Creative City Design
Volume:6 Issue: 1, Jan 2023

The residential satisfaction of housing users in cities has much importance in urban housing planning. Besides the physical and mental health of the residents, the residents' satisfaction with the residential environment is effective on the important indicators of planning, such as the quality of life, the displacement rate, and the housing demand forecast. Identifying various factors in the residents' satisfaction of a neighborhood from the quality of their residential environment can better decide to improve the quality level of their residence location and assess the qualitative situation of the quality components in the desired residential environment. The present research was conducted to improve the quality of the architectural space of housing with a biophilic approach in District 1 of Tehran city. This applied research is based on descriptive-correlational and field research. The statistical population of this research was all the citizens over 18 years of age in District 1 of Tehran city. A questionnaire was used to collect data, and the questionnaire was randomly distributed among 384 people in a simple stratified manner, statistical analyzes were performed using this number of respondents. The results of data analysis showed that the indicators of satisfaction with housing, the criteria involved in improving the quality and desirability of the residential environment, criteria involved in traditional biophilic architecture and biophilic architecture are placed on moderate to a high level and have a favorable condition. Also, the results of multiple regression indicated that modern and traditional biophilic architecture criteria have a positive effect on users’ satisfaction with housing.

This study tried to find typological criteria at the building scale and for housing specifically. In this study type and typology have been analyzed into the etymological origin and architectural origin. Firstly four developing stages based on methodological and historical interpretation have been analyzed; Rationalist philosophy of the enlightenment, Modernist ideology, Neo-rationalism after the 1960s, and the last relates to Neo-traditionalism. After that, the problem of modern discontinuity and morphology as a cure for temporal chaos of types has been analyzed. Secondly, practical schools of morphology, type, and typology have been reviewed into three categories of British, Italian, and French schools. Thirdly it has been a comparison between British and Italian schools as well as the Conzenian and Caniggian approaches to typology. After that typology at the architectural and building scale has been analyzed and discussed, then typological criteria at the building scale have been concluded and discussed. Finally, typological criteria for Sabzevar houses have been compiled into five categories: outline, arrangement, building layout, building façade, and building material. The research method is based on the documentary research method. 45 sub-criteria have been selected from the literature review in general, and with the Delphi method, 15 sub-criteria have been extracted from them. Questionnaires were distributed among 10 experts through the snowball method. Typological criteria for Sabzervar’s housing have been studied for the first time in this study and it is never been dealt with anywhere before. Therefore in this study housing typology criteria have been compiled and prioritize at building scale for the first time in Sabzevar city.

In process research studies, researchers often face a convergent image due to confrontation with a subjective thing. To move out of this converging situation, the researcher will attempt to discover and develop the logic prevailing in this situation. For this, the goal is to discover the order embedded within these process concepts. Consistent with three commonly recognized reasoning methods of inference, induction and analogy, the present study seeks to outline metaphor as a reasoning method as an extension of analogy, mainly aiming to understand its internal structure and mechanisms. At first, in the research methodology, analogical method has been used to understand inner structure of any of three respective methods. Then, in the second phase, the structure of analogy and its status in design process was investigated by the lens of inferencing reasoning. And, development of analogy cased to study the differentiate of metaphor and analogy in the third stage and applies library sources to gather data. to elaborate on the construction of metaphors, its process status in both domains of creation and reading of the text is first taken into account, and its internal construction is examined by providing a four-stage mechanism including Extraction of unknown concept, conceptual/metaphorical relation and problem, Translation and application of structural similarities and creation metaphor. The artwork complexity, the formation of figurative languages and binary meaning in the reading of the work are birth from the structure of the metaphor, which originates from the removal of a part of the pillars of analogy.

Job satisfaction and improving employee performance due to direct relation with individual and environmental factors is one of the most important issues in optimizing the industrial environment. The physical environment of the built environment affects mental health directly and indirectly, meaning that the physical environment, such as the residence and workplace, is a place for human life and some of its psychological effects are unknown. The purpose of this research is to explain the main effect of architecture on job satisfaction in workplace of workers. in this research, a mix method of quantitative and qualitative were used in form of a questionnaire and interview and the corresponding data is further analyzed by SPSS software and using Axial and open coding. 20 specialists were selected for interview and 450 Iranian employees were chosen randomly based on morgan table rspectively. Then the model was developed by using grounded theory and open, axial and selective coding. In the following, confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the validity of the items by SPSS software. The results demonstrated that indices such as environmental and physical ergonomics, visual contrast of space, environmental psychology, spatial separation of space, attention to voice and color are influential. Psychological comfort is an inevitable aspect of user satisfaction studies. These findings help designers, architects, planners, and facility managers to develop workplace design principles. This research can provide a novel insight into architects’ views of the primary design platform in office buildings which can fill the existing research gap.

Given the interdisciplinary processes of designing a natural habitat for the crew in an extraterrestrial space such as Mars, the creation of a livable space habitat, which is compatible with technological requirements, goals of scientific missions, and human factors, is a major challenge to space architects and engineers.Therefore, the present review study sought to detect and investigate the effective components of physical and environmental structures of the habitat design on Mars. According to the results, the human factor is considered the first important component in designs, and the main goal of all efforts is ultimately human travel and habitation in space. Besides, environmental components such as pressure, temperature, gravity, atmosphere, cosmic radiation, ice water, and seasonal and daily changes make humans comply with the most important technical issues in designing these habitats. Their types of structure and materials are important physical components that affect the space architecture of habitats on this red planet. According to the research findings, the use of materials from the surface of Mars or wind structures, the utilization of regoliths from the surface of Mars, or the chemical synthesis of carbon nanotubes, and also their construction in suitable places such as the crater of Hellas Planitia and lava tube caves are suggestions for the construction of a permanent habitat on Mars inspired by the proposed examples. Furthermore, combining existing options with new conditions such as installing wind structures in the protected space of caves can be a new approach to design and can be considered an intelligent option.

A descriptive-survey method was used in this study.The statistical population consists of selected green hotel customers in Iran and a European green hotel. Using the Cochran formula and considering the unlimited population size, 384 people were selected by convenience sampling It was selected from the customers of hotels in Iran and Austria. The data of the study was collected by distributing questionnaires among them, and their reliability and validity were also confirmed. Descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and PLS 3 Smart software were used for data analysis. According to the ANOVA test, the level of significance for brand loyalty, brand preference, purchase intention, awareness, advertising, and hotel customers' responses regarding the importance of environmental conservation differs between Iran and Europe, with a significance level less than 0.05 and ther are significant difference between domestic and foreign respondents and the average level of behavioral response and its components, ecological or environmental literacy among green hotel customers in Iran and Europe, differs. Based on the results of path analysis , the behavioral response variable has the highest correlation with the performance variable (path coefficient of 0.884), followed by the relationship between integrated marketing and corporate green image (path coefficient of 0.823) in second place and the relationship between behavioral Response and performance (path coefficient of 0.781) in third place. After these, the biggest positive relationship is observed between mixed marketing and performance (path coefficient of 0.721 ) and trust and behavioral response (path coefficient of 0.695).