فصلنامه یافته
سال بیست و پنجم شماره 1 (پیاپی 95، بهار 1402)

Natural Organic Matters (NOMs) are pollutants that exist in many drinking water resources, cause many problems in drinking water treatment processes, and have adverse effects on human health. For this reason, these substances must be removed from drinking water via a proper method. Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are novel adsorbents that have been widely considered in recent years. In this study, Uio-66 functionalized with NH2 was synthesized and applied for humic acid adsorption (as a natural organic matter) removal from water.

The present study was conducted in a batch reactor and on a laboratory scale. Firstly, the characteristics of the synthesized adsorbent were investigated. Then, the effect of different parameters such as pH, adsorbent dosage, and initial concentration of humic acid on adsorption process was also investigated. Additionally, isotherms and kinetics of humic acid adsorption on Uio-66-NH2 adsorbent were determined. The data analysis and isotherms comparisons were conducted using linear regression and determination coefficient.

In this study, the analysis confirmed the structure and properties of the fabricated nanoparticles. The adsorbent surface area was 673.4 m2/g. The results also showed that the optimal pH for adsorption of humic acid was in the range of 5 to 7, the optimal dose of adsorbent was 0.8 g/L, and the maximum adsorption of humic acid was 2.2 mg/g of adsorbent.

Based on the findings of the present research, humic acid adsorption isotherm on the adsorbent was in accordance with the Langmuir isotherm model and its adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The current study revealed that by optimization of the condition, the adsorbent can be used for organic matter removal.

Dysfunction of mitochondria is associated with such diseases as obesity, cancer, and type 2 diabetes. Training plays a major role in the improvement of mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training on some mitophagy indices in the liver tissue, including BNIP3 and NIX in type 2 diabetic rats.

A total of 30 three-month-old adult male Wistar rats with a weight range (250-300 g) were randomly assigned to four groups of 10 series, including healthy control (C), Diabetic control (D), and diabetic+Training (D+T). The training protocol includes running with intensity at 85%-90% of maximum speed in 6-12 two-minute intervals five days a week for eight weeks. A method based on Western blotting was used to determine changes in the expression of BNIP3 and NIX proteins in the liver tissue of rats. The one-way analysis of variance and the Bonferroni post hoc test were used to analyze the data.

Diabetes increased BNIP3 and NIX proteins; nonetheless, it was not significant. The changes of NIX in the trained diabetic group were about 57% less than in the diabetic control group, and this difference was significant (P=0.033), while BNIP3, despite a 37% decrease, did not change significantly (P>0.05).

Eight weeks of intense intermittent training caused a significant decrease in the expression of proteins involved in mitophagy in the training group. Nonetheless, arriving at a definite conclusion on these indicators and how they are affected by different conditions depends on conducting further studies.

Multiple sclerosis disease (MS) is progressing, especially in women. The present study aimed to determine the effect of eight weeks of resistance training with two types of linear and nonlinear periodized on muscle strength, fatigue, and quality of life in women with MS.

A total of 19 patients with MS were selected and randomly assigned to three groups: nonlinear periodized (NLP) (n=6), linear periodized (LP) (n=5), and control (n=8). Both exercise groups performed resistance exercises three sessions a week for 30-45 minutes per session, with an intensity of 30%-70% of a maximum repetition for eight weeks. The linear group (LP) used a linear loading pattern per week. In contrast, the nonlinear group (NLP) experienced different intensities of training from the fourth week onwards. Two days before and after the training protocol, muscle strength was measured indirectly. Moreover, fatigue was evaluated with a 5-item Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS-5) and quality of life with a 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). The results were analyzed in SPSS software (version 21) using the analysis of the covariance model and Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) post hoc test.

Based on the results, LP and NLP training led to a marked increase in muscular strength )P<0.001) and a significant decrease in fatigue )P=0.020) in MS patients. Nonetheless, no significant difference was observed in the quality of life between research groups )P=0/092). There were no significant differences between LP and NLP in factors, except leg press  (P<0/001).

As evidenced by the obtained results, both LP and NLP training models increased muscle strength and reduced fatigue. Nevertheless, linear resistance training led to greater improvement in the aforementioned factors.

Uterus Didelphys is one of the rare cases of uterine abnormalities that is mostly asymptomatic until pregnancy and delivery. The present report introduces a case of a double uterus with a separate cervix and a common vagina (Uterus Didelphys). 

The patient was a 38-year-old woman referred to a radiology clinic by a gynecologist. She was pregnant at the time; however, she had a history of repeated miscarriages, irregular and painful menstruation, prolonged bleeding, and spotting. The evaluation of radiological images with hysterosalpingography showed that this patient had a double uterus with a separate cervix and a common vagina (Uterus Didelphys).

Müllerian duct abnormalities are among the most important factors of infertility in women, whose accurate diagnosis and right treatment can help to maintain fertility. The use of imaging methods can also help in the correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment of these people.

Exercise is a therapeutic procedure for addicts; however, its physiological mechanisms are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of endurance training on the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and endostatin in the heart tissue of male rats with morphine withdrawal syndrome.

This experimental study was conducted on 32 male rats randomly divided into four groups of eight: healthy control (HC), endurance training (ET), morphine control (CM), and morphine+endurance training (M.ET). Two morphine withdrawal groups were addicted to 0.4 mg/ml morphine sulfate for 21 days. The exercise groups performed eight weeks of treadmill running. At the end of the study, all rats were killed, and their heart tissue was removed. Protein levels of the indicators in this study were measured by ELISA kits. The data were analyzed by Tukey’s one-way ANOVA test.

The results of this study showed a significant decrease in VEGF levels (P<0.001) and a significant increase in ES (P<0.001) in the MC, compared to the HC. In addition, the increase in VEGF levels (P=0.014) and the decrease in ES (P=0.026) in the M.ET showed a significant difference, compared to the MC.

Endurance training may be useful in preventing negative changes in angiogenesis and metabolic parameters related to morphine, which should be considered in the rehabilitation of addicts.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can lead to serious complications and have adverse effects on physical and mental well-being in young people. This review aimed to investigate the prevalence of NAFLD among Iranians aged 6 to 18 years.

This study was conducted by systematic review and meta-analysis methods. A detailed search was performed on various international and Iranian databases from January 2000 to January 2023. The international databases included Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science, while the Iranian databases consisted of MagIran and SID. The quality of the selected studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa  Scale. Overall prevalence was estimated using the random-effects model and DerSimonian and Laird criteria with a 95% confidence interval. The Q-Cochrane test and the I2 index were used to assess heterogeneity between studies. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was performed to ensure the reliability of the results. Data analysis was performed in Stata12 software.

Finally, 9 studies were selected for analysis, of which, 7 studies were of good quality, while 2 studies were of average quality based on the assigned scores. According to the random-effects model, the overall prevalence of NAFLD in Iranian individuals aged 6 to 18 years was 35% with a 95% confidence interval (24% to 46%).

The results of our study revealed a high prevalence of NAFLD in Iranian individuals aged 6 to 18 years. Policymakers and healthcare planners in Iran must implement educational programs aimed at the prevention and early diagnosis of this disease.