Creative City Design
Volume:6 Issue: 3, Jul 2023

The performance of the building has been noticed in recent years, especially in the field of residential buildings. However, it is obvious that the evaluation systems are only in the design stage, and there is no important indicator to evaluate the real performance of the building quantitatively and qualitatively. Therefore, post-occupancy evaluation (POE) is an essential tool to measure whether buildings are designed to meet the needs of residents or not. Becasuse of this importance, the current study looks at which short-term, medium-term, and long-term residential complexes have the most satisfied residents based on POE components. Then, it looks at the overall satisfaction level of residential complexes with POE components. Additionally, it discusses which aspect of the POE is most significant to residents after residing in each of the time groups of residential complexes. This research is a variable-oriented comparative study. The size of the study sample in this research is 379 residents and the statistical population of the study was selected using the random cluster sampling method. The statistical method used in this research are regression model and confirmatory factor analysis. The result of the analysis showed that the overall satisfaction of all residents is equal to 0.41, which is equivalent to 41%. Also, the findings of the research indicate that the residents of short-term residential complexes have a higher level of residential satisfaction compared to long-term residential complexes. Meanwhile, the residential satisfaction of the residents of medium-term residential complexes was lower compared to the residents of long-term residential complexes. In other words, the residents of medium-term residential complexes had the lowest level of satisfaction compared to the two short-term and long-term groups.

The present research aimed to investigate the relationship between the canopy performance and the gable openings of the dome structure (Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque, Isfahan City) and considered the determinants of energy consumption and thermal comfort to provide a solution to improve thermal comfort and optimize energy consumption while using clean energy in ventilation. Modeling of different modes was performed with the help of Design Builder Energy Simulator software. Further, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was used to evaluate thermal performance. The parameters of the research included air velocity, relative humidity, dry air temperature, and amount of canopy protrusion. Based on the results, the lack of necessary facilities for natural ventilation led to uncomfortable conditions and lower air-flow circulation in the building, causing unfavorable thermal conditions for worshippers. Moreover, the total consumption of energy decreased by increasing the fixed-canopy protrusion amount (up to 1.5m). On the other hand, a higher amount (more than 1.5m) led to better conditions in warm months, but worse conditions were created and total energy consumption greatly increased in cold months. The research results indicated that as the protrusion of fixed canopies increased up to 1.5 meters, then the amount of total energy consumption also decreased. Furthermore, the protrusion of greater than 1.5 meters gently increased the total energy consumption. The thermal comfort index was more tolerable in hot months and a little more difficult in cold months.

Nowadays, there are different participatory citizen’s types in architectural design process, each of which is different from the other in terms of the type and user participation level. In general, participation types as a potential for better and more appropriate architecture are rarely used. They are either carried out casually and poorly planned, or remain at the stage of theoretical foundations, which only confirms prejudices about its ineffectiveness. Despite the fact that a whole horizontal and participatory tradition has been acknowledged in citizen's participatory ladder models historically, empirical research characterizes participatory ladders in the relevant literature. Despite this, there are not many studies that track participation, making it difficult to get a broad picture of participatory ladder models in practice. To further explain, the participatory ladder models type was studied, and the method of a systematic literature review procedure was employed to gain a thorough grasp of these models. Out of 528 articles, 61 were chosen and examined for this purpose. Following the 61 studies, findings show that participatory ladder models have been used in five general groups.  Studies are including ones on urban and regional planning, social participation, city, social learning, as well as participatory ladder models of evaluation and validation. Findings indicate that 12 categories make up 22 studies on urban and regional planning. Participatory city ladder models are the subject of 12 studies, social participation models are covered in 16 research, and social learning is covered in 5 studies. Participatory ladder models, including evaluation and validation models, also comprise 5 other investigations, and  the least amount of articles was allocated to the areas of "social learning" and "evaluation and validation," while the most articles were allocated to the area of "urban and regional planning," likely because participatory ladder models were used more frequently in this area. This comprehensive survey of the literature offers a good opportunity to start future studies on participatory design that makes use of participatory ladder models.

One of the characteristics of complex systems is their emergence. Samen district, as part of the central area of Mashhad, has been affected by the various urban development plans. The purpose of the current research is to identify the evolution of the effects of the renovation and improvement plans of Samen district, focusing on the role of the emergence of space in the occurrence of theft crimes. In this regard, by using the comparative-historical method, the evolution of the area has been investigated in recent years, and the effect of the layout of the area on committing theft in two time periods before and after the plans has been investigated. Documentary- and library-based studies are considered as the most important data collection tools in the current research. The data of geographic information system was used to measure the emergence of theft, and the data taken from Khorasan Razavi Police Office was used to check the amount of theft. For data analysis, depth map and Arcpro software have been used. The results of the research show an increase in integration in the new area, so that the permeability of the whole district has increased. This increase in integration has caused the distribution of thefts to be extended into neighborhoods, while in the old area, theft crimes mainly occurred in the main streets. Therefore, it can be stated that the changes that have occurred in the area have caused the appearance of "Inviting rather than Uninviting"characteristics.

Any activity, social action, and conversation for women require opportunities for being present in all social arenas. The collective arenas of residential complexes are the most important arenas that provide appropriate opportunities for activities and increase the personal and social capabilities of women. The suitable design of these arenas according to attitudes and needs by overcoming barriers to attendance provides a suitable context for social participation, increasing social capital, and empowerment of women. The present research investigated the effect of architectural space on the social empowerment of women in collective arenas of residential complexes. The research aimed to answer the question of how the improvement of the spatial quality of residential collective arenas is effective in the social empowerment of women. To this end, the research was conducted in three stages: First, the content analysis of social sciences based on women's social empowerment. At this stage, the two factors, increasing the social capital of women and being in the public space, were the most important factors in the social empowerment of women; second, the modeling of factors obtained from the factor analysis of the users' questionnaires, in which the statistical population consisted of 200 women living in four residential complexes in Tabriz City. Based on the results of this stage, the architectural design of cultural and religious spaces in residential complexes was a physical-environmental factor that created and expanded many communication networks leading to higher social capital of women and space presentability for them. Third, the comparison of results obtained from previous stages of the research. The final model indicated that effective environmental factors in improving the spatial utility of residential collective arenas(play effective roles in increasing the social capital of women and space presentability and they were the main components of women's social empowerment (based on the results of the first stage). Therefore, improving the spatial utility of the collective arenas of residential complexes by increasing the social capital of women and their presence in collective arenas is effective in women's social empowerment.

The subject of concept as an important part of the design process in the architecture industry has been always interested in domestic and foreign architecture researcher and literature. Therefore, in this study, with using a descriptive-analytical methods and AHP mathematical technique, the process of creating a concept and its difference with synonyms was examined and the methods of creating concepts in architecture, identifying and with pairwise comparisons by a sample of 25 experts, the importance of each of them has been determined through a field study. The results of the investigations in the first phase of the study show that there are eight methods for creating a concept. Therefore, creating a concept may be done whit using by one methods of analogy, metaphor, experience, symbolism, context, Scheme, and scenario.The second phase of the study, which was also conducted by performing paired comparisons and ranking analysis, shows that from the experts opinion, there is almost a similarity in importance of using concept methods in commercial and office complexes, and three methods of Analogy, Metaphor and Theme have more weight and importance. In residential complexes, unlike concept creation in office and commercial complexes, the context method has the most importance and weight. In these complexes, the metaphor method is also important as in administrative and commercial complexes and is among the first three most important methods.

Housing is one of the essential needs of human beings; therefore, efficient planning and policy-making to provide it for all of society are very necessary. The housing policy-making after the iran's revolution has had major differences, and various orientations. According to housing experts, these efforts have been sometimes successful and generally failed and have had a significant effect on the supply and demand of housing in the country. Therefore, the main issue is the ineffectiveness of some of these policies in providing housing during the revolution until now. The purpose of the essay was to do a comparative study of the land and housing policies in the iran's development plans and to determine their effectiveness according to the statistical data on housing in certain period[1]s after the revolution. A comparative study with a mixed (quantitative and qualitative) approach has been considered to achieve this purpose. In order to collect data, non-reactive measures and documentary methods have been used. For analysis, the concepts extracted from these texts, have been coded, classified, and organized under categories and subcategories. Then, they have been qualitatively compared over five-year periods. In the next step, a comparative study between quantitative housing data was done in the same periods. Finally, using the TOPSIS model, these plans have been ranked based on efficiency. The results show that the fifth economic, social and cultural development plan has the most efficient policies. On the contrary, the sixth plan is considered the most ineffective development plan since the iran's revolution.