نشریه مطالعات دین، معنویت و مدیریت
پیاپی 17 (پاییز و زمستان 1401)

Due to its harmful effects, fraud has long been the concern of societies. In this context, models such as the fraud triangle, fraud rhombus and fraud pentagon are also observed, each of which has been considered as a factor in better identification of financial fraud, but until now, religiosity has not been considered worthy of consideration. This research is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. In the present study, by content analysis of the fraud models, a new model called “hexagonal fraud " was presented which, with the Islamic approach, adds the structure of religiosity to fraud models. In the qualitative section, analyzing the content of the sources related to fraud, 14 factors were identified in the fraud. In the quantitative section, using the Delphi method and the opinion of 14 experts, six factors were identified as having higher significance than the average, and the "mosque of cheating" were created. Findings of the study showed the importance of religious beliefs, justification, opportunity, pressure, individual talent and corporate leadership in controlling fraud, according to experts. In the following, using DEMATEL technique, the interaction between the structures of “hexagonal fraud " was examined. The findings of this section, with 10 expert opinions, also showed that the model of “hexagonal fraud” is an "interactive process", its components affect each other and interact. The structure of religiosity in the model of “hexagonal fraud" will also have the greatest impact and interaction with other structures. In addition, the opportunity structure is most influential.

In recent years, due to the increasing production in Islamic countries and the presence of Muslims in global markets, Islamic-based advertising is considered as one of the most important core nuclei of the marketing mix in Islamic marketing. In this research, the principles and indicators of Islamic marketing in the field of sales advertizement have been identified and extracted. For this purpose, in accordance with the qualitative meta-synthesis method, which is one of the types of meta-study methods, after a primary search and finding sources related to the issue of sales advertisement in Islam, out of 100 primary sources found, 30 sources have been refined and selected. Using these sources, seven components and 31 indicators were extracted. After refinement and reclassification, 29 indicators were approved by professors of management and Islamic economy. The findings of this study showed that Islamic indicators for product advertisement can be divided into seven components: rule of no loss, rule of negation of ambiguity, rule of negation of alien domination, principle of moderation, principle of justice, value and holiness of work, principle of human dignity.

In the Islamic sources, especially, the Quran and Nahj al-Balagha all the dos and don'ts and requirements of personal and social life is considered. Substrate principles and professional ethics, which is a relatively new issue in businesses, agencies and organizations had been noticed by Islam about 1,400 years ago and issues relating to professional ethics could be answered by referring to the Islamic sources. The letter of Imam Ali (AS) to Malek, governor of Egypt, is one of the most well-known sources for the professional ethics that states the basic features of a governmental administrators and managers. The aim of the research is to identify and prioritize the professional ethics of executives from the viewpoint of Imam Ali (AS). The data collected through interviews and questionnaire developed by the researchers. After the literature being reviewed, professional ethics extracted from the Nahj al-Balagha, which includes sermons, letters and wisdom of Imam Ali (AS). The validity and reliability of the questionnaire, the sample was distributed. Then, after checking the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, it was distributed. Information obtained from the questionnaires using descriptive and inferential statistical methods were classified and analyzed. The results showed that the most important component belongs to "financing of employees' and " merit and qualification-oriented "obtained the lowest priority among the 25 components.

Historical and social experiences have proven that social norms and values even if they are based on solid intellectual and religious foundations, if they are not managed in a proper way, they can be ineffective and have opposite results for the society and become anti-value and abnormality, and the command of good and forbidding evil is not excluded from this issue. This research, referring to the problems and damages that have existed in the implementation methods throughout history, investigates the necessity of managing these two fundamental principles with methods appropriate to today's vast and complex societies. It introduces organizational management as the most efficient method to manage their implementation and first of all, it highlights verses 104 of Surah Al-Imran and 140 of Surah Hajj to confirm the organizational method in a jurisprudential and interpretive way, and the need for the implementation of these two principles requires scientific qualifications. It puts forward ethics as a rational reason to confirm the necessity of organization in their implementation and then, discusses the strengths of organizational management in the implementation of good and forbidding evil using historical evidence in the following three tropics: 1) not having the problems of individual method, 2) the possibility of questioning and answering, 3) having social support.

Cultural humility is a continuous process that involves people who deal with different communities. The purpose of this research is to analyze the position of social capital in relation to cultural humility and to enrich entrepreneurial learning through changing the entrepreneurial mindset. The methodology used in this research is meta-synthesis strategy. Data are collected from 10 studies on this concept and analyzed with the technique of coding. The results show that cultural humility with self-awareness component is no longer conscious. By strengthening the dimensions of social capital, such as trust, empathy and responsibility, it leads to changing the entrepreneurial mental model and enhancing entrepreneurial learning.

The supreme leader of the Iran's Islamic Revolution issued the Statement of the Second Phase of the Revolution, which presented recommendations toward the goal of a great Jihad for the sake of making a great Islamic Iran. From the point of view of His Highness, the key to victory and achieving the prodigious goals of the Islamic system is Jihadi and revolutionary work. This research inspired by the original and transcendent standpoint of His Highness; explored the dimensions and components of the concept of Jihadi management and examined its pathology based on three-dimensional model (3-D model) in the Islamic Republic of Iran Army. The present study is applied research in terms of purpose and a qualitative study in terms of method. Initially, to satisfy the goal of the research, through using qualitative content analysis method, the necessary information was extracted from His Highness's statements and related original articles. Afterwards it was organized based on the triangular model and was examined based on the pathology approach. Findings indicated the status of Jihadi management and offered its problems in three underlying categories: structural, behavioral and contextual. In the end, some solutions to alleviate the problems were proposed.

Performance appraisal is an important division of human resource management programs. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of performance appraisal process elements on its effectiveness in public organizations. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive (survey) in terms of method. The research population consisted of all employees in departments of cooperatives, work and social welfare at Lorestan and Zanjan provinces, which among them 182 people responded to the questionnaire. Content validity and reliability through using Cronbach's Alpha questionnaire was approved. Based on the findings, there is a significant relationship between all variables. The highest correlation coefficient was among performance appraisal effectiveness and providing proper feedback (0.697), commitment to Islamic values (0.694), and certain objectives (0.683) respectively. Results showed that setting certain objectives has a significant effect on proper appraisal measures and performance appraisal effectiveness. According to analysis, the effect of proper appraisal measures on implementing appraisal properly and performance appraisal effectiveness was positive and significant. In addition, providing feedback properly has a positive and significant effect on performance appraisal effectiveness, but the effect of performance appraisal implementation is not significant. Commitment to Islamic values has a significant effect to proper implementation, nonetheless it doesn’t moderate the relationship between proper implementation and performance appraisal effectiveness.

In this research, the effect of Islamic management system on the empowerment of Hawzah of Qom employees was studied. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of method. Data gathering tool was a researcher made questionnaire with 29 items based on Likert scale. SPSS and LISREL were used to analyze the data. The statistical population of the research was the Hawzah of Qom employees, which were selected based on a non-random sampling method. The sample size was determined according to the Cochrane's unconditional formula of 130 people, and reliability was confirmed by the Cronbach's alpha and the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the experts. The results of the research showed that the Islamic management system influences the empowerment of employees in the Hawzah of Qom, that is the Islamic management style affects the trust and confidence of Hawzah of Qom employees, Islamic management style affects the effectiveness of Hawzah of Qom employees, Islamic Management style affects the meaningfulness of Hawzah of Qom employees services, it affects the autonomy of Hawzah of Qom employees and finally, the Islamic management system affects the self-efficacy of Hawzah of Qom employees.

Organizational virtue is recognized as one of the important and new concepts of organization that derived from positive psychology. The present study aims to predict organizational virtue based on ethical leadership and spiritual intelligence. This applied research is descriptive-correlational. Statistical population consisted of employees of Department of Culture and Islamic Guidance, West Azerbaijan Province with higher education degree and data collection tools were three questionnaires: ethical leadership guidelines (Brown et al., 2005), Cameron et al., Organizational virtue questionnaire (2004) and King's Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (2008). To analyze the data and test hypotheses, multiple regressions were used simultaneously. The findings of the hypothesis test showed that spiritual intelligence and its dimensions on promoting organizational virtue have a positive, direct and significant effect. Also, the positive, direct and significant impact of ethical leadership and its dimensions on organizational excellence was confirmed. According to the results of the research, spiritual intelligence and ethical leadership account for about 11 and 17 percent of organizational changes, respectively. Based on these results, by increasing the two variables, the prediction of moral leadership and spiritual intelligence and their dimensions, the criterion of organizational excellence will improve.

Iran's administrative system is influenced by the management paradigms governing administrative communities, i.e., traditional public administration (public affairs administration), modern public administration and good governance. Each of these paradigms has merits and demerits that prevent its absolute use in the administrative system. These paradigms have elements that can be used in research to infer the administrative system from the perspective of Islamic teachings. The main question is that based on Islamic teachings, what kind of infrastructure does the administrative system have? The main goal is to present the basics of Islamic administrative system. In this way, it is clear how much of the existing paradigms in the administrative system are consistent with Islamic teachings. In this research, the size and extent of government involvement (maximum or minimum), the position of the structure and managers and the nature of administrative positions, human nature, the position of people, the position of productivity, the importance of each of the processes and outputs, the position of controlling processes and outputs, concentration and lack of concentration is somewhat defined in the administrative system. The research method is analytical and inferential based on Islamic sources and teaching strategy.

This research paper was aimed to investigate the effect of management roles on organizational transparency with an Islamic approach. The present study was descriptive-correlational research that was conducted by survey method. Mintzberg's management roles were initially identified through library studies. Then, based on religious teachings, a role was added to the above fifth roles called "social responsibility". In addition, these roles were tested in a statistical population and the differences between the roles in the two statistical populations (research institutes and manufacturing companies of Kerman province of Iran) were tested. The main tool for collecting information were questionnaires. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses. SPSS (version 23) and AMOS were used to analyze the data. In conclusion, findings showed that there was a difference between management roles in research and manufacturing companies. It was also concluded that managerial roles have direct effects on organizational transparency in both research institutes and manufacturing companies in Kerman.

Emotional intelligence tries to describe and interpret the place of emotion and feeling in human abilities and includes a set of non-cognitive skills and abilities that make a person's capacity resistant to external demands, pressures and emotions. Emotional intelligence is also very important in organizations and ignoring emotions and not managing them can be costly for the organization. According to this issue, this research paper is aimed to study the relation between emotional intelligence and organizational trauma among the employees of the General Administration of Ports and Maritime Affairs. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the present study is all employees of the General Administration of Ports and Maritime Affairs of Bandar Abbas. According to Morgan table, 86 people were selected as a sample by simple random sampling. Research data were collected using standard questionnaires of emotional intelligence and organizational trauma and analyzed by structural equation method using Smart-PLS software. The validity of the collected data was confirmed by the mean test of variance (AVE) and their reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha and combined reliability. The results showed that emotional intelligence has a negative and significant effect of sixty percent negatively on organizational trauma