مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار
سال سی‌ام شماره 4 (پیاپی 129، مهر و آبان 1402)

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness and behavioral activation therapy on cognitive avoidance and emotion regulation in people with generalized anxiety disorder.
The research was of an applied type, with a semi-experimental method with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all the people suffering from generalized anxiety disorder in Mashhad in 2019, out of which 45 samples were selected from the Pulse of Life Psychotherapy Clinic and divided into 3 groups of 15 people (2 experimental groups and 1 control group). Randomly replaced and in three stages of pre-test, post-test and follow-up, they responded to the general anxiety disorder scale of Spitzer et al. (2006), cognitive avoidance by Sexton and Dagas (2008) and emotional regulation difficulty by Gertz and Romes (2004). The first group received 8 sessions of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy by Kabat-Zinn et al. (1992) and the second group received 8 sessions of behavioral activation therapy by Dimigian et al. (2008) and the control group did not receive any treatment. The data was analyzed using Spss statistical software.
The results of analysis of variance with repeated measurement showed that both treatments were effective on cognitive avoidance and emotion regulation of the sample (p<0.05), but there is no significant difference in the effect of the two methods (p<0.227).
Both treatments can be used to reduce the psychological problems of people with generalized anxiety disorder

To investigate the survival of patients with brain metastases (BM) in Sabzevar.
In this retrospective cross-sectional study at two oncologic centers in Sabzevar, patients with BM either at the presentation or at during the follow-up were enrolled. Patients' documents were reviewed in terms of clinical and pathological features of the primary tumor, first-line treatments and treatments at the time of BM diagnosis and finally overall survival (OS) and BM-related survival rates. The data was entered into SPSS version 26 software and analyzed at a significance level of P<0.05.
Eighty-four patients were enrolled (58.33% female, median age 57 [25-83]). Most frequent primary cancers were lung (non-small cell, 38.1%) and breast (34.52%). BM at the diagnosis of primary tumor was presented in 29 patients (34.5%). 61.9% had ≥5 BM, 97.6% were symptomatic, 80% had extracranial metastases (ECM). Headache (22.6%) and focal neurologic deficit (21.4%) were the most frequent reported symptoms. Primary BM treatments were: Surgery 6.1%; SRT 0%; whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) 87.8%, systemic treatments 6.1%; best supportive care (BSC) 0%. Median OS after BM diagnosis for all was 5 months (surgery: 11, systemic: 3, WBRT: 5). In patients treated with WBRT, 64.8% had ≥5 BM, 83.3% ECM, 16.9% were ≥70 years.
Survival of patients with BM is extremely poor. WBRT is the main treatment option. Patients who can tolerate the surgery may survive more.

Poisoning in children is one of the most important problems in the public health of today's society. One of the most essential factors in promoting the health of the society is paying special attention to the health of children and adolescents so the purpose of this study was to investigate the types of poisoning in children from 6 months to 14 years of age who referred to Heshmatieh Hospital in 2014-2016.

All children aged 6 months to 14 years who referred to the emergency department of Heshmatieh Hospital, whose final diagnosis was poisoning, were included in the study, and their information was entered in a specially designed form.

The most important cause of poisoning is drug poisoning or 4.4% and drug poisoning with 1.42%. 17.5% (22 people) were hospitalized in the ward and 16.7% (21 people) were hospitalized in the emergency room. Most of the children who had opium poisoning were in the age group of 6 months to 2 years old, and most of the children who had drug poisoning and alcohol poisoning were in the age group of 12to14 years (P<0.001). There was no significant statistical difference between gender (P=0.386) and place of residence (P=0.142) with the type of poisoning in children.

Adequate information to parents about poisoning, how to prevent and observe safety precautions in the storage of drugs, as well as regulating the supply of non-prescription drugs is necessary to control drug addiction and abuse.

Obesity and overweight have become a global problem. Obesity is increasing sharply, especially in Iranian women. Experts believe that diet and drugs alone are not enough to treat and control sugar and blood fat metabolism of patients, but physical and sports activities should also be added to the daily schedule.
The current research is a semi-experimental type with a pre-test and post-test design. 40 overweight women were randomly assigned to four groups of combined exercise, combined exercise-supplement , supplement and control. Aerobic training was performed for 8 weeks and three sessions per week with 50-75% of the maximum heart rate and TRX training in the range of 12 to 17 pressure perception on the Borg scale. 24 hours before the start of training and 48 hours after the end of the last session, blood was taken to measure leptin and visfatin. Then, analysis of covariance (Ancova) test was used for inter-group changes and paired correlation T-test for intra-group comparison. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 25 software at a significance level of P<0.05.
The results show a significant decrease in leptin (p=0.001) and visfatin (p=0.001) values, and the changes for the exercise and exercise-supplement group were more than the cinnamon supplement group.
According to the results of the current research and since combined exercise has a beneficial effect on leptin and visfatin compared to supplements, it can be recommended that overweight people use combined exercise to lose weight.

The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of mindfulness-based therapy and schema therapy on distress tolerance in students with a history of suicide attempts. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with two experimental groups and one control group and the statistical population included students had a history of suicide attempts in 1400.With the available sampling method, 45 people were randomly selected and placed in the control group and experimental groups, and all three groups completed the Simmons and Gaher (2005) distress tolerance scale. Then, one of the test groups was exposed to schema therapy and the second test group was subjected to cognitive therapy based on mindfulness. in the end the experimental groups, completed the distress tolerance scale. after one month of the post-test, the follow-up stage was conducted and finally the obtained data were analyzed SPSS.21 software and descriptive statistics indicators and variance analysis of multivariate repeated measures. The results indicated the effectiveness of two interventions on distress tolerance; according to the values of the average score difference in stages of measurement in the groups, the treatment based on mindfulness compared to schema therapy, for the component of regulating efforts to relieve distress and for the other three components, schema therapy is more effective in students with a history of action has committed suicide. The combined use of both treatment methods is suggested to adolescent therapists in increasing the distress tolerance of students with a history of committing suicide.

Nurse and parent participation in providing family-centered care is a well-known concept. Emotional intelligence and competence are the basic prerequisite for participatory nursing based on supportive interactions. Therefore, this research was carried out with the aim of determining the relationship between parent-nurse partnership and competency and emotional intelligence of nurses in pediatric departments.
This study is a descriptive-analytical study of the correlation type. 100 nurses of children's wards of Shahrekord city were studied by census method. The data were collected using three standard questionnaires of emotional intelligence Wong & Low (2002), competence of nurses Liu et al. (2007) and nurse and Pediatric nurse parent partnership scale Choi and Bang. The data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics (Spearman's correlation coefficient) with SPSS 24 software.
The results of the study showed that there is a relationship between parent nurse partnership and the competency of nurses in pediatric departments (r=0.237, p=0.017) and there is a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence and the competency of nurses (r=0.451, p=0.001). However, the relationship between the score of emotional intelligence and the score of parent-nurse partnership in pediatric departments was not significant (r=0.024, p=0.815).
According to the findings of the study, the competence of nurses can increase the participation of parents of nurses. Therefore, planning to increase the competence of children's nurses in the formal education period and in-service can help to promote parent-nurse partnership as one of the most important indicators of family-oriented care.

The use of anabolic steroids is increasing in athletes due to body beauty and performance enhancement and is one of the major public health problems. The aim of study was to compare the characteristics of five major personality factors in male bodybuilding and fitness athletes with and without the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids.
The research was practical in terms of purpose and in terms of strategy, it is a descriptive causal-comparative description. The statistical population of the present study included all male bodybuilding and fitness athletes in Yazd province. 105 athletes (50 with a history of use and 55 with no history of steroid use) with an age range of 18 to 48 years and at least two years of sports experience were selected as availabe. The instrument used was the personality questionnaire NEO-FFI. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and independent t-test were used for statistical analysis.
 The results showed athletes who use steroids have a higher score in the dimension of neuroticism and a lower score in the dimensions of extraversion, openness, adaptation and conscientiousness score than athletes who didnot use steroids. The results showed significant differences in the components of neuroticism (P=0/013), extraversion (P=0/02), adaptation (P=0/04) and conscientiousness (P=0/01). however, the difference between the components of openness to experience was not significant (P=0/26).
 The results showed that there is a significant difference between bodybuilding and fitness athletes with and without the use of anabolic steroids in the personality dimensions of neuroticism, extroversion, adaptability and conscientiousness.

Stuttering is a complex and multidimensional speech disorder that often creates negative reactions from listeners and a very negative attitude towards speech. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on social anxiety and self-compassion in adults who stutter.
The current research design is semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up. The statistical population of the study included all adults aged 18 to 40 with stuttering who referred to speech therapy and psychology clinics in Isfahan city in 2022-2023. The sample size was 30 people who were selected purposefully and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received mindfulness-based stress reduction and the control group did not receive any training. There were 15 subjects in each group who completed the Social Phobia Inventory and Self-Compassion Scale in three stages. The data was analyzed using mixed variance analysis in SPSS-23 statistical software.
 The results of the mixed variance analysis showed that mindfulness-based stress reduction has made significant changes (P<0.001) in the experimental group in the variables of social anxiety and self-compassion in all evaluation stages.
 According to these results, it can be said that the mentioned method can be used by therapists to improve social anxiety and self-compassion of people who stutter.

Cancer is the second cause of death in the world. Worldwide, many cancers cause varying degrees of morbidity. Also, side effects of chemical drugs used to treat various cancers have been reported. Considering this importance, the purpose of this research is to investigate the anticancer effects of different Scutellaria species on different human cancer cells.
In this descriptive study, the method of data collection was computerized and from valid internet databases, and sources such as Google Scholar/Pubmed and other tools were used. Clinical data on the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cancer by herbs. The mint family Scutellaria is summarized and data are extracted from various research reports and other authoritative sources.
 Among the active chemical compounds in the genus Scutellaria are flavonoids, which are considered the most important of these compounds.The flavonoids isolated from this plant prevent the development of cancer with their antioxidant, anti-mutagenic activities and by stopping the cell cycle.
 Although the anticancer properties of Scutellaria have been shown, deciding whether Scutellaria can be used as an anticancer agent in the clinic depends on many factors and needs to be investigated.

Daily activities and social functions of the elderly are affected with the progress of their cognitive changes. The purpose of this study was to determine the cognitive status and factors related to it in the elderly of Sabzevar city.

This is a descriptive-analytical study was conducted in Sabzevar city in 2022. In this research, 350 elderlies over 60 years in a cluster method were entered to study from urban health centers. To collect information, demographic, geriatric depression scale (GDS-15) and Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE) were used. Data analysis were done using descriptive statistic (mean, standard deviation, and frequency distribution tables) and inferential statistic (multiple logistic regression test).

The mean of the age was 66.85±6.64 with a minimum 60 and a maximum age of 88 year. The results showed that 75% of the elderly had normal cognitive status and 25% had cognitive impairment. By using the multiple logistic regression, age (OR = 1.07, p = 0.003), marital status (OR = 3.01, p = 0.03), number of children (OR = 1.24, p = 0.02) type of residence (OR=4.09, p>0.001), occupation (OR=3.09, p=0.04), body mass index (OR=0.9, p=0.006)), diet (OR = 5.55, p = 0.01) and depression (OR = 2.92, p = 0.03) had a statistically significant relationship with cognitive status.

Due to the frequency of cognitive disorders in the elderly it is suggested that health care providers perform cognitive screening in the elderly in order to prevent the development of cognitive impairment in this vulnerable group.