نشریه پایداری، توسعه و محیط زیست
سال چهارم شماره 13 (بهار 1402)

The purpose of this article is to review scientific research related to air pollution and deaths caused by the corona virus and the costs of premature death and Disability Adjusted Life Years.

The present research method is a review study. The statistical population of the research is all the studies conducted in international and national scientific databases based on the index (DALY) and its relationship with pollutant particles with an emphasis on the pollutant of suspended particles with a diameter of 2.5 microns (PM2.5), as well as the effect of air pollution on The COVID-19 virus and their Willingness to Pay (WTP) in Iran and the world. The research findings were analyzed using the coding technique based on the keywords of air pollution, Contingent Valuation, Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) and COVID-19.

survey of environmental disease studies shows the contribution of environmental risk factors including PM2.5, have been according to the DALY index because of death or disability. Also, the study of articles are mostly about statistical analyses on the measured concentrations of PM2.5 and infection and death data by COVID-19 in different countries.

The results of the studies show a strong and significant correlation between the concentration of PM2.5 pollutants and the rate of infection and death caused by the corona virus. which shows that by controlling the concentration of pollutants, the rate of infection and death caused by the corona virus can be reduced.

Coastal areas are one of the busiest and most touristy areas, the design and beautification of the landscape is very important, but what is important is to improve safety and security against all kinds of accidents, in other words, to make it resilient.

The main purpose of this research is to design the coastal landscape of Salmanshahr with the aim of promoting resilience, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method and field studies. The statistical population consists of all factors involved with the range, including residents, tourists and experts, of which 100 people have been selected as a statistical sample. Data analysis was performed using T-statistic analysis, regression analysis and SWOT-QSPM analysis.

The results showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between landscape design and resilience promotion in the range. In addition, the findings indicate that there are many problems in the field of landscape and resilience in the area.

Organizing and designing the landscape of Salmanshahr beach with resilience can lead to the growth and development of tourism in the area.

The rapid development of cities has caused the unsustainability of the human urban environment and consequently fragmented the ecology of the urban landscape. Today, there is a need for a new conceptualization with which to approach ecological diversity, such as environmental planning and design for integrating the urban landscape ecology. The development of urban green networks is one of the essential factors to protect biodiversity and effectively prevent the isolation of populations and species. The purpose of this article is to connect ecological networks in the urban landscape and finally increase connectivity and provide ecosystem services in cities and presenting proposed potential corridors and their scenarios.

We produced the proposed scenarios by using the improved Gravity model and network analysis in GIS software.

We achieved the prioritize corridors in the northeast area of Tehran by using the cost layer, the impedance layer, and the core patches. In the final stage, three scenarios were developed in the studied area using corridor network analysis.

Based on the impedance layer, core patches, and cost layer, the functional prioritization of the proposed corridors was discussed to develop and analyze the proposed corridors. This map leads to decision-making strategies and achieving the integration of the ecological networks in the urban landscape. The output of this paper can be used as a basic map for the development and revitalization of urban ecological landscape structures.

Improving the quality of the rural environment and improving the rural appearance and landscape have significant roles in rural development and turning these areas into tourist destinations. The purpose of this article is to identify and survey the indicators of rural landscape that affect on environmental quality and rural tourism to provide suggestions for the villages of Baraghan.

This is an applied and developmental research also from the position of process is a quantitative and qualitative research. In the case study were used observations, interviews with village officials and trustees, as well as filling out questionnaires between residents. 350 questionnaires complited and analysis in SPSS software under exploratory factor analysis (F.A) and regression.

According to the results of expert and statistical analysis, six factors of rural economy, safety, physical condition of rural environment, natural and religious landscape, recreational-tourism services, advertising and holding traditional and religious rituals of the village and the original Were identified as factors Rural landscapes that affect environmental quality and rural tourism.

Strengthening jobs related to tourism, improving the cleanliness of Baraghan rural area, improving access conditions in the village, using more local, traditional materials and identity elements in construction can improve the rural landscape. Finally, the environmental quality was improved and tourists would attracted to these villages.

One of the problems of every city is the existence of worn-out fabric in the city. Worn-out textures are more than collections of buildings, passages and street, they are biological and social complexes, and their formation is the product of various social, economic, cultural variables, etc. Deh Vanak neighborhood located in the 3rd district of Tehran has a worn-out and old- Fashioned texture with in sustainable houses, narrow alleys, and lot of pressure. In this neighborhood, people have built their houses without a plan, and without any constriction principles and standards. And it is because this principled and irregular con struction has created the worn texture of the neighborhood.

In the article, using SPSS software version 26 and sample t-test, with the aim of providing solutions to organize the worn-out fabric of the neighborhood, we have in vest gated the worn- out fabric of the neighborhood.

The finding of the research show that this neighborhood is in an unfavorable physical condition, among the recommend nations that are presented for the organization of the fabric, it can be briefly supported by government in situations such as providing financial facilities and other in centime policies in the matter of housing renovation.

Renovation and improvement of in structures, attraction of private sector investment, culture among the people of the neighborhood, elimination of the thermal deficiencies of the neighborhood, creation of popular organize tons for renovation and…

Rice is one of the most strategic plants in Iran. On the other hand, agriculture makes a wide variety of environmental amenities and problems. Thus researches that help the production and sustainable development in this area are significant. The main purpose of this research is the design and development of a scalable remote sensing-based paddy yield model.

In this study, we used several different images available in Google Earth Engine (GEE) to estimate paddy yield at various temporal (growing seasons) and spatial scales (from 30 m resolution to regional scales). Then, a remote sensing-based light use efficiency (LUE) model integrated with inanimate environmental stressors, was implemented. This operational model was assessed against actual field-level yield data in 2016, 2017, and 2019 growing seasons across more than 691 paddy fields in Gilan province.The efficiency of the current model was evaluated through different statistical measures. The results showed a positive correlation and a signed agreement between the estimated and measured values so that in the studied growing seasons, the average correlation coefficient (R) and agreement index (d) was equal to 0.55. The average RMSE equal to 500 kg/ha, the average MAE equal to 440 kg/ha, and the average NRMSE equal to 0.12, all indicate that the accuracy of the model in estimating crop yield in these locations and years is satisfactory. Also, the submitted model showed the appropriate variability of yield values at the farm scale.

In general, this new approach has confirmed that the use of remote sensing in the GEE is appropriate for estimating crop yield at various temporal and spatial scales, as the current model can be utilized in a wide range of applications such as agricultural management and insurance.