نشریه مهندسی ترافیک
پیاپی 94 (پاییز 1402)

In the cities of the country, due to the lack of financial resources for the unlimited development of urban transportation system infrastructure, it is necessary to prioritize supply management in order to optimally use the existing facilities. According to the approach of these studies, the management method of determining the direction of the urban road network is considered as one of the important methods (and at the same time with high sensitivity and risk). According to the problems observed and the interviews conducted, it can be said that the issue of congestion and traffic delay in roads and especially intersections is one of the most important problems in the road network of Isfahan city, especially in the central area of this city. Based on the results obtained from previous reports on identifying the current situation, simulating and calibrating the road network of the studied areas in the current situation, estimating the demand matrix in the planning horizon, defining scenarios in order to change the direction of the roads and with the aim of increasing the efficiency of the network and simulation These scenarios and finally determining the methodology of scenario evaluation, in the final chapter of these studies, the results of evaluating the scenarios and selecting the best scenario in each of the studied areas are presented. Based on this and after choosing the best scenario, the implementation needs of each of them have been presented and its effects predicted.

The presence of heavy traffic in Tehran metropolis and the lack of proportionality between the number of existing cars and the capacity of inner-city roads lead the plans to solve the traffic problems of Tehran city to the optimal use of ITS more than in the past. By creating suitable infrastructures and using new technology, it is possible to quickly and by spending much lower costs than the amount needed for smoothing the traffic, to solve the various problems of Tehran, including heavy traffic, environmental pollution. Energy, time and cost. To achieve this goal in this research, after conducting library studies, the required data (passing traffic volume, queue length, average spatial speed, average emptying time of each queue and average time interval) and the method of their collection was specified. The correlation of these data with each other was done by SPSS software and Pearson coefficient correlation method. AIMSUN software was used to simulate and check the desired scenarios for each intersection (current situation, improvement of timing of lights and optimization). The results of this research showed that the average speed of passing vehicles will be 1.25 to 1.9 times the existing speed, as a result of this increase in speed, delay time and travel time will decrease by 14% and 5%, respectively, and also decrease the density by 6% will be. The amount of pollution and fuel consumption will also have a minimum reduction of 6% and 5%, respectively. It has experienced a minimum decrease of 14% over time.

Traffic congestion during the earthquake response phase could significantly affect relief emergency logistics planning and endangers injured people’s lives. Given this significant impact, this study develops a mathematical formulation to employ the BPR function and capture the traffic congestion impact on emergency vehicle planning for casualty transportation. The problem under investigation is formulated as a mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP) that comprises multi-objective functions and considers different modes of transportation for casualties. The developed formulation is then linearized through a piecewise linear function technique. Subsequently, we employ the lexicographic and weighted sum techniques to develop a hybrid solution algorithm for solving the proposed linear formulation. Finally, the developed formulation and solution algorithm are applied in a numerical case to investigate the impact of traffic congestion. The result reveals the significant effects of traffic congestion on vehicle delays, choosing emergency vehicle routing, allocating emergency vehicles to the routes and hospitals, and assigning injured people to the emergency vehicles and the hospitals. This analysis also exhibits that applying the developed mechanism improves casualty transportation in the earthquake response.

The negative consequences of the use of private cars have been the focus of attention of researchers and activists in the field of sustainable urban development. The approach of small-scale transportation (micromobility), which has become widespread with the use of new technologies in recent years, is proposed as a suitable solution to reduce the excessive reliance of citizens on private cars and to improve the capacity and efficiency of public transportation. which can leave positive effects on environmental sustainability. Nevertheless, the impact of this mode of transportation, with its unique coordinates, on the three dimensions of sustainability (environmental, social and economic) still needs further investigation and, in addition, requires a separate investigation. In this research, by examining the characteristics of sustainable urban transportation and the dimensions of micro-scale transportation, based on the review of theoretical literature, review of executive experiences and interviews with the elites of the academy, the profession, and the police force, a theoretical framework was created to investigate the impact of micro-scale transportation on Each of the three dimensions of sustainability will be prepared. In the following, these criteria will also be evaluated by the interviewees in the city of Tehran. This study will show that the success of this method of transportation in Tehran is vulnerable in terms of economic and social aspects, and therefore it is necessary to create social culture, the presence of innovative companies to create an efficient operating model, create appropriate physical infrastructure and financial support and specific legislation. On the part of urban management institutions, it is necessary for small-scale transportation to be effective in strengthening the sustainability of Tehran city in the medium and long term.

Transportation, especially in Tehran metropolis, is one of the most important urban issues, in that way parking is one of the most important topics from the point view of the users of the transportation system and urban management institutions. Parking management In addition to indirectly affecting the traffic of the city, it has caused many problems and complications in the social and economic fields as well. Over the past years, many solutions and policies have been implemented by city managers to optimize the parking management process in Tehran, which of course did not bring significant results. Studies conducted in other countries have also shown that parking construction has no end if it continues with the approach of responding to the need for parking space and this strategy will not have any positive result. So use of parking management tools and strategies is inevitable in dealing with the Parking management, if it is well combined with other demand management tools, can be a reliable way to achieve an intelligent answer regarding the planning of parking types. In this article in the first step different types of parkings has identified and studies and experiences in Iran and other countries was introduced. After that Pathology of these policies and measures of the report according to the topics presented in the previous parts and taking into account the conditions of Tehran city, solutions have been introduced to solve the serious problems related to parking.

The most important issue that must be considered at the same time as the development of cities is the design and modification of the public transportation network, and the most important part of which is the design of the bus network. In the city of Mashhad, the creation of metro and BRT lines in the urban network, as well as population growth, have caused fundamental changes in the pattern of urban travel, and therefore it is necessary to modify the network of bus lines. The methods that have been presented to design the bus network have paid less attention to the implementation aspect, and their implementation in real and large-scale networks is very time-consuming. The main goal of this study is to provide an effective and practical method for designing the urban bus network. The method of this study is a combination of heuristic and meta-heuristic methods and is based on genetic algorithm. In order to apply this solution method and the possibility of its implementation for the city of Mashhad, programming in C++ environment was used, which provides the possibility of fast design of the bus network for different purposes and limitations. The output and results of this method were extracted for the city of Mashhad and the optimal bus network was compared with the existing network. The results showed that the demand coverage and other performance indicators in the proposed bus network have a significant improvement compared to the existing network.

In freeways, in addition to assessing the traffic performance at the entrance ramp section to the freeway and its impact on vehicle delays, temporary functional changes may be necessary in certain freeway sections. Such changes could involve the temporary closure of one or several lanes along a specific stretch of the freeway for various reasons, including maintenance and repairs. The closure of one or several freeway lanes, when the flow of freeway traffic converges with the traffic from the entrance ramp, requires specific study and examination for various considerations. The Guide to Road Capacity did not previously address the examination of delays caused by the work zone area at the entrance ramp to the freeway. This study addresses this gap using the simulation software Aimsun. The study aims to measure the effects of interferences caused by the presence of the Work Zone area, the number of freeway lanes, the blocked freeway lanes, the entrance ramp lanes, and the length of the acceleration lane on travel time, comparing it with the Guide to Road Capacity in more detail. Considering the criteria in the Guide to Road Capacity, it was observed that in the convergence of 2 lanes to 1 lane, the main input flow volume and the entrance ramp flow volume had the most significant impact on the number of interferences and travel time. The variable of the acceleration lane length in this case had a more significant reduction effect on the number of interferences and travel time compared to other scenarios.