نشریه روانشناسی خانواده
سال نهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 17، بهار و تابستان 1401)

Romantic relationships are the main source of happiness for many people and the normal part of life during adolescence and youth; As a result, the dissolution of this relationship may be a disturbing event. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on post-traumatic growth after the termination of a romantic relationship in a single-experimental semi-experimental method. For this purpose, three female participants with the experience of breaking off the romantic relationship were selected by the available sampling method and underwent individual compassion-focused treatment during eight 90-minute sessions. Participants in the treatment phase answered the Post-Traumatic Development Inventory (PTGI), and in the pre-treatment phase, the Love Impact Questionnaire (LTI) and the MMPI-2RF questionnaire were interviewed clinically. Data were analyzed by visual mapping, baseline change index, and recovery percentage formula; As a result, the improvement rate in the post-intervention growth variable in the post-intervention and follow-up stages was 52% and 38% in the first participant, 40% and 40% in the second participant, and 18% and 41% in the third participant, respectively. Thus, the overall recovery rate for all three participants was 39%, which indicates moderate success in treatment; therefore, it can be concluded that a broken heart can heal and move towards a positive transformation, and compassion-focused therapy helps people to reach a stronger and more developed version of themselves after breaking off a romantic relationship. The results of this study have the potential to be used by psychologists and counselors

Adolescence due to some changes Biological, psychological and social with a tendency to a variety of risky behaviors. The aim of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between parental psychological control and mindfulness with high-risk behaviors of adolescents with mediating the role of emotional self-regulation. The statistical population includes junior high school students in Zanjan, whose number was 46,000 and according to Krejcie and Morgan table and using multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Through cyberspace, due to the lack of face-to-face class, a sample of 403 students of both sexes was selected (of which 214 were in the girls 'group and 189 were in the boys' group) and Virtually, they responded to the Iranian Adolescent Risk Questionnaire (IARS), the Emotional Self-Regulation Questionnaire (MARS), the Dependent Oriented Parental Control Scale (DAPCS), and the Mindfulness Questionnaire (MFQ).Statistical method of structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. Findings showed that emotional self-regulation mediates the relationship between parental psychological control and mindfulness and high-risk behaviors. Also, the direct effect of parental psychological control, mindfulness and emotional self-regulation with high-risk behaviors and the direct effect of emotional self-regulation with psychological control of parents and mindfulness were significant. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that family support and control play an important role in preventing the tendency to high-risk behaviors. Equipping students with individual skills such as mindfulness and emotional self-regulation can also be effective in preventing high-risk behaviors.

Extramarital affairs are one of the most important harms that threaten the cohesion of families in recent years. Identifying factors related to extramarital affairs is important because it can reduce the risk of family breakdown. Extramarital affairs are one of the most important harms that threaten the cohesion of families in recent years. Identifying factors related to extramarital affairs is important because it can reduce the risk of family breakdownThis study aimed to investigate the mediating role of self-control in the relationship between virtual internet Addiction and excitement with emotional divorce and attitudes toward marital infidelity in women with extramarital affairs. Two hundred sixteen women with extramarital affairs in Tehran were selected using the purposive sampling method and participated in this study. Research tools included questionnaires of Virtual Internet Addiction, Sensation Seeking, Self-control, Attitudes toward Marital Infidelity and Emotional Divorce. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling. Findings revealed that the direct effects of cyber addiction, excitement and self-control on emotional divorce and attitudes toward marital infidelity are significant. The study of indirect coefficients also indicated that self-control has a mediating role in the relationship between Internet addiction and excitement with emotional divorce and attitudes toward marital infidelity in women with extramarital affairs. Based on the research findings, the role of self-control in the occurrence and intensification of emotional divorce and attitudes toward marital infidelity can be confirmed. As a result, by providing the necessary training to improve self-control skills, harms such as emotional divorce and attitudes toward marital infidelity can be reduced.

The present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of Affective Reconstructive, and Emotional-Focused therapies on the forgiveness and psychological well-being in women who filed for a divorce with a history of early marriage. The research method was experimental with pre-test, and post-test design with control and follow-up groups. The statistical population included all women who filed for a divorce (with a history of early marriage) in Ardabil city in 2020. The participants were selected using the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups; they participated in each treatment for eight sessions of 90 minutes once a week. The interpersonal forgiveness scale (IF-25) and Ryff psychological well-being scale (1989) was used to collect data. Data were then analyzed using the repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test. The findings showed that Affective Reconstructive and Emotional-Focused therapy were effective in increasing forgiveness and psychological well-being in women who filed for a divorce, but the effectiveness of Affective Reconstructive therapy was significantly higher than Emotional-focused therapy. Therefore, in terms of the low level of forgiveness and psychological well-being in women who filed for a divorce, Affective Reconstructive, and Emotional-Focused therapies can use to improve forgiveness and psychological well-being in women who filed for a divorce. The present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of Affective Reconstructive, and Emotional-Focused therapies on the forgiveness and psychological well-being in women who filed for a divorce with a history of early marriage. The research method was experimental with pre-test, and post-test design with control and follow-up groups. The statistical population included all women who filed for a divorce (with a history of early marriage) in Ardabil city in 2020. The participants were selected using the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups; they participated in each treatment for eight sessions of 90 minutes once a week. The interpersonal forgiveness scale (IF-25) and Ryff psychological well-being scale (1989) was used to collect data. Data were then analyzed using the repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test.

Boredom is one of the most commonly experienced emotions during the adolescent years. Highly bored adolescents were shown to avoid schoolwork, and reduced attention, self-regulation, and motivation. An important characteristic of boredom is that it can be triggered by family environment. Although the relationship between Family Communication Patterns and boredom has been examined, there are few studies on underling mechanisms of this relationship. Therefore, the aim of present study was to investigate the mediating role of creativity in the relationship between Family Communication Patterns and boredom. In this descriptive- correlational study a total of 400 female high school students from the school of the 3th district of Tehran in the academic year of 2018-2019 were selected via cluster sampling. Data were collected using Multidimensional State Boredom Scale (Fahlman et al, 2013), Family Comminication Patterns Questionnaire (Fitzpatrick & Ritchie, 1974) and Abedi Creativity Questionnaire (Abadi, 1372). To analyze the data descriptive statistics, Pierson Correlation and path analysis were conducted. The results showed that direct effect of the family conversation orientation on the boredom was significantly negative, And direct effect of the Family conformity orientation and boredom were significantly positive. Also, results showed that mediating role of creativity in the relationship between Family Communication Patterns and boredom was significant. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that family communication patterns and creativity are important factor affecting adolescents’ boredom. Therefore, improving family communication and enhancing creativity can be a good way to support adolescent against everyday life problems and prevention boredom.

The current study compared the ffectiveness of schema-based couple therapy and cognitive behavioral couple therapy on the main maladaptive schemas of Kermanshah divorce seeking women. The current study had a semi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and control group. The statistical population consists of Kermanshah city residents who visited counseling services in the second half of 1400 and were divorcing. 45 individuals who voluntarily signed up to take part in this course were chosen at random and divided into two experimental and control groups depending on the requirements for entering and leaving the study. The research instrument featured Young's Primary Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire (YSQ-SF). The interventions of the two groups were carried out in groups for 8 sessions of 90 minutes and twice a week. Data were analyzed with SPSS-26 software and statistical tests of univariate analysis of covariance and Benferoni post hoc test with a probability value of 0.05. The results showed that schema-based couple therapy and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy were significantly effective on the initial incompatible schemas of women applying for divorce compared to the control group (P<0.05). Also, no significant difference was observed between the two treatments (P=1). According to the research results, it can be said that these treatment methods can be used in counseling and family psychotherapy environments.

Nowadays remarriage has become a common form of marriage. Remarriage is a phenomenon which affects not only one couple, and one family, but also several couples and families based on the individual situation, and their roles. This study aimed to survey the individuals lived experience in remarriage after divorce. This research was a qualitative research which was done by the phenomenological method with descriptive approach. The participants were selected by purposive sampling method. A semi-structured profound interview was done with 12 people, including 7 women and 5 men. For analyzing the data, the Colizzi method was used. Eight main themes which are “Incentives for remarriage”, “criteria for choosing a new spouse”, “hope for a better life”, “friendly, and intimate life in remarriage”, “feeling of love and satisfaction”, “maturity in remarriage”, “challenges associated to remarriage”, and “re-divorce” were obtained. The results indicated that different aspects of individual’s remarriage are largely affected by their previous marriage. The person's prior marriage affects every step of the remarriage process, from deciding to do so and selecting a partner to how to handle disagreements and communicate during it. In fact, those who get remarried use their first marriage as a criterion and tend to steer clear of anything like their first union. Individuals in remarriage seek for a marriage which does not have the negative characteristics of the first marriage, and even has the ability to compensate for its defect.

The communication patterns of parents and the quality of interpersonal relationships in the family are among the factors that have received much attention in the context of the aggravating factors of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children. This research was conducted with the aim of predicting the severity of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children based on the communication patterns of parents in the family, the quality of interpersonal relationships, and the attachment styles of mothers. The descriptive research method was correlation type. The statistical population of the current study included all children suffering from attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Qom city in 1400, and 270 people were selected as a sample based on the table of Karjesi and Morgan. Data were collected using the revised scale of Ritchie and Fitzpatrick's family communication patterns (Ritchie & Fitzpatrick, 1990), interpersonal problems scale (Herwitz et al., 1988), adult attachment style questionnaire (Hazen and Shaver, 1987) and Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms questionnaire (Snape, 1980) was collected. The analysis of the findings through Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression analysis showed that there is a significant negative correlation between communication orientation and secure attachment styles with the severity of symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and conformity orientation. There is a significant positive correlation between interpersonal problems and fearful, preoccupied and distant attachment styles with the severity of symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children (p < 0.05). In other words, by increasing safe attachment styles and communication orientation, we can witness the reduction of symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The results showed that conformity, interpersonal relationship problems, communication and phobic attachment style play a role in predicting the severity of symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Nowadays, combined parenting programs that teach behavioral parenting skills and regulate parents' emotions by valuing parents' thoughts and feelings have proven more effective than non-combined programs; however, there is no evidence comparing the effectiveness of these combined programs. Thus, the current study compared the effects of a combined program of Parent Management Training (PMT) and mindful parenting with a combined program of PMT and parenting based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on parenting stress and a child's externalizing problems. The study employed a semi-experimental design with a pre-test, post-test, and three-month follow-up, as well as a control group. The current research population consisted of mothers of preschool-aged children in the city of Semnan in 2022; more specifically, 36 mothers with high parenting stress levels (as measured by Abidin's Parenting Stress Index – Short Form [PSI-SF]) and children with externalizing problems (as measured by the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory [ECBI]) were randomly assigned to one of three groups (two experimental groups and one control group). Each experimental group received eight two-hour sessions, once per week, of separate combination programs, while the control group was placed on a waiting list. Multivariate covariance analysis revealed that both combined programs significantly reduced parental stress and children's externalizing problems between the post-test and the three-month follow-up. However, no significant difference was observed between the effectiveness of the two programs in reducing parenting stress and child problems. Therefore, the combined program of parenting based on ACT and PMT with the combined program of mindful parenting training and PMT can be utilized to reduce parenting stress and child behavior problems.

This study aimed to compare the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) on the resilience and assertiveness of women victims of domestic violence. The study applied a quasi-experimental design, utilizing a pre-test and post-test model with multiple groups. The statistical population included women victims of domestic violence during autumn 2020 and spring 2021 in Sari. The sample was selected through purposive sampling, where 45 participants were selected. The population was then matched through a lottery technique and assigned to two experimental and one control group comprising 15 women. The first experimental group received seven ACT 90-minute sessions; the second received 12 DBT 90-minute sessions. The control group was placed on a waiting list for training. Data were collected using the standard resilience and assertiveness questionnaire and analyzed using the multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) test in SPSS 22 software. All three groups were required to complete the same questionnaires at the end of the study. The results indicated that both interventions increased resilience and assertiveness scores for the experimental groups. Moreover, there was a meaningful difference between the two interventions regarding their effectiveness on the variables above, where ACT's effectiveness on resilience and assertiveness was higher. Based on the findings, psychological interventions for domestic violence-exposed women can effectively prevent and reduce such incidents.