مجله پویش در آموزش علوم پایه
سال نهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 31، تابستان 1402)

Recently, there have been signs of the interest of physics teachers and textbook authors to include various subjects of modern physics in high school textbooks, along with the growing interest of secondary school students and the number of questions they have in this field can be seen. As a result, the upcoming opportunities and challenges to find appropriate educational approaches to overcome the problems of teaching-learning concepts of modern physics, especially Einstein's theory of special relativity, are felt. An approach that leads to strengthening conceptual understanding and gaining motivation, self-confidence and attitude towards these concepts. What we understand from the comments of high school physics teachers and even university professors about physics students is that they all experience problems in learning and using the reference frame at different educational levels, which is the foundation for understanding special relativity. beIn this research, while reviewing the known misunderstandings in the learning of this theory, an educational-thinking approach for teaching the theory of special relativity to undergraduate students, teacher service course and also interested secondary school students is proposed.

Students' misunderstandings in the field of thermochemistry are rooted in several factors, and identifying and investigating these factors can be effective in solving them. In this article, which is done in analytical-descriptive method, first the findings of the research of researchers of different countries in the field of students' misunderstandings in thermochemistry were examined, and then with a questionnaire design including 10 questions (multiple choice, true and false and descriptive) and placing it at the disposal of 64 male students of the 11th grade of mathematics of Taleghani Government Model High School, District 4, Tabriz city, in the academic year of 1402-1401, has been written. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that most students have a misunderstanding in understanding the concepts of thermochemistry and have not learned these concepts completely, and this may lead to many mistakes in solving chemistry problems. Therefore, by conducting this research, it was an attempt to determine the misunderstandings of students so that teachers can choose strategies to minimize such misunderstandings during teaching.

One of the most important challenges of the Corona epidemic was the academic decline of students due to the sudden change in the teaching method. The current research was conducted in the academic year of 2019-2020 in Shahid Motahari Primary School, Amlash city. The purpose of the research is to use the pre-organizing teaching method to improve the academic performance of fourth-grade students in mathematics. The method of the research is action research in that the researcher has used a questionnaire, interview, observation and student activity in the SHAD class to collect primary information. After analyzing the primary information, the Advance-organizing teaching method was used to solve the problem. The student was trained in 7 sessions. To collect secondary data after the implementation of the plan, interviews, teacher-made tests, oral questions, and educational progress sheets based on lesson objectives were used. The findings showed that the student successfully passed the test and the oral question and achieved the goals of the sample sheets of academic progress. The results of the research indicate the effectiveness of using the Advance-organizing teaching method in teaching mathematics.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of problem-solving mathematics teaching on academic achievement in mathematics and problem-solving skills of third grade elementary students. The statistical population of this study includes 3350 female students of the third grade of elementary school in Mallard city. The study sample consisted of 70 female students from the third grade elementary school female students who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. This is a quasi-experimental study and a preliminary and final test design with a control group has been used for it. The instruments used were pre-test and post-test. The experimental group received about 8 weeks of math lessons by problem solving method, but the control group was trained by traditional methods. At the end of the course, a post-test was performed. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the level of academic achievement and problem solving skills between students who were trained in problem solving methods and students who passed this course in the traditional way.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the biology section of the experimental science curriculum of the first secondary school based on the implemented curriculum. This research is descriptive and survey type. The sample of the study was simple random sampling including 55 teachers of experimental sciences school of Borujen in the academic year 1400-1401. The reliability of the research instrument (32-item researcher-made questionnaire) with a calculated Cronbach's alpha value of 85% was confirmed. The research hypotheses were analyzed using independent t-test and Friedman test with the help of 20spss software. Based on the findings, the level of teachers' familiarity with the philosophy and goals of the curriculum of the biology section of the junior high school curriculum, the ability to perform experiments and anticipated activities, Teacher evaluation methods were obtained from students' learning, the rate of achievement of knowledge domain goals and the rate of achievement of domain goals of this program, with the difference of the positive average obtained to the desired level. Also, teacher evaluation methods are of the highest importance for students' learning with an average rank of 3.52. there is still a long way to go to reach the very desired level.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of teaching with the help of multimedia created by the researcher on the academic progress of experimental 11th grade students in physics.The basis of this multimedia is a PowerPoint file. The main parts of this multimedia are:1) simulations and virtual laboratory 2) real experiment in the form of a film 3) animation 4) conceptual diagram5) Analogy 6) Augmented reality 7) Laboratory hand structures 8) Scanning every day with physicsThis software has other parts such as scientific materials, test tips, examples, exercises, activities, test yourself, check what you have learned, games and tests.This research is practical in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental in terms of implementation. The statistical sample of this research is the number of 30 experimental 11th grade students from Hazrat Ghaem Freeman State Model School in the academic year of 1402-1401, who are divided into two groups of control (15 people) and experimental (15 people). In the experimental group, teaching was done with the help of multimedia software, and in the control group, it was done in the usual and traditional way. The data of this research was analyzed with SPSS version 27 software.