مجله طب سنتی اسلام و ایران
سال چهاردهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 53، بهار 1402)

Fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition in which triglyceride accumulates in liver cells of a person without a history of alcohol consumption, and is considered one of the main causes of cryptogenic cirrhosis and chronic liver disease. Currently, there is no treatment other than lifestyle changes. In spite of the progress in synthetic drugs, antioxidant therapy and the use of herbal medicines can help improve steatosis and inflammation to a great extent due to their availability. Therefore, herbal medicines seem very attractive for the effective management of this disease. Due to the high prevalence of this disease, the present study has been designed to investigate and report non-alcoholic fatty liver treatments.

In this review study, English and Persian articles were searched with keywords such as liver, herbal medicines, non-alcoholic fatty liver, antioxidant with Boolean operators including AND and OR from January 2016 to the end of February 2021. Published articles were searched in the scientific databases including Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Embase and SID. Thirty-six articles were initially obtained. Nine articles were excluded due to the lack of relevance to the subject and results, and finally 27 articles were included in the study.

Based on the results of this study, it was found that medicinal plants play a role in improving non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through several mechanisms such as increasing the metabolism of fats, increasing the synthesis of bile acids, and reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.

Plant polyphenols and antioxidants can be used as medicine to prevent liver steatosis due to their antioxidant properties, as well as therapeutic and protective effects. The results of the present study show that possessing multiple biochemical mechanisms, natural compounds have the ability to affect the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Thus, conducting further studies is recommended.

Customer satisfaction with service delivery is one of the evaluation methods that needs to be assessed periodically in every organization. The present study was conducted to investigate patient satisfaction with the services provided in the Persian medicine clinic of Iran University of Medical Sciences.

A total of 280 patients referred to the Persian medicine clinic of Iran University of Medical Sciences (Dec 2021-March 2022) were selected by convenient method and completed the Persian version of the PSQ-18 questionnaire. Data were described and analyzed by SPSS software.

The mean± standard deviation age of the sample was 39.66 (±12.51) years and 176 (62.6%) were female. The most common causes of patient dissatisfaction were the high cost of medications, and the long waiting time. Proper behavior of physicians and the staffs of the clinic, complete examination and spending time for patients were some of the positive points that a large percentage of patients mentioned. In addition, an increase in the score of satisfaction was observed in all domains compared with the previous study in 2013.

The results of the present study showed an appropriate level of client satisfaction in all domains of service delivery in this clinic, and its promotion compared with the previous study.

Sexual attitude and knowledge, as important factors in marital relations, are subject to several factors. One of these factors is the lifestyle, which is dependent on temperament (Mizaj), and temperament itself is subject to mental and emotional states. In addition, physical activity can affect lifestyle habits. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between sexual attitude and knowledge, and temperament and physical activity level.

This research used a descriptive-comparative method that examined the relationship between sexual attitude and knowledge and type temperament (warm, cold, wet, and dry) and the level of physical activity in married young non-athletes. The sample size was 285 individuals, which were divided into two groups: warm/cold and wet/dry. Temperament classification of the subjects was performed through a temperament diagnosis questionnaire. The sexual attitude and knowledge of participants was evaluated via the SKAS questionnaire, and the level of physical activity was assessed via the Beck questionnaire. Considering the normality of the data distribution, the correlation of the variables was investigated by the Pearson test.

Based on the obtained results, there was a significant positive correlation between warmth and coldness of temperament and sexual attitude (p=0.0001) and sexual knowledge (p=0.00001), as well as dryness and wetness of temperament and sexual attitude (p=0.0001) Moreover, the level of physical activity and sexual attitude (p=0.005) were significantly related, while no significant correlation was observed between sexual knowledge and wetness/dryness of temperament (p<0.05). Also, no significant correlation (p>0.05) was observed between the level of physical activity and sexual knowledge.

Temperament and level of physical activity can be effective factors in increasing attitude and knowledge of sex. Accordingly, higher temperament scores in terms of warmness and dryness and the amount of physical activity of a person, will help to enhance sexual attitude and knowledge.

Ethnobotany is a branch of traditional knowledge that deals with the recognition of the role of the plants of a region in the knowledge of the indigenous people of that region, and in fact, it is the recovery of unwritten traditions that are in danger of being destroyed. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the medicinal plants of Iranshahr region and to use the knowledge and experience of local people to introduce the properties and unknown aspects of the medicinal plants in question. This study was conducted by identifying the medicinal species of Iranshahr region of Sistan and Baluchestan Province and introducing their traditional uses.

This study was conducted in Iranshahr city from April to September 2021, studying beliefs, popular information and documentary studies of medicinal plants via interviews with local people. By determining the importance of medicinal species and showing the homogeneity of information, two methods including use value (UV) and informant consensus factor (ICF) were used.

In this research, 71 species of 35 plant families were identified. Among the identified medicinal plants species, cinnamon and thyme had the highest use value (UV). The highest consensus of the informants (IFC) was in the group of sore throat (0.1) and leg pain (0.1), followed by toothache (0.84) and gynecological diseases (0.84).

Registered plants are mainly used to treat infectious problems, pain, gynecological diseases. kidney diseases and diabetes. Existence of 71 species of medicinal plants in Iranshahr shows the richness of this region in terms of medicinal plants, and knowledge of these local treatments can be a strategy to achieve new medicinal uses and development of new drugs.

Melancholia was introduced by physicians of the Islamic civilization period (4-7 A.H.) as a brain disorder in which thoughts and opinions change from their natural path towards corruption and fear. This research was a library study, investigating and classifying the definition, types, causes and symptoms of all types of melancholia based on the description of this disease in the books of physicians who had a special chapter on the subject of melancholia during 4th to 7th A.H.. Books authored by physicians including Rhazes, Kashkari, Akhawyni Bokhari, Qumri, Haly Abbas, Zahrawi, Avicenna, Jurjani, Baghdadi and Ibn al-Nafis as well as Noor Comprehensive Traditional Medicine Software and Irandoc, SID, MagIran, Google Scholar, Scopus databases were used to conduct this research. According to the physicians of this period, melancholia disorder is caused by the increase of normal or abnormal black bile in the brain or other body organs. Accordingly,  these physicians have divided melancholia into types of cerebral melancholia and shared melancholia, and have described causes and symptoms for each type.

Manuscripts are considered as one of the cultural-historical worthy works and the main elements of cultural identity of every culture and country. Investigating these works brings about enrichment of cultural, historical and scientific backgrounds. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to introduce the Ottoman territory Iranian physician Hilmi al-Amasi and his work, the medical manuscript of Golshan Ziba. This study was conducted by library method and literature review. Initially, the biography of Hilmi al-Amasi was studied using first-hand sources and manuscripts. Subsequently, the structure and content of the medical manuscript Golshan Ziba were investigated and extracted. Hilmi al-Amasi is a lexicographer, jurist, and poet of the 9th century in Ottoman realm. He was educated by Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu and wrote compilations in Turkish, Arabic and Persian languages and he offered the Golshan Ziba medical poetic to Fatih Sultan Mehmed. In this work, Hilmi has mentioned Iranian physicians such as Ali ibn al-Abbas al-Ahvazi, Abu al-Hasan al-Tabari al-Taranji, and Najib ad-Din Samarqandi. It seems that Hilmi al-Amasi has had enough medical and literary knowledge to compose this book.

This research has endeavored to examine the performance and character of the pioneer professor of Isfahan Faculty of Pharmacy, Dr. Fariborz Moattar, to acknowledge characteristics of the model professor and their roots, and to introduce them to students, the young generation of university professors, and educational policymakers. The study method in this research is based on a review of available documents (books, academic resume, theses, pictures, etc.) and interviews with the professor, his former students and colleagues. The results were arranged and are discussed as follows: background; teaching model; discipleship (model of attracting students; trust in students, instilling self-confidence in students; kindness and benevolence for students; patience in tensions and practical maintenance of university dignity; practical training of respect for professors, students and personnel; operationalization of research results in the field of production); relationship with academic colleagues; inheritance of predecessors with foresight; and the school of medicinal plants and Pharmacognosy. It is hoped such studies will lead to revision and updating of the format of professorships based on the basic missions of the university, such as discipleship, education responsive to the needs of society, and special attention to ethical character and in general, a mentor and virtuous professor.