فصلنامه رسانه
سال سی و چهارم شماره 2 (پیاپی 131، تابستان 1402)

In their role as news disseminators, the media are not a mirror reflection of events and the reality of the social and political world, but rather they are the creators of social and political realities and give existence to people's perception of the world around them. In preparing news, in addition to selecting data, they make it meaningful based on established formats. The main goal of the current research is to cover the death of the Queen of England in the domestic (FARS and ISNA) and foreign (BBC website) media. In order to achieve the main goal of the current research, theories of representation and framing and the method of critical discourse analysis with Van Dyck's approach have been used. From each of these media, two texts have been selected as samples, and after determining the positive and negative propositions, polarization of self and other, presupposition, association and insinuation in the texts, it was determined that the two main discourses in the context of the death of the Queen of England can be separated from each other.
First of all, any talk about Queen Elizabeth’s death refers to the role of the institution of the monarchy in England, so on one side of the spectrum are the foreign media, with an emphasis on BBC Persian, who consider the institution of the monarchy in England to be a ceremonial and powerless institution whose only function is to preserve the unity of the society and to be a symbol of the nation. In contrast to this discourse, there is the discourse of domestic news agencies such as FARS and ISNA, which do not consider the institution of the monarchy in England as ceremonial and regard it as the cause of all the crises and wars the British government has launched in different periods.

progress of societies, it is necessary to pay attention to policies in these areas. The present study aims to evaluate media policies in Iran. This study is applied in terms of purpose and documentary-analytical in terms of method. This paper with a policy research approach, seeks to identify media related institutions, and the role of each of them in the police documents of Iran, the position of the rules and laws media. The findings of this study indicate that the media area is reflected in the policy documents in different ways. In the study of institutions involved in the media area, 21 cases were identified, the role and position of each of them is different. In the media area, several laws, regulations and rules have been enacted. The media policy model in Iran should be changed from the current top to the bottom to a participatory model. In addition, designing a system for monitoring programs and policies and developing indicators that can assess the effectiveness of these policies should also be on the agenda of policy makers in this area.

Since one of the most important goals of companies is to spend exorbitant costs to advertise the purchase intent, and especially given the differences in research findings on the impact of advertising on the purchase intent, the purpose of this study is a systematic review of studies and a meta-analysis of the research conducted in this field. This work is a correlational study according to method and applied development research in terms of purpose, which is done in two steps: a systematic review of studies and meta-analysis using CMA software version 2. Taking into account the scientific criteria for screening the articles at the end of the first step, the study of 12 articles with the greatest relevance to the research objectives showed the effect of advertising on purchase intent with an impact factor of 0.563 in the confidence and large range and according to the size. The combined effect of the random effects model of the relationship between the advertising and purchase intent is different from the perspective of the characteristics of the studies conducted in different statistical communities. This study, by emphasizing one of the most ambiguous concepts from the perspective of many decision-makers on makers of companies' marketing budgets, has been able to be a beacon for the right decision in the field of advertising and attention to the most important factors affecting the effectiveness of advertising in public media.

The study of the various effects and consequences of Internet dependence has been the core of many recent studies and it seems that Internet dependence also affects the variable of trust. Therefore, the present study was designed and conducted to investigate the comparison of social trust among Internet-dependent students with non-Internet-dependent students. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and comparative in terms of method and has been done with survey technique and questionnaire measurement tool. For this purpose, a sample of 400 students out of a total of 282515 students were selected during the school year 2019. Participants were surveyed through two scales, one relating to “social trust” that comprised the five components of honesty, openness, willingness to cooperate, confidence and trust and the other assessing dependence to internet chatting by Young … that comprised 8 items.The results of independent t-test and Spearman rank correlation coefficient in the study showed that the overall status of social trust of the studied students was above average with an average of 3.38 and the studied students were 31.2% (or average of 2.44 out of 8) dependent on the Internet. According to the research findings, there is a significant difference in trust and honesty of social trust indicators between Internet-dependent and non-Internet-dependent students (p <0.05). Findings indicate that there is a significant difference between male and female students only in trusting the indicators of social trust (p <0.05), trust in male students was higher. According to the research findings, with increasing internet dependence, students' willingness to cooperate and honesty decreases. There is a negative and significant relationship between the degree of Internet dependence and the age and educational level of students. According to the research findings, the level of social trust among Internet-dependent students is different from independent students and social trust is weaker in the indicators of trust and honesty in Internet-dependent students. And attention, planning, and action are needed to control and reduce Internet dependence and its negative consequences on social trust.

Virtual social networks have made significant changes in people's communication and this has many economic, social and political implications. The aim of this study was analysis of the effects of social networks on rural users in Khuzestan Province (Kut Abdullah District). The main tool for data collection in this study was a questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by faculty members and experts related to the subject. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to evaluate the reliability of the research instrument. Acceptable results were obtained for different parts of the questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was people who have access to social networks and live in the Distric of Kut Abdullah, two villages were randomly selected 133 people were selected using the Cochran's formula as a sample for the study. this research has been conducted by descriptive-analytical method and Lisrel 8.8 and SPSS23 software used for statistical tests. The results of the research show that the use of social networks has affected socio-cultural, economic, and political structures and individual performances. Examining the fitness indices shows that the measurement model has a suitable and acceptable fitness.

Social health is a type of mental and individual health that if realized in the community, citizens have a motivation and a happy spirit, and ultimately the community will be happy and healthy. In fact, healthy living involves social interaction between individual choices on the one hand and the social and economic environment that surrounds individuals on the other.
The purpose of this study is to answer the question of what role the audio media plays in the social health of Tehran citizens. For this purpose, the variables of audio media and social health, among the citizens of Tehran city, have been measured using the survey method and Keyes's Social Well-Being Questionnaire (KSWBQ) by means of the multi-stage cluster sampling method.
The aim of this research is to answer the question, what is the role of audio media in the social health of Tehrani citizens? For this purpose, the variables of listening media and social health, among the citizens of Tehran city, have been measured using the survey method and the use of the researcher-made listening media questionnaire and Keyes's Social Well-Being Questionnaire (KSWBQ) using the multi-stage cluster sampling method.
The results show that there is a consistent and significant relationship between ‘duration’ of using audio media and increasing the level of social health of Tehran citizens in the study sample. Of course, the duration of using the audio media does not necessarily increase the level of social health, but " The level of "learning" and "how to inform" the media, when combined with confidence in the media, will be effective in improving the level of social health of respondents

The current research has investigated the use of conceptual metaphors by the presenters of sports programs on Iranian TV.For this purpose, 18 sports programs aired in the second half of 1400 were randomly selected and analyzed. These programs included ‘Sports and People’ on Channe l ‘Top Footbal’l on Channel III, Football Nights, Technical Staff, 2020. ‘Like Always’ and Koohghasht program from Sports Channel, according to the method and metaphor recognition process of Praglajaz group (2007), 226 conceptual metaphors were recognized in them. The obtained results showed that the presenters used metaphors related to battle (33.63 percent), metaphors related to mechanical tools (21.24 percent), metaphors related to nature (17.26 percent), and metaphors related to politics (11.95 percent) to conceptualize sports. Also, the presenters of Sima's sports programs try to present the concepts to their audience better and more eloquently by using conceptual metaphors.

Today, the audio book has come to the aid of contemporary man. Therefore, it should act as an independent media. The new media must present a new narrative. Here the importance of the author of the audiobook becomes clear.
This research was conducted with the qualitative content analysis method and case study according to the theory of Linda Hutchen. Hatchen expands the scope of adaptation studies, and abandons the linear and hierarchical relationship of adaptation and proposes a new model called intertextuality. Hatchen removes the issue of valuation from the subject of adaptation and sees adaptation not as a final product that happened, but as a process.
It seems that the experiences of radio media are helpful for audio book production. Therefore, the audio book achieves a more thoughtful position.
Adaptation is a category that has entered the literary, artistic and media fields, and audio books have tremendous capacities in this field. Adaptation takes place at different levels. In other words, adaptation happens in the first place by changing the material, because it is a process that takes place from one medium to another. So it can go further. Also, the audio book must be recreated in order to attract the audience and maintain its position.
The author of the audio adaptation recreates with the flight of his imagination in line with the plot. The basis of creativity is imagination. The recreated work is an independent and fresh work. When music and effects are added to the audiobook, the effect automatically takes on the color of adaptation. As a result, the adaptation runs throughout the audiobook, from the beginning to the end.

Tourism communication includes an important part of establishing a cultural relationship between tourists and the host society. Because tourism communication plays a major role in cultural exchanges and familiarity with the lifestyle of nations. Another effective factor in today's tourism is the world. Therefore, the establishment of intercultural interactions between the residents of the host region and tourists is one of the issues of interest in this field. The current research, by adopting a qualitative approach, describes how to find meaning in the cultural consequences of communication, with an emphasis on the development of tourism. The method of this research is grounded theory with a qualitative approach. This method provides the possibility of in-depth study of phenomena in their real context. In order to implement the grounded theory method, a semi-structured interview was used to collect data. The work process was such that after many studies and reviews and the benefit of the consultants, the final interview questions and interviews began and continued until data saturation (20 people). According to the findings, it can be concluded that in Kong society with the development of tourism, the understanding of the meaning of the cultural consequences of the communication between the tourist and the host has been done correctly by the local community and they have interpreted the meaning in a way that puts them on the right path.

to the existence of non-aligned and user-oriented media, virtual space and the formation of platform society. In order to remain in the media consumption basket of its audience, this media is inevitable to revise its news structure according to the new media arrangement. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the important and required components of the IRIB News Department and Structure present the ideal model of the structure of the News Department, considering the new media arrangement.
This research was conducted with qualitative research method and using semi-structured interview tool. After interviewing 12 experts in the field of news in a targeted manner and content analysis; 81 codes, 21 concepts and 8 main categories including “technology strategy, financial and human resources, level of formality, concentration, horizontal and vertical complexity” were extracted as the most important sub-components of the organizational structure. Then, these concepts along with 15 concepts derived from documentary studies were assigned to 36 items of the questionnaire for carrying out Delphi steps among 25 people from the panel of experts. The results obtained from the three Delphi steps were the extraction of 28 items with an average above 70 percent, which were evaluated with the sign and Wilcoxon tests. “News reference, media convergence and synergy, agile and flexible structure, professional and specialized newsroom, deterrent and aggressive strategy, and stable financial resources” are among the results of this research, which have been suggested in the ideal model of the organizational structure of the IRIB News Department in the current media space.