فصلنامه پژوهش های تولید گیاهی
سال سی‌ام شماره 3 (پاییز 1402)

Rose is one of the most well-known ornamental cut flowers all over the world and high quality cut roses production in greenhouses is very important. Rose flower is a light-loving plant among ornamental flowers, and providing adequate light during the cultivation period is one of the important measures in increasing the yield and quality of greenhouse roses, in low light and cloudy days. Increasing the light available to roses in greenhouse cultivation is done by using supplementary light sources. During the last few years, the use of new supplementary lights as an alternative to old light sources in improving the growth and development conditions of ornamental plants has received much attention. For this purpose, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of supplementary light source on the morphological and physiological indicators of ‘Jumilia’ rose. New supplementary lights, including combined light emitting diode (LED), were compared to conventional and old light sources such as metal halide (MH) and high-pressure sodium (HPS) to determine the optimal supplementary light source for the production of ‘Jumilia’ cut roses by hydroponic method, and natural sunlight during the cold season was used as control.

This experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design with four light treatment groups including metal vapor supplementary lights, sodium high pressure, combined light emitting diodes and control (natural sunlight without supplementary exposure) in three replications and each replication includes four plants. The experiment was carried out in the specialized rose greenhouse located in the research greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture of Isfahan University of Technology in 1399-1400. In this research, morphological and physiological traits including bud length, flower stem diameter, calyx diameter, number of leaves at the time of flowering, number of flowers, amount of leaf chlorophylls a and b, relative leaf water content, leaf protein and leaf chlorophyll fluorescence of ‘Jumilia’ rose was measured.

Based on the obtained results, the effect of supplementary light treatments on the morphogenesis, morphological and physiological traits of ‘Jumilia’ cut roses were significant. Compared to the control treatment, the treatment of combined light diodes had the greatest effect on the indicators of bud length, diameter of flower stalk and diameter of calyx; A similar result was obtained in increasing the number of leaves and the number of flower branches. Also, the accumulation of leaf photosynthetic pigments, including chlorophylls, showed the greatest increase in light treatment with combined diodes. Growth light diodes were able to increase the relative water content of leaves significantly compared to other treatments. The amount of protein measured in rose leaf tissue treated with combined light diodes was higher than other treatments. By examining the chlorophyll fluorescence index, it was found that light diodes provided more suitable growing conditions for the growth of rose bushes. Among the investigated treatments, the highest quantity and quality of ‘Jumilia’ cut roses were created by combined light emitting diode treatments compared to other supplementary light treatments as well as the control treatment.

Considering the favorable effects of combined light diode treatments on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of ‘Jumilia’ rose and considering the higher energy efficiency and economic efficiency in a longer period of time in greenhouse cultivation, the use of combined light diodes in lighting supplementation of intensive crops is a priority. Combined diode supplementary lights are recommended due to their significant superiority over the control and their positive role in improving the growth and development of ‘Jumilia’ roses; Also, the complementary light of combined diodes is recommended as an alternative to metal vapor and high pressure sodium.

Blackberry (Rubus sp.) from Rosacea family is a fruit that has a high value due to its unique taste and high amounts of antioxidant compounds. Blackberries contain a wide range from completely thornless to thorny cultivars with highly dense spines of varying degrees of size and curvature. Blackberry fruits decay rapidly after harvest due to high respiration rate. Considering the nutritional value and increasing needs of the consumer market, in the present research physicochemical traits of thorny and thornless blackberries at ripening and during storage were evaluated.

Thorny and thornless blackberry fruits were harvested at commercial maturity and were compared in terms of physical characteristics in the form of a completely randomized design in three replications. In addition, a factorial experiment was conducted with two factors of blackberry type (thorny and thornless) and storage period (zero, four and eight days) in the form of a completely randomized design with three replications. For this purpose, about 100 grams of thorny and thornless blackberries were placed in porous polystyrene containers and kept at a temperature of 4±1 ˚C. The physicochemical characteristics of fruits were measured at the time of harvest (day zero) and on the fourth and eighth days of storage.

The results showed that at ripening stage, thorny blackberries had higher fruit length, diameter, vitamin C, soluble solids, pH, flavor index, anthocyanin, antioxidant activity and total phenol than thornless blackberries, while titratable acidity was higher in thornless blackberries. Increasing the number of thorns by expanding the photosynthetic surface, such as vegetative traits of leaflet width, diameter and number of branches, seems to increase carbohydrate production in thorny plants, which are also used to produce secondary metabolites and phytoalexins in the plant and provides reduction of damage from pests and diseases. With increasing the storage period, soluble solids, pH, flavor index, total phenol were increased significantly, but the antioxidant activity, vitamin C and titratable acidity were decreased. Also, the highest rate of fruit weight loss (9.54%) was recorded on the eighth day of storage in thornless blackberries. In both types of blackberries, the highest amount of anthocyanin was observed on the fourth day of storage, and the amount of anthocyanins in both thorny and thornless blackberries was decreased with increasing storage time, on the eighth day of storage as compared to the fourth day. In thorny and thornless blackberries, with the increase of storage period, at first days the amount of antioxidant activity was increased and then until the eighth day of storage, the amount of antioxidant activity was decreased, which was more in thornless blackberries than thorny blackberries. The amount of total phenol in thorny blackberries was decreased with increasing storage time until the fourth day of storage and then to the eighth day of storage the amount of total phenol was increased, however in thornless blackberries the situation was vice versa so that with increasing storage time to day fourth, the amount of total phenol was increased and then until the eighth day, the amount of total phenol was decreased.

Overall, thorny blackberries had a higher quality at the time of ripening and better shelf life during storage.

Salinity stress, as one of the most common environmental stresses, reduces the yield of agricultural products, especially vegetables. Microbial endophytes, which are considered as one of the most important microorganisms, increase their yield per unit area by causing genetic, physiological, and ecological changes in their host plants and provide the possibility of developing their cultivation in salty, dry soils or climates with abiotic and biotic stresses. In order to identify endophytic fungi in pistachio plant (Pistacia mutica), during the summer season of 2019, sampling of completely healthy organs of the plant, including the bark of the main trunk, side branches, leaves and roots, was carried out in five regions of Hormozgan province. In this study, 20 fungi were isolated and purified from (Pistacia mutica) tree. Then the purified mushrooms were cultured on PDA culture medium containing salinity concentrations (0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mM sodium chloride) and finally three mushrooms that were able to grow at the highest salinity level were selected. Based on the morphological characteristics and sequencing of the ribosomal ITS region, three species of Aspergillus niger MG890603, Paecilomyces formosus MG904988 and Alternaria alternata MG907039 were identified as endophytic fungi from the tuber plant in Iran and the world. In order to investigate the effect of these endophytic fungi on the salinity tolerance of bell peppers, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design. The results showed that the application of endophytic fungi P. formosus and A. alternata increased the root length of pepper seedlings by 1.5 double compared to no inoculation at 60 mM salinity stress. Also, the combination of three endophytic fungi, A. niger, P. formosus, and A. alternata, increased the wet and dry weight of pepper seedlings by 4 and 5.5 double, respectively, compared to no inoculation at 60 mM salinity stress. The highest amount of peroxidase in the combination of fungi (P. formosus and A. alternata) and (P. formosus, A. alternata and A. niger) was 51.41 and 48.65%, respectively, under 60 mM salt stress compared to the control. In the salinity stress of 60 mM, the highest amount of catalase related to the fungal combination (P. formosus and A. alternata) was 15.54% compared to the control. In general, the results show that the use of endophytic fungi increases the growth of pepper plants under salt stress. Therefore, the use of endophytic fungi is suggested as an alternative with high potential as plant growth promoters.

Under oxidative stress conditions, the quantity of some biochemical traits, including antioxidants, increases in the plant. Now this question is raised that incremental change in these traits can always increase drought resistance (higher biomass) in drought-stressed conditions? In this regard, conflicting results have been published, which are mostly based on their correlation coefficient. The purpose of this study was a deeper contemplation into these complexities in quinoa; so, the nonlinear, synergistic, and antagonistic relationships of several biochemical traits with biomass were investigated, using multiple nonlinear regression based on stepwise selection. Finally, the resulting regression function was maximized (optimized). The split-plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design was carried out in three replications and two locations (Damghan and Dibaj). Factors were deficit irrigation levels [control (Supplying 100% of the plant's water requirements), moderate deficit irrigation (70%), and severe deficit irrigation (40%)] in the main plots and sodium nitrophenolate spraying levels [the control (spraying tap water on the plant), foliar spraying at the stem elongation stage and foliar spraying at the flowering stage] in the subplots. The data of biomass (dependent variable; Y or drought resistance) and several regressors (superoxide dismutase, anthocyanin, soluble sugars, proline, carotenoid, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate-peroxidase, and catalase; X or independent variables), obtained under severe deficit irrigation conditions, were used for the present analysis. The results of the regression analysis showed that the relation of carotenoid, catalase, anthocyanin, and ascorbate peroxidase with drought resistance was quadratic, however, the mentioned relationship was very different. Over low concentrations (activities), the effect of catalase, anthocyanin, and ascorbate peroxidase was statistically not significant (with increasing concentration, drought resistance showed no change), but over higher concentrations, their impact was decreasing; the effect of ascorbate peroxidase appeared to be increasing just over its higher concentrations. On the contrary, over both low and high concentrations, the effect of carotenoid was positive; the positive effect of higher carotenoid concentrations tended to be slightly stronger than that of low concentrations. Proline and catalase had the highest effect on drought resistance when their increase was considered simultaneously (synergistic relationship). The effect of soluble sugars was negative; particularly, the simultaneous increase in soluble sugars and proline concentrations led to a sharp decrease in drought resistance (antagonistic relationship); hence, it seems that the simultaneous increase of these two traits should not be used for breeding purposes. The results regarding optimization (maximization) of the regression function indicated that a combination of 600 Unit SOD.g-1FW superoxide dismutase, 8.58 μmol ascorbate min-1.mg-1FW ascorbate peroxidase, 2.28 μmol H2O2.min-1FW catalase, 6.65 mg.g-1FW soluble sugars, 2.15 mg.g-1FW anthocyanin, 6.79 mg.g-1FW proline, and 18.8 mg.g-1FW carotenoids could be led to an increase in biomass by 9% higher than the maximum observed value of biomass.

Rapeseed with the scientific name (Brassica napus L.) are one of the most important oilseed crops in the world. Considering the country's increasing need to import oil and the importance of rapeseed among oilseeds plants, increasing the yield and percentage of oil is very important. Therefore, identification the traits that increase seed yield, play an important role in the success of breeding programs. Yield is a complex trait that is affected by many factors. direct selection of a variety for yield is not often very effective, so investigating the relationships between grain yield and other traits for indirect selection may be effective. In such a situation, correlations may not clarify the relationships well, therefore, multivariate statistical methods and path analysis can help in understanding the nature of the relationship between traits for direct or indirect selection and improve the efficiency of selection in breeding programs plants become useful.

In this study, eight genotypes of spring rapeseed (SPN-202, SPN-204, SPN-206, SPN-207, SPN-217, SPN-225, SPN-227, SPN-182) along with 56 rapeseed hybrids (F1) were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2019-2020 crop years in the research farm of Gorgan Agricultural Research Station. During the experiment, phenological, morphological traits, yield and yield components were recorded. The normality of the data was evaluated based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov method. In order to understand the relationships between traits and to identify the traits affecting on grain yield, at first, correlation coefficients were estimated, then stepwise regression were done. Then, path analysis based on correlation coefficients was used to determine the direct and indirect effects of traits. Finally, all traits were grouped based on principal component analysis.

The results of analysis of variance indicate a significant difference for all studied traits at the probability level of one percent. The coefficient of variation (C.V) for the traits varied from 1.37 (physiological maturity) to 10.31 (number of sub-branches), which indicates that there is sufficient accuracy in conducting the research. The results of correlation evaluation showed that number of pod per lateral branches (0.864), number pods per Plant (0.865), number of lateral branches (0.466), physiological maturing (0.329) and number of grain per pod (0.358) had a positive and significant correlation with grain yield (P<0.01). Stepwise regression analysis showed that the traits of number of pods per plant, number of grain per pod and 1000-grain weight has a decisive role on grain yield. Based on the results of path analysis, number of pods per plant had the most direct effect (0.881) and number of grain per pod had the most indirect effect (0.053) through the number of pods per plant on grain yield. In order the results of principal component analysis, four components were able to explain 75.91% of the changes in the measured data of 64 rapeseed varieties.

Results of the path analysis showed that number of pods per plant, number of grain per pod and 1000-grain weight had a direct positive effect on grain yield. Also, the stepwise regression analysis showed that the stated traits have the highest regression coefficients. Therefore, selection for these traits can be very effective in achieving high performance

Light spectrum of growing environment is a determinant factor for plant growth and photosynthesis. Photoregulation is an effective strategy to improve productivity of plants. Light sources such as metal-halide, fluorescent, high-pressure sodium, neon lamps and light-emiting diode (LED) can be used for production of plants in closed environments instead of sunlight. Nowadays, by using the LED (Light Emitting Diode) technology, it is possible to study the physiological effect of different light spectra for optimization of growth conditions and for increase the production of plants in controlled environments. Due to high marketability, producers continually investigate to maximize yield and productivity of sage.The main purpose of this study was to examine and compare different combinations of LED light spectra on morpho-physiological and biochemical response of sage plant. In this study, the effects of different light spectra were implemented and performed as a pot experiment soilless media in the plant growth chamber based on a completely randomized design with 6 lighting spectra including white, blue, red, red30: blue70, red50: blue50 and red70: blue30 with tree replication. The light intensity in all growth chambers was adjusted to photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 250 ±10 μmol m-2s-1 PPFD intensity and light spectrum were monitored using a sekonic light meter. Growth condition was set at 14/10 h day/night cycles, 25/20oC day/night temperatures and 40% relative humidity. In this study, different morphological traits (plant height, root length, root volume, stem diameter, number of leaves, Leaf length, Leaf width, Leaf area, specific leaf area, Number of nodes, Internode length, Number of branches), vegetative parameters, photosynthetic pigment concentrations and biochemical characteristics were measured analyzed. Data analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed using IBM SAS software (Version 9.1), and the differences between means were assessed using Duncan’s multiple range tests at p ≤ 0.01. The results showed that the morphological, growth and content of photosynthetic pigments of sage plant were affected by different light spectra. R:B combinational lights caused a better growth in comparison with monochromatic R and B lights. The plants grown under red light had the tallest stem in comparison with the stem lengths of plants grown under other light spectra. The highest shoot and root fresh weight were measured in 70:30 red: blue light. Highest root dry weight and root volume were detected under R70B30 and lowest values of them were observed under R light. In the present study, increasing the ratio of blue light led to the generation of short and small plants, while increasing the ratio of red light led to the improvement of growth characteristics. Concentrations of all photosynthetic pigments in the sage leaves were significantly influenced by the light spectra. The highest Chl a and Chl b concentration was observed under R50B50 and R70B30 lights. Highest total Chl content was detected under R70B30. Highest amount of total phenolic content and antiradical activity was observed in leaves of plants grown under 70:30 red: blue light. Growth and morphology and content of photosynthetic pigments of plants were considerably influenced by light spectra in this study. In conclusion, combined red and blue lights (red70: blue30) by inducing of production of more photosynthetic pigments improved growth and improving growth of sage plant. Therefore, it can be expressed that the presence of both wavelengths (blue and red) is necessary for a better and more complete growth of the plant. In general, it can be suggested that the use of LEDs can result in better economic production-controlled environment systems.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most strategic crops, which is very important in terms of level and nutritional value, and is known as one of the most important and most consumed crops in the world. According to the report of the World Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), in 2017, the world production of wheat was about 772 million tons, of which Iran's share was reported to be about 14 million tons. Increasing the yield of wheat per unit area depends on certain factors, one of which is the correct management of weeds to reduce their damage. Therefore, the aims of this study was to use different time of application of pre and post emergence herbicide to reduce use of herbicide for improving productivity of wheat.

A field experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the research farm of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz in the year 2019-2020. Treatments in this experiment include; Uncontrolled, hand weeding, pendimethalin + atlantis, pendimethalin + metribuzin, trifluralin + atlantis, trifluralin + metribosin, pendimethalin + 2,4-D, trifluralin + 2,4-D, green mungbean + 2,4-D and 2,4-D intercropping. Wheat cv. ‘Mehregan’ was sown at 20 cm row spacing on 28 November in 2019. A seed rate of 120 kg ha-1 along with recommended fertilizer dose of 120:60:40 kg N-P2O5-K2O ha-1 was followed uniformly. Wheat matured in the 2nd week of April.

The control methods of hand weeding and pendimethalin+atlantis had a positive effect on increasing the weight of 1000 seeds and the treatment of trifluralin+2,4-D had a negative effect on the weight of 1000 seeds. Examining the changes in wheat grain yield among weed control levels showed that hand weeding and pendimethalin+Atlantis treatment levels had an average grain yield of 3.86 and 3.93 tons per hectare, respectively, which was more than the control, but in the rest of the experimental treatments, lower grain yield was observed. According to the obtained results, the use of pendimethalin pre-planting herbicide along with atlantis herbicide and metribuzin increased yield compared to the control treatment and the use of trifluralin herbicide.

In general, the results of this research showed that hand weeding treatments, pendimethalin+atlantis, pendimethalin+metribuzin, improved the growth and performance characteristics of wheat by reducing the amount of weed interference and increasing the amount of absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements in aerial organs.

The herbicides environmental pollution caused by their over-use is one of the most critical threats to ecosystems and human societies' health. Therefore, understanding the behavior of pesticides in the environment is necessary to reduce the adverse effects of the environment and optimize agricultural activities. The goal of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of manure level on the leaching depth of 2,4-D via soybean and cucumber seedling bioassay.

This factorial experiment was performed based on a RCBD with three replications. The first factor was livestock manure including control (without manure and herbicide), 0, 10, 25 and 50% of rotted manure all with herbicide and the second factor of soil layers considered as 0-2, 2-4, 4-6, 6-8, 8-10 and 10-12 cm. 2,4-D herbicide (72% L, 2 L.ha-1), 24 hours after soil saturation was applied. 48 hours after herbicide application, five seeds of the plant were planted in each pot and by the end of 30 days, shoot and root length and dry weight of shoot and root were measured.

The results showed that the 2,4-D leaching depth was 10 cm in soybean and 12 cm in cucumber without manure. Adding 10 and 25% manure did not show a significant effect on the 2,4-D leaching reduction, but treatment of 50% manure diminished the leaching depth in soybeans and cucumbers up to 8 and 10 cm. With 50% increase in manure due to increased herbicide adsorption in 2 and 4 cm layers, more inhibition was observed than other layers and as a result, less herbicide was transferred to the next layers. On the other hand, cucumber showed more sensitivity to different amounts of 2,4-D herbicide leaching than soybean, so that up to 8 cm layer, all treatments except herbicide-free control treatment indicated a significant reduction in measured traits. It seems that the increase of soil organic matter in the treatment of 50% manure in layers larger than 8 cm, improved the growth of measured traits close to the control treatment. According to the results of this experiment, cucumber can be used as an index plant to monitor the leaching depth of 2,4-D herbicide.

The more sensitive the plant is, the more it reacts to the herbicides, and as a result, the effective depth of leaching increases for that plant. At the present study, the effective leaching depth in cucumber and soybean plants was different. In soybean, it was between 6 and 10 cm, and in cucumber, depending on the measured trait sensitivity, it was between 10 and 12 cm. Cucumber showed high sensitivity to different amounts of leaching, so that up to a depth of approximately 6 cm in all treatments a significant reduction in measured traits occurred. Comparing the reaction of soybean and cucumber crops to the depth of 2,4-D leaching, it can be concluded that cucumber is more sensitive than soybean; So that in soybean from a depth of 6 cm and after, no sharp decrease in the studied traits is observed, but in cucumber up to a depth of 10 cm, the decrease was noticed. It is noteworthy that the addition of manure may reduce the leaching of herbicides, but at shallow depths due to the adsorption of high amounts of herbicides, and its gradual application will cause plant burns. Also, according to the results of this experiment, cucumber can be used as a benchmark in monitoring the amount of 2,4-D herbicide leaching.

Wild rye (Secale cereale) is considered one of the most important winter cereal weeds in the world. The damage resulting from the interference of this weed with wheat is more than other species of weed. This species is known as the most important wheat weed in the southern highlands of Golestan province (Shahkouh region). Since the area under wheat cultivation in the southern highlands of Golestan province (Shahkoh region) is much lower compared to the plains and low-altitude areas, no attention has been paid to the problems of wheat production, including the presence of Wild rye in the mentioned region.

This experiment was designed and carried out as a survey method in 30 wheat fields at Alvand and Omid cultivars in Shahkoh region of Golestan province. Sampling was done from each field in the wheat harvest stage at ten points in quadrats measuring 1 x 1 square meter. All wheat and wild rye plants were harvested at each point and transferred to the Plant Physiology Laboratory of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources to determine plant density, yield and yield components.

The results showed that the number of wild rye plants in the fields varied from 0 to 9 plants per square meter. The number of spikes. m-2, grain yield and biomass yield of wild rye in all densities were higher in interference with Alvand cultivar than Omid cultivar. With increasing the density of rye, the studied traits decreased in wheat cultivars. With the introduce of each rye plant, the number of spikes.m-2, number of seeds per spike, 1000-seed weight, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index were 6.64%, 3.50%, 2.47%, 9.28%, 5.38% and 9.43% in Omid cultivar and 4.74%, 4.19%, 2.93%, 7.30%, 3.77% and 7.15% in Alvand cultivar, respectively. A lower decrease in the number of spikes.m-2 and 1000-seed weight in the Alvand cultivar can indicate its higher competitive power compared to the Omid. On the other hand, the seed yield of these cultivars in terms of non-interference with wild rye in fields under self-consumption seeds was almost similar to fields under certified seeds (without contamination with rye).

These findings showed that wild rye has an important role in reducing the yield of wheat cultivars in Shahkooh region; Alvand cultivar is considered as a more suitable cultivar due to its higher yield potential in both interference and non-interference conditions; The use of certified seeds may be the main strategy to control wild rye in Shahkuh region.

Plant breeding is based on genetic diversity. Genetic diversity originates from natural evolution and is the most important component in the stability of biological systems and ensures long-term adaptation and population survival . Conventional agriculture has caused a drastic reduction in the diversity of crop plants. Among the 30,000 identified edible plant species, only 30 species are the main sources of nutrition for the world's people. Considering that the existence of genetic diversity is necessary for success in plant breeding, therefore, the selection of superior genotypes from among the modified populations depends on the existence of genetic diversity. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the genetic diversity of sugar beet half-sib families in the conditions of natural infection with rhizomania and cyst nematode and to determine the relationships of different traits using multivariate statistical methods.

This experiment was studied the half-sib families of sugar beet (90 lines) in a field naturally infected with cyst nematode and rhizomania at Torogh Agricultural Research Station (Mashhad) in 2020 using Augmented design with four controls, Aria, Fernando, Pauletta and Sharif.

The results of analysis of variance showed that there was a significant genetic diversity among the half-sib families studied in terms of root yield, sugar yield and white sugar yield. The highest amount of heritability among the evaluated traits was related to white sugar yield with 86.87% heritability, which indicates that this trait is less influenced by environmental factors. In this research, white sugar yield had a positive and significant correlation with all traits except molasses sugar percentage at the probability level of 1%. Stepwise regression showed that the two attributes of sugar yield and extraction coefficient of sugar cause more than 99% of changes in white sugar yield. Path analysis results showed that sugar yield had the most direct and positive effect on white sugar yield. Based on cluster analysis, the experimental genotypes were classified into three distinct groups; So that the first group included half-sib families that had high root yield and sugar.

Due to the existence of considerable diversity between the traits and experimental half-sib families, half-sibs with desirable traits can be selected based on breeding goals and used in future breeding programs in order to prepare cultivars resistant to cyst nematode and rhizomania diseases.

One of the important needs in agricultural planning in order to achieve high yield and optimal quality, especially in the case of medicinal plants, is the evaluation of different methods of plant nutrition. Also, the use of nanofertilizers in agriculture is one of the most beneficial methods of feeding plants. The use of nanofertilizers leads to increasing the efficiency of nutrient consumption, reducing soil toxicity, minimizing the negative effects of excessive fertilizer consumption, and reducing the frequency of fertilizer application. Therefore, considering the medicinal importance of Lallemantia, a research was conducted to investigate the effect of iron nano-fertilizer and zinc nano-fertilizer on some traits of this medicinal plant. Factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Shahid University of Tehran. The treatments consisted of nano-iron at four levels (0, 1.5, 3 and 4.5 g.l-1) and nano-zinc at four levels (0, 1.5, 3 and 4.5 g.l-1). The source of iron fertilizer used was 9% iron chelate nanofertilizer and the source of zinc fertilizer used was 12% zinc nanofertilizer, which was used as foliar spraying in the above concentrations. In this study, traits such as plant height, number of nuts per plant, leaf dry weight, chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid, total phenol, total flavonoid and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The results showed that the highest plant height (41.3 cm) was obtained using 4.5 g.l-1 of nano-iron fertilizer. Application of 1.5 g.l-1 nano-iron and 3 g.l-1 nano-zinc increased the number of nuts in plant (593.3) and carotenoids in this plant. The highest leaf dry weight (3.6 g per plant) and chlorophyll b (3.7 mg.g-1 fresh weight) concentration were obtained by using 4.5 g.l-1 nano-iron and 4.5 g.l-1 nano-zinc. The concentration of chlorophyll a was also increased by application of 3 g.l-1 nano-iron and 1.5 g.l-1 nano-zinc. The use of nano-iron improved total phenol production and the antioxidant activity. While the lowest amount of antioxidant activity (94.47%) was observed in the control treatment. Finally, the use of 4.5 g.l-1 nano-iron and 3 g.l-1 nano-zinc increased total flavonoid (81.6 mg.g-1) in this plant. In general, the use of higher levels of iron (4.5 g.l-1) and zinc (3 g.l-1 and 4.5 g.l-1) resulted in the best results in the growth and phytochemical characteristics of Lallemantia compared to not using these fertilizers. Therefore, by using appropriate amounts of iron and zinc nano-fertilizers, in addition to reducing fertilizer consumption and reducing environmental pollution, it is possible to improve the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Lallemantia medicinal plant.