نشریه خانواده و بهداشت
سال سیزدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 37، تابستان 1402)

Acceptance and commitment therapy is one of the third generation behavioral therapies in the field of mental health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on mental health and rumination of mothers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. The statistical population included all mothers with children with special needs in Hamadan city. In a semi-experimental design, 14 participants were randomly selected from patients and randomly divided into 2 intervention and control groups. Psychological evaluation included an interview with a clinical psychologist and the completion of Beck's anxiety and depression questionnaires and rumination response scale. The indices of mental health and rumination were collected at three points before the intervention sessions, after the intervention and 3 weeks after the end of the sessions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and mixed variance analysis test. The findings showed that the indicators of mental health (anxiety, depression) and rumination decreased significantly after the intervention in the way of acceptance and commitment and in the follow-up period. Therefore, acceptance and commitment therapy has been effective in treating anxiety, depression and rumination in mothers of children with children with neurodevelopmental disorders. The results emphasize the importance of using these interventions in the mental health and rumination of mothers of children with effective neurodevelopmental disorders and providing a new horizon in the clinical interventions of patients.

Abstract Considering the high prevalence and negative effects of borderline personality disorders on the affected person and the society, the importance of knowing more about this disorder and identifying the factors and predicting variables of these disorders is felt. The present study was conducted with the aim of predicting alexithymia based on primary maladaptive schemas with the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in patients with borderline personality disorder. It is an applied, cross-sectional, quantitative and descriptive correlational study. The statistical population was patients with borderline personality disorder Who Referred to counseling centers in Hamedan city from February 2022 to the end of May 2022. Based on the formula of Fidel and Tabachnig (2007), the sample was 107 people and increased to 120 people as a precaution. The sampling method was available and targeted. The research tools were three alexithymia questionnaires by Bagby, Parker and Taylor (1994), Yang's primary maladaptive schemas (1999) and Garnevsky and Kraij's (2006) cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Path analysis method was used to test the hypothesis. The results showed that the gamma pathway is significant in the field of cut and rejection, impaired self-management and performance, and excessive tinnitus/inhibition to alexithymia. The gamma path from impaired limitations to mediating variables of positive emotional regulation and the gamma path from cut and rejection, impaired limitations and other orientations to mediating variables of negative emotional regulation are significant. The beta pathway from positive emotional regulation pathway as well as negative emotional regulation pathway is significant to alexithymia. Early maladaptive schemas and negative emotion regulation strategies can cause alexithymia in people with borderline personality disorder.Keywords: Alexithymia, Primary Maladaptive Schemas, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies, Borderline Personality Disorder

Abstract  Considering the many problems faced by mothers of children with hearing impairment and their vulnerability and emotional disorders, the need for research on the factors influencing the emotional regulation of this group of mothers in order to formulate effective intervention solutions seems necessary. The distinctive feature of this research is that it was conducted based on the main concerns of the audience of the program, i.e. mothers of deaf children, which can be understood and explain the experiences of mothers of deaf children.Research The current research method was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The qualitative method was a phenomenological method that analyzed the lived experiences of mothers. The current research was quantitative in terms of purpose, practical in terms of the way of collecting information, a quasi-experimental experiment, with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part included all mothers with children with hearing loss in the cities of Sari and Miandorud. In the qualitative part, the purposeful sampling method was used until data saturation. The sampling method in the quantitative part was such that the number of 30 mothers with deaf children available, whose children studied in special education schools, were selected and then divided into two experimental groups (number of 15 people) and control group (15 people) were randomly divided. The research tool in the quantitative part was the emotion regulation questionnaire of Gratz and Romer (2004). The face and content validity of the said questionnaire was confirmed after the approval of ten professors in the field of psychology and measurement, and its reliability was calculated using the Cronbach's alpha method of 0.93. For data analysis SPSS 26 software was used. In the qualitative part, after an unstructured interview of mothers with children with hearing loss about their experiences in parenting their children, the corresponding protocol was formed and developed. According to the statistical results, there is a significant difference between the two experimental groups and the control group in the emotion regulation variable (sig=0.000, F=849/541). The method of parenting program training interventions based on the lived experiences of mothers with children with hearing impairment has an effect on emotion regulation.

Abstract Elders population increase can be considered a crisis. Retirement and limitations in social activities are problems encountered by the elderly. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between social participation and life expectancy among the elderly in Amol city. This study follows a descriptive-analytic design in a cross-sectional framework. The population of the study contains the elderly over 60 years of age under the coverage of Amol city (Mazandaran-Iran) health and treatment centers. A sample of 450 members was selected via multi-phases cluster random method. Snider’s social support and life expectancy questionnaires were used to measure the variables of the study. The data were analyzed via running descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation-coefficient, Regression and T-test. In the present study, the regression coefficient of social participation was significant with life hopefulness at the level of 0.01 (β=0.332, P=0.001). Further, the results of the regression analysis demonstrated that social participation could have the capacity to anticipate life expectancy among the elderly. The results also indicated that there was a significant difference between male and female participants in terms of social participants as well as life expectancy i.e. social participation and life expectancy were higher in male participants than in female counterparts. The results of the present showed that an increase in social participation could enhance life expectancy among the elderly; and as a result, provide them with a high-quality living. Regarding the importance of the elders’ heath, it is suggested that more opportunities be dedicated to the facilitation of social participation among the elderly.

Parental stress is a cultural interplay and is subject to specific family and living conditions. Also, parental stress interacts with warmth, affection, and intimacy in parent-child relationships. Attachment-based intervention is a relationship-based approach that strengthens the child-parent relationship. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of attachment-based intervention training on reducing parental stress in mothers of primary school boys.Research The statistical population of this quasi-experimental study was male students of elementary school (first grade), district 4 of education in Tehran, who were studying in the academic year of 2019. For this purpose, the mothers of 300 students responded to the Parental Stress Questionnaire (Abidin Short Form, 1983). Then, among the mothers who had high parental stress according to the questionnaire (the criteria for entering the study were mothers who had a standard deviation above the mean of the parental stress questionnaire), 30 mothers were selected by available sampling method and They were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control (15 patients in each group). Ten sessions of attachment-based intervention (including four 120-minute group sessions and six 60-minute individual sessions) were administered to the intervention group and the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis and time series design. The results showed that parental stress in mothers of intervention group in all three domains of parental disturbance, dysfunctional parent-child interaction and difficult child had significant decrease. According to the components of attachment-based intervention, it can be concluded that increasing maternal sensitivity and improving the pattern of mother-child relationship, increasing the sense of maternal competence in solving problems and their parental role, reduce parental stress in mothers.

Based on the large number of infertile couples and their family, personal, social, etc. problems, this research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of two emotion-oriented approaches and schema therapy, the intervention of two effective approaches on control and life satisfaction of infertile women. The research method was semi-experimental, which was implemented with two experimental groups, a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a one-month follow-up. From the statistical population of infertile women in Milad Infertility Center of Mashhad, 45 people were selected as available and were randomly selected in three groups of 15 people. The instrument used in this research was the control questionnaire and the life satisfaction questionnaire of Diener answered in the pre-test. Then, each of the experimental groups participated in eight 90-minute sessions with an emotion-oriented approach and schema therapy, and the control group did not receive any intervention. After the meeting, the questionnaires were answered again. The data were analyzed using SPSS-26 software and covariance analysis method. The findings of the research showed that in the post-test and follow-up stages, there is a significant difference between the experimental groups, the emotion-oriented approach and the schema-therapy approach with the control group. The results of repeated measurement analysis showed that both emotion-oriented therapy and schema therapy are effective in increasing life satisfaction and reducing control (p < 0.001). paired results showed the effectiveness of the schema therapy approach the emotion-oriented approach has had a greater effect on women's control and the emotion-oriented approach has worked better on life satisfaction.

Religion and spirituality act as a shield against people's problems and discomforts and reduce mental disorders and improve people's mental health. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between the Islamic lifestyle of parents and the moral development of male students in the east of Tehran. Done.Research The current research was of a descriptive-correlation type. The statistical population included all male students in the eastern region of Tehran and their parents in 1401. The statistical sample included 250 people and was done by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The research tools included Kaviani's Islamic lifestyle test (short form) (1388) and Lotfabadi's scale of moral development of children, adolescents and youth (1390). The results of Pearson's correlation test and multivariate regression showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between the Islamic lifestyle of parents and the moral development of their sons. Between the Islamic lifestyle of parents and the components of their child's moral development; Environmental ethics, personal ethics, ethics in family relationships, social ethics and human ethics have not been observed significant correlation. However, there is a positive and significant correlation between the Islamic lifestyle of parents and the superior morals of male children. Based on the findings of Mata'ah, it can be said that with the increase in the level and level of the Islamic lifestyle of parents, the level and level of moral excellence in their male children increases and improves.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of group training based on the solution-oriented approach on attachment styles in women who have experienced emotional divorce.Research The purpose of this research was practical, and in terms of method, it was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The statistical population of the research included women who had an emotional divorce in 2022, and 30 of them were selected by available sampling method and answered the questionnaire on attachment style for pre-test and post-test. The experimental group received eight 65-minute sessions of Grant's solution-oriented therapy (2011). Data were analyzed by multivariate covariance statistical method. It showed that the group training based on the solution-oriented approach on the attachment styles of women with emotional divorce in the experimental group was effective (p<0.05). The findings of the current research indicated that solution-oriented therapy using techniques such as emotional control in intimate relationships, giving credit to the spouse's various experiences, identifying therapeutic potentials and encouraging autonomy, focusing on finding solutions and identifying denied needs can be an efficient method to improve The attachment styles of women with emotional divorce should be used. In this regard, it is suggested to use other intervention-based approaches to treat attachment styles in women who have experienced emotional divorce.

The health of the family depends on the psychological health of the couple. Having high degrees of resilience, emotional intelligence and emotional expressiveness of couples plays an important role in emotional interactions and cohesion of married life. Various treatments have been investigated to improve the level of resilience, emotional intelligence and emotional expressiveness, many of which have not been associated with positive results, and it is still one of the main problems of couples related to such issues. It is based on this, the aim of the present research was to investigate the effectiveness of emotional couple therapy on resilience, emotional intelligence, and emotional expression of couples covered by the welfare of Khorram Abad city.Research The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with an unequal control group, and the statistical population of this research was all couples covered by the welfare of Khorram Abad city, who referred to Khorram Abad welfare office during the years 1400-1401, and the sample It included 45 couples (30 couples for the experimental group and 15 couples for the control group), which were selected using available sampling method. Then, the members of the experimental group underwent emotion-oriented therapy for 10 sessions, and the control group did not receive any therapy. Research tools included resilience questionnaires by Conner and Davidson, emotional intelligence by Goleman (1998) and emotional expressiveness by King and Emmons. The emotion-oriented couple therapy protocol taken from Johnson's couple therapy book was also considered as a therapeutic intervention method. The type of statistical method of this research was multivariate covariance analysis. The findings showed that emotional couple therapy increases the resilience, emotional intelligence and emotional expressiveness of couples (p<0.05). The result is that emotion-oriented couple therapy is effective on couples' resilience, emotional intelligence, and emotional expressiveness, and as a suitable treatment method for improving marital relationships, especially issues based on emotions. It is recommended in psychotherapy and counseling centers, but the generalization of the results to other societies requires a more detailed and in-depth study.

obesity has become a serious concern for public health, which will lead to many risk factors; The main purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of life skills on tolerance of failure, marital heartbreak and irritability in obese people.Research

The design of this semi-experimental research was of pre-test-post-test type. The statistical population of this research included all obese people referred to obesity clinic of Ghadir Mother and Child Hospital, simple random sampling method was selected and these people were randomly assigned to two control groups (30 people) and experiment (30 people) was assigned. For the experimental group, 10 sessions (60 minutes each session) of the life skills training course were conducted to collect information from Harrington's frustration tolerance questionnaires and Bass and Plomin's irritability questionnaires. The data were analyzed by multivariate covariance analysis and spss version 26 software.

The results indicated that the significance level of the statistical test of multivariate covariance analysis is smaller than the significance level (0.05); Therefore, there is a significant difference between failure tolerance and irritability of the two groups in the post-test phase, in other words, life skills training has a significant effect on improving failure tolerance and irritability in obese people.

Therefore, teaching life skills by improving and increasing failure tolerance of obese people can make them feel less frustrated and lonely. These people can have more control over their anger and stress and are able to share their needs, desires and interests with others.

Some mental health practitioners use the term psychological distress to describe various symptoms and experiences in a person's inner life that are usually disturbing, confusing, or unusual. And it is used to describe a person with a combination of symptoms of depression, anxiety and, stress. Psychological distress can severely destroy interpersonal relationships, because these people raise more tension while interacting with their spouses, children, and friends. The current research aims to examine the conducted studies on psychological distress using the qualitative meta-inductive approach. Research

This method includes seven steps that systematically evaluate and analyze the findings of previous studies. Therefore, the results of previous researches have been collected and analyzed from domestic references during the years 2016 to 2022. In the current research, we studied 73 valid scientific papers to design a model of affected factors by psychological distress. We excluded some of the papers due to their incompatibility with the dimensions of psychological distress.

After an initial review, the results led to 102 codes. After exploring the sub-fields, 16 main fields were obtained, which are: background variables, emotions, neurotic states, disorders, family status, quality of couple relationships, diseases, medical services, Covid-19, religious attitudes, and social, cultural, educational and economic status, drug abuse, and control impulses. Also, one can highlight the most notable components based on their repetition: anxiety, depression, stress, domestic violence, various diseases, personality disorder, etc. Indeed, nowadays life is stressful; and due to various social, economic reasons and various physical and mental illnesses, people suffer from psychological distress.

Psychological distress can severely destroy interpersonal relationships because these people experience more tension with those around them.