نشریه تحقیقات نوین میان رشته ای حقوق
سال سوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 9، تابستان 1402)

This article tries to take a poststructural approach to the insight and knowledge interpretive resulting from the study of specific historical issues; Also, using Fairclough's theory of critical analysis of discourse, identify discourse practices that plays a role in the production of women's legal discourse. In this article, from Foucault's paleontological method and Fairclough's critical analysis of discourse were used to describe, interpret and explain the subject of women as an interrupted discourse constructure in three levels of abstraction of social structures, practices and events. The results show that women's discourse evolved in four periods to separate itself from the society as a progressive women's discourse of high social class and finally takes some part of it's rights from society dominant class like western women. Since these demands were not wanted all women of society, they were inaccessible and unreliable, During a period of time, simultaneously with the dictatorship of Reza Shah, women lost their power of discourse and were rejected.

From the last few decades Iranian Communities with considering the improvment and development in western countries, discussion about development and it dimension is involved, but it did not very succeed. With regard to the Condtitution of Islamic Republic of Iran, despite the numerous principles that are discussed in detail of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, it has always been lagging behind the path of development, especially it social aspect, it has become a matter of great interest. For sure, this persistence stems are from several factors. Social development leads to the strengthening of democracy, because it requires the full participation of citizenry. Also, social development can be considered as a strategy to deal with poverty, although it's a very complex and long-term process. In order to achieve the purposes of social development, paying attention to other dimensions of development, especially economic and political development, is very vital. in a way that it can be confidently acknowledged that without the realization of economic development, it is impossible to move in the direction of social development, and considering the economic situation this days of Iran, this is facing several problems. In the current research, the authors, while using the library method and criticizing and analyzing the laws and regulations of the events, guide the new model of social development through comparative study, evaluation of global indicators and principles governing the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

The book "Sir al-Muluk" by Khwaja Nizam al-Molk Tusi is a summary of Iranshahri's thought that combines the two concepts of modern government and decent governance in a political and moral order to harmonize the essence of Iran's public rights with Iranian-Islamic cultural, traditional and religious foundations. This book not only deals with theorizing about the governance of Islamic countries, but also the ideas and thoughts of Khwaja Nizam al-Mulk are placed as a strong support for the Persian language. On the other hand, the theory of good governance is based on the idea that a government cannot necessarily have all the attributes and elements of merit and usefulness, but it must be able to bring human dignity and governance to its citizens. The aim of the current research is to prove that public law in Iran has a rich historical and philosophical support by analyzing and reviewing the book of Sir al-Muluk, and it can bring to the fore the components of good governance in the light of the concepts of public law.

The Commercial Code recognizes joint-stock companies as merchants. Nowadays, these companies, as legal entities, play a significant and prominent role in economic and commercial transactions. The nature of business involves creating contracts, obligations, and debt payments. Therefore, when a merchant becomes incapable of meeting their debts and their assets are insufficient for this purpose, they are considered bankrupt, and specific regulations are applied to their activities. This situation has effects on other individuals and entities. In joint-stock companies, shareholders and managers are the two main pillars. Shareholders provide the company's capital, while managers are responsible for its administration. Therefore, the bankruptcy of a joint-stock company does not automatically lead to the bankruptcy of shareholders and managers. However, the opposite can also be true, and under certain circumstances or in specific bankruptcy situations, this general rule may be violated, leading to liability for the company's stakeholders. This article aims to explore this topic using library and internet sources and employing a descriptive-analytical approach. It delves into bankruptcy and its various types, as well as the mutual effects of a company's bankruptcy on shareholders and managers.

Powerlifting is considered a new sport, the most basic education tool in improurig the level of physical, mental and paychological health of people and it forces ath letes to be cised a guiding tool in the scociety so that can have equal citizens. The prerventtivq criminal policy of sports crimes and violations, as well as the correcti on and crement of sport offenders, adopts different proced ures. In edition to leyal Rles, it organizes judicial, enecatire supperssion with the components of causality, identification organzation and analysis.

considering the nature of the work, lnisresearch is descrrptive – analytical, the if information of which is based on reliable sources.

The findings indicate that sports crimes and violations play an essential role in disrupting the socity and and ignoring these crimes and sportviolations can cause irreparable damage to the basic elements of the country. The intervention of the government as an effective lever in providing security informing people and preventing sports accidents and familiarizing them with legal laws can be ideal.

Having good governance, transparent and fair laws, and competent and knowledgeable administrators is the right of citizens. Over a decade has passed since the enactment of the Law on Determining the Legal Status of Land and Unofficially Registered Buildings in 1390 (2011), and this law appears to be permanent. However, the question arises whether this law, as the latest legislative effort in the field of property registration during this relatively long period, has successfully met the needs and demands of citizens seeking property registration and government interests. This research, using a descriptive-analytical method, hypothesizes that in this regard, the legislator has made mistakes, and from the perspective of citizenship rights, the law in question has not been properly critiqued. Therefore, the main objective of this article has been a reexamination of this law and the presentation of a better model, ultimately suggesting that the legislator should consider revising this law.