نشریه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی
سال دوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 7، پاییز 1402)

A person's physical work capacity depends to some extent on his ability to capture, transfer and distribute oxygen in active muscles, which indicates cardio-respiratory endurance. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to influence the simultaneous aerobic-anaerobic training on the physical work capacity of handball girls.In a semi-experimental study, the physical work capacity of 30 female handball players Isfahan province with an age range of 15.2 ± 2.16 was measured before and after 8 weeks of aerobic-anaerobic training. The obtained results were analyzed using spss18 software.The mean and standard deviation of the experimental group and the control group before exercise, physical work capacity, respectively, 440/0 ± 13/2 and 211/0 ± 98/1 and the physical work capacity of experimental group and control group, respectively, after exercise 486/0 ± 32 / 2 and 222/0 ± 02/2, respectively. Therefore, physical work capacity after aerobic training groups - Concurrent anaerobic significantly increased (05/0 =p).The results showed that simultaneous aerobicanaerobic exercises have a significant effect on the physical work capacity of handball girls.

The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the effective components on the development and promotion of public sports in Fars province. In terms of its purpose, this research is one of the applied researches, and in terms of the nature of the research data, it is one of the exploratory mixed researches. In the qualitative part of the research, 22 managers of sports teams in Fars province were selected by purposeful sampling and the data were collected and analyzed through interviews. The statistical population in the quantitative section was 51 people from the managers of the sports committees and boards of the province, and all the samples were selected and the researcher-made questionnaire was the research tool at this stage. The items of this questionnaire were extracted from a systematic interview with the study sample and the research literature, and the face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by several professors who are experts in the field of sports and youth, and the construct validity was confirmed using exploratory factor analysis, and the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed with the method Cronbach's alpha was calculated (0.8 to 0.9 excellent). The results of the research show that the components related to management damage have hindered the development and growth of public sports in Fars province more than structural and strategic damage. Therefore, it is necessary to make public sports policy in Fars province based on the components identified in this research.

The speed climbing is ascending 15 m rout in the shortest time, and recognizing of the elite’s muscles involvement in the start could help to improve the start time. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to examine the activity of the muscles involved in the speed start among elite and trained climbers. This is a descriptive-comparative research that has been done by survey and field method. For this purpose, 10 members of the national team were participating in this study, 5 of whom were speed climbers and the others were active in other disciplines of sport climbing. Each of them repeated each start at least 2 times, and the electrical activity of the eight limb muscles was recorded by using the Noraxon electromyography device, which was synced to the Myo-motion device and video camera. There aren’t any significance differences between these two groups. However, the electrical activity in the Gastrocnemius Medialis and Rectus Femoris was higher than other muscles in elite climbers. Trained athlete involved upper limb more in the start movement. If trainer strengthen lower limb muscles in beginners specifically Gastrocnemius and rectusfemoris muscles, we can expect a better star.

Muscle imbalances can affect the body's natural alignment and cause a variety of postural abnormalities. One of the most common posture disorders is kyphosis (hunchback), which corrective exercises can greatly improve this condition. The National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) proposed a 4-step rehabilitation exercise protocol that includes inhibition, lengthening, activation, and integration. In addition, Sahrmann attempted to introduce movement disorder syndromes to describe conditions that could be diagnosed and treated by physical therapists. Sahrmann believes that the origin of musculoskeletal disorders is an imbalance and muscle stiffness between agonist and antagonist muscle groups. Most studies use NASM exercises and Sahrmann modification protocols have been used less frequently in this field. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to review the effect of NASM and Sahrmann protocols on kyphosis using the studies conducted in this field.

The purpose of this research was to compare the effect of two types of central stability (developed by the researcher) and mechanical spine stretching exercises on pain and movement performance of women with chronic back pain caused by disc herniation in Ilam city. The subjects included 60 women aged 40 to 50 with lumbar disc herniation, who were randomly divided into four groups of 15 including control, central stability, mechanical and combined stretching. The level of pain was assessed using a visual pain scale (VAS) and motor performance was assessed using the Planck test. Analysis of covariance test was used to examine the research variables. The results of this research showed that all three protocols have a significant effect on the pain and movement performance of patients (P=0.001). Also, there is a significant difference between the effect of central stability exercises, mechanical stretching of the spine and the combination of central stability and mechanical stretching on pain (P=0.001). According to the results of the present research, it is recommended that in addition to central stability exercises, mechanical spine stretching is also used to increase the effectiveness of reducing pain and improving performance in low back defirmities

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on mental toughness and mental vitality in adolescents with sports injuries. The research design was quasi-experimental and was a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all injured sports athletes in national teams, leagues and clubs and national competitions in 1400 in the city of Khorramabad, from which 30 people were selected by available means and in two A group of 15 people (experimental group and control group) were replaced by random assignment. Then, in the pre-test, all subjects completed the Ahvaz Hardiness Inventory or AHI and Mental Vitality Questionnaires of Ryan and Frederick. In the next step, the experimental group had 8 sessions of 90 minutes (twice a week). The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS software version 22. The results of the post-test research from both groups showed that the scores of mental toughness and mental vitality of the experimental group in the post-test were significantly higher than the pre-test. Based on the results of the present study, treatment based on acceptance and commitment has been effective in improving the mental toughness and mental vitality of injured adolescent's athletes.