نشریه پرستاری و مامایی ارومیه
سال بیست و یکم شماره 7 (پیاپی 168، مهر 1402)

Concerning the determining role of health care professions in patient care and safety and the effects of interaction and collaboration between related professions on improving the quality and quantity of care and improving service to patients, this study was conducted to determine the correlation between moral sensitivity and interprofessional collaboration in 2023.

This is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional-correlation design. The sampling was done by simple random method and included 150 nurses working in teaching hospitals affiliated with Tehran Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences. Inclusion criteria were the ability to speak Persian, mental health, absence of stressful issues in the last six months, and willingness to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria were lack of satisfaction to continue cooperation and failure to complete the questionnaire. Data were collected using nurses' moral sensitivity questionnaire (Lützén et al. 1994) and the Jefferson Scale of Attitudes toward Physician-Nurse Collaboration (Jefferson 2001). Face and content validity methods were used to validate the instruments, and Cronbach's alpha was used for reliability. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation tests.

The results showed that 82.67% of nurses had high moral sensitivity, and 81.33% had a lot of interprofessional collaboration. There was also no significant statistical relationship between nurses' moral sensitivity score and interprofessional collaboration (p=0.125).

Considering the positive and undeniable effects of moral sensitivity and interprofessional collaboration in nursing care, developing professional training in this field can affect the quality of nursing care, increase patient satisfaction, and reduce medical errors.

Among the critical groups providing services to patients are their family members, relatives, and friends in the breast cancer treatment process. The care provided by family caregivers effectively increases these patients' survival. On the other hand, caregiving burnout also imposes exhausting pressure on caregivers' bodies, minds, and power and negatively impacts their caring role. This study aimed to investigate the effect of patient care education delivered through WhatsApp messenger on the resilience of family caregivers of breast cancer patients in Urmia medical training centers in 2022.

This research was a semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design conducted on 60 family caregivers of breast cancer patients in Urmia City. The samples were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two control and test groups. Data collection tools were demographic information questionnaires and Connor Davidson's resilience questionnaire. Finally, the data was analyzed using SPSS ver.22 statistical software. The significance level was less than 0.05.

There was no significant difference in resilience mean scores between control and intervention groups before the intervention (p>0.05). However, there was a significant difference in resilience mean scores of the two groups after the intervention (p<0.05), with higher resilience mean scores in the intervention group than in the control group.

This study showed that virtual training through social networks such as WhatsApp can increase the resilience of family caregivers of people with cancer. Therefore, considering the importance of educational interventions in improving the health level of patients and their caregivers, the managers of medical centers can improve the health level of caregivers and accelerate the recovery process and the quality of life of patients by adopting strategies and an educational program and training workshops in association with training to strengthen resilience.

This study was conducted to compare the effect of the distraction technique and Valsalva maneuver methods on the pain intensity of peripheral venous catheter placement and examined the reduction of pain during these two interventions.

This study is a randomized, single-blind clinical trial conducted on 100 patients aged 18-60 who needed to establish an intravenous line with a peripheral venous catheter, referring to Imam Khomeini Hospital, Esfrain between July and September 2019. Patients were allocated into two groups of 50 each. During the first venipuncture and IV line replacement, both distraction techniques and the Valsalva maneuver were performed in a cross-over method. In the distraction technique, the patients were asked to press a flexible rubber ball in their hand opposite the venipuncture as much as they could and hold it until the end of the venipuncture. In the Valsalva method, the patients were asked to perform a forced exhalation with their glottis closed while holding and squeezing the tip of their nose for 10 seconds. The patient's venipuncture pain was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before and after venipuncture. Paired t-test and independent t-test were used to compare the mean pain intensity, and SPSS software version 15.0 was used to analyze the data. The confidence coefficient of 95% was considered as significant in this study.

The period effect was insignificant, indicating that the washing period of 24 hours was appropriate in this study (P =0.48). The treatment-period interaction was significant (P <0.0001), and so, the groups were compared in the first treatment period and within the groups. Cross-over analysis using paired t-test and independent t-test showed no significant difference between the effect of the distraction method and Valsalva maneuver on the severity of pain of IV line insertion in the groups
(P = 0.16).

According to the results of this study, Valsalva maneuver and distraction techniques can be used as easy methods, without any cost, and without a need for special tools during the placement of venous catheters in order to reduce pain. The distraction technique can be used in the cases like cardiac patients that the Valsalva maneuver is prohibited.

Chronic pain can provide emotional and psychological incompatibility in the affected person, thus threatening mental health. The current research aimed to develop the structural model of chronic pain based on mindfulness, social support, and life events with the mediating role of psychological distress.

This descriptive research used the structural equation modeling method. The population included all women and men suffering from chronic pain in Tehran city who had been referred to medical clinics in 1401 with complaints of musculoskeletal pain and rheumatoid arthritis. Four hundred and ninety-six patients were selected using the convenience sampling method. Then, they completed the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Stressful Life Events Screening Questionnaire (SLESQ), and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). Data were analyzed using SPSS v.25 and AMOS softwares.

The results showed a good fit of the model with experimental data. The effect of the coefficient of direct standard paths of mindfulness and the amount and number of stressors on the experience of chronic pain was significant, whereas the direct coefficient for social support and the number of stressors was insignificant (p<0.05). Also, the indirect path of mindfulness, social support, amount, and number of stressors on the experience of chronic pain through the mediating role of psychological distress was significant (p<0.05).

Mindfulness, social support as well as life events play important role in explaining chronic pain by mediating psychological distress. Thus, mental health professionals can use these factors to improve the mental health of the people with chronic pain.

The World Health Organization reports that millions of patients suffer from unsafe care annually. Today, patient safety is one of the main challenges worldwide. Three factors can affect patient safety: organizational and managerial factors, physical and structural factors, and human factors. The human factor is more important and influential than the other factors mentioned. Inaccuracy and negligence of doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and other medical staff can endanger the patient's safety. Various strategies have been recommended to improve patient safety, including careful monitoring and control of treatment procedures, increasing the responsibility of medical personnel, increasing medical staff satisfaction, employee promotion, etc. This commentary is suggested to improve patient safety by enhancing the spiritual health of the healthcare workers by using Islamic teachings based on the emphasis of the religion of Islam on the importance, value, and position of the healthcare workers, the wellness of the society, and the reward for treating and caring for patients. Strengthening the religious foundations and spiritual beliefs of healthcare workers can lead to greater responsibility and conscientiousness at work and, as a result, increase patient safety. Practical suggestions proposed to improve the spiritual health of healthcare workers included: Holding workshops related to strengthening and consolidating religious beliefs, Holding meetings to explain and interpret the importance of caring for the patient in religious teachings, Holding book reading competitions related to responsibility and service to patients from the perspective of religion, Holding regular weekly meetings to read the Qur'an and holding group prayers, and installing artistic and attractive signs on the importance and rewards of helping patients in the environment of hospitals and medical service centers.

One of the important dimensions of self-care in nurses is the spiritual dimension, but the concept of spiritual self-care is not well defined. Therefore, this study analyzed this concept to provide a clear definition.

This research was conducted to analyze the concept of nurses’ spiritual self-care using Walker's and Avant's eight-step approach. SID, Magiran, ISI, Pubmed, Scopus, and Iranmedex databases were searched using the keywords: nurse's self-care, spiritual self-care, and nurse spiritual self-care between 2000 and 2022. Then, eligible articles were selected and analyzed using the content analysis method of Graneheim and Landman.

The analysis of the data revealed that internal self-crystallization and behavior based on spiritual manifestation are among the characteristics of the nurses' spiritual self-care concept. It emerged from the antecedents of facing a lot of pressure and stress, understanding the spiritual nature of the nursing profession and a spiritual work environment, and led to consequences such as nursing spiritual self-polishing, resiliency, and effective nursing care.

The results of this study provide a comprehensive definition of spiritual self-care in nurses and show that spiritual self-care in nurses is a self-centered care process that leads to more nurses' attention to strengthening the inner spiritual dimensions. It also helps to provide effective care for patients in difficult and stressful professional situations.

The increase in the cost of cancer treatment in Iran and the growth of single-child families have placed parents under more pressure than ever to take care of their child with cancer, which, among other traumas, increases the risk of depression. Increasing the level of compassion, given its protective role against psychological harm, can be beneficial in maintaining the mental health of the parents of these children. This study aims to determine the relationship between caregiving burden and depression in parents of children with cancer, focusing on the moderating role of self-compassion.

This research was descriptive-correlational, and the statistical population includes parents of children with cancer under 18 years of age. Three hundred seventy-six parents from Mahak, Bahrami, Mofid, and Milad hospitals participated in the study using the convenient sampling method. Participants were asked to respond to the Novak and Guest Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI), Beck depression short form (BDI-II), and self-compassion short form. The data were analyzed using SPSS- and Smart PLS-3 software. The relationships between variables were evaluated using Pearson's correlation test and the research model was evaluated using the structural equation technique with the partial least squares (PLS) method.

It was confirmed that caregiving burden has an effect on depression (p < 0.05), and self-compassion also has an impact on depression (p < 0.05) in the parents of the children with cancer. A significant relationship was found between caregiving burden and self-compassion (p<0.05). Furthermore, the study revealed that self-compassion mediates the relationship between caregiving and depression, with a mediating effect of -0.122 and a negative direction (p < 0.05). This indicates that self-compassion can play a role in reducing the impact of caregiving burden on depression.

It can be concluded that self-compassion reduces depressive symptoms by helping parents better perceive the care of a child with cancer. Therefore, incorporating psychotherapy-based self-compassion in cancer treatment centers can effectively reduce the caregiving burden and depression in parents of children with cancer.

Background &

Nurses are the most important members of health care systems. Due to the nature of their job, they need to have skills that can help them in providing quality care. Emotional intelligence is a relatively stable individual ability and an essential characteristic of nursing practice. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence, job performance, and occupational stress in nurses.
Methods & Materials: The current research is a quantitative study with a descriptive cross-sectional and correlational approach conducted on 300 nurses working in educational and medical centers in Urmia City. Data collection tools included the Siberia Schering Emotional Intelligence Standard questionnaire, Paterson's Job Performance Questionnaire, and the Nursing Stress Scale (NSS). After completing the questionnaires, the data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics in SPSS 20 software.

The findings showed that the mean emotional intelligence score of the nurses was 107.78, having good emotional intelligence. The mean occupational stress score was 77.10, which represents the average job stress, and the mean job performance score was 37.62, which indicated a very good job performance among the nurses. The analytical investigation confirmed a significant relationship between nurses' job performance and emotional intelligence (P=0.000) as well as occupational stress (P=0.000) in nurses.

Since emotional intelligence is considered an important skill in the nursing profession, this skill can reduce nurse's job stress and improve their job performance. Therefore, it is recommended that the policymakers and educational planners add this emotional intelligence skill education in the nursing curriculum or continue education courses to improve their skills and reduce the workload and stress, increase their performance, and finally promote quality care to patients and increase their satisfaction.