Nanochemistry Research
Volume:9 Issue: 1, Winter 2024

Mesostructured iron oxide/ethylene glycol (FeOx/EG) nanosheets with an oval shape were created and employed as a magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) sorbent to extract herbicide chloridazon. Iron oxide layers are intercalated with deprotonated ethylene glycol molecules to provide an interlayer gap of 10.6 A. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), the size, shape, content, and characteristics of the produced nanocomposite were determined. The key influencing factors for extracting chloridazon, such as the volume of the sample, the amount of sorbent, and the desorption solvent, were optimized. High-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection was the subject of analyses. The approach demonstrated strong linearity in the range of 0.01–100 µg.mL-1, reasonable repeatability (RSD 3.017%, n = 3), and limits of detection (0.001 µg.mL-1) under the ideal extraction conditions.

The quantification and electrochemical behavior of methyldopa in tablet and urine samples were carried out using a glassy carbon electrode modified with double-charged ionic liquid and a layered double hydroxide. Magnesium aluminum layered double hydroxides/double charged diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane ionic liquid (Mg/Al LDH/DABCO-IL) was prepared and immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrated that Mg/Al LDH/DABCO-IL was successfully synthesized. The cyclic voltammogram of methyldopa on the modified electrode exhibited a well-defined anodic peak at 0.63 V in 0.1 M of ammonia buffer. The experimental parameters were optimized and the kinetic parameters were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the fabricated modified electrode exhibited excellent performance in the linear range of 0.23-860 μM with a correlation coefficient of 0.9959. The detection limit was 0.076 μM (S/N = 3). The fabricated electrode showed good reproducibility, stability, and selectivity properties. The method was successfully applied for the determination of methyldopa in pharmaceutical and urine samples.

In this investigation, CuO NPs, Cu-MnNCs, and Cu-Co NCs were synthesized by the sol gel method in the presence of the stabilizing agent polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). These nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The chemical structure and existence of bonding of PVA integration with nanoparticles were verified by the FTIR analysis. The SEM investigations revealed that the average particle sizes of CuO NPs, Cu-Mn NCs, and Cu-Co NCs were 64.5, 87.5, and 69.0 nm, respectively. Additionally, the XRD analysis supported their nano sizing. The antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities were assessed against 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) with IC50 values of 78.9, 67.8, and 60.8 g/ml, respectively. The antioxidant activities showed that they inhibited the effects of oxidative metabolites. The IC50 value is a quantitative measure that reveals the presence of certain inhibitory chemicals required to block the biological process in vitro .The biological component could be an enzyme, microorganism, or cell receptor. The enzyme inhibition activities of CuO NPs, Cu-Mn NCs, and Cu-Co NCs against urease were found to be 18.5, 23.7, and 34.5 uM, respectively. These characteristic properties suggested that these nanocomposites have biomedical applications. Moreover, they can be efficiently employed for therapeutic purposes.

In this study, ZnWO4:Er3+ nanocrystals were synthesized using a simple co-precipitation method. The structural properties of the prepared powders were characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The synthesized nanopowders exhibited a monoclinic wolframite crystal structure. Using the Williamson-Hall method, the lattice strain and crystal size of the synthesized powders were estimated. ZWO nanopowders with a 1 at.% concentration of Er dopant showed the lowest strain and crystallite size. FE-SEM results revealed that the prepared nanoparticles have a spherical morphology with an average size of 140 nm. The FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of Zn-O, Zn-O-W, and W-O vibrations in the synthesized structure. The transmittance percentage in the doped sample changed concerning the pure one, indicating that interstitial Er3+ ions affected the number of W-O, Zn-O, and Zn-O-W bonds. The facilely synthesized Erbium-doped ZnWO4 nanocrystals showed promise for a range of practical applications.

Zinc tungstate (ZnWO4) possesses exceptional optical properties, making it a valuable material for scintillators and phosphors in radiation detection and imaging applications. Its high density and excellent light yield contribute to its effectiveness in capturing and converting ionizing radiation into detectable signals with precision. In this study, the pure (ZWO) and terbium-doped ZWO nanoparticles (ZWO: Tb) were synthesized using a simple co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Field-Emission Scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize the crystal structure, binding vibrations, and morphology of the prepared nanopowders, respectively. The prepared nanoparticles were in a monoclinic wolframite phase with spherical, cubic, and planar (sheet-like) morphologies as well as the average particle size of 256.8 nm. Based on the FTIR results, the characteristic bands of Zn-O, Zn-O-W, and W-O bonds appeared at 428, 716, and 697 cm-1, respectively. The prepared nanopowders can be advantageous for manufacturing flexible fluorescence materials, optoelectronic devices, and detectors.

Access to potable water is a global problem, especially in rural communities of the world. Ifite Ogwari is a rural community in Southeastern Nigeria that depends mostly on surface water for its water needs such as drinking. This work explored the use of nanochitosan for removing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contained in the surface water obtained from Ifite Ogwari. Chitosan extracted from Cambarus bartonii waste (CbC) and artificial chitosan (ArC) supplied by ChitoLytic were reduced to nanochitosan particles. The nanochitosan particles were characterized using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), also known as Photon Correlation Spectroscopy, Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). PAHs were assessed in untreated and treated water samples using Gas Chromatography-Flame ionization Detector (GC-FID). Results of DLS particle size analyzer ranged between 55.78 nm and 92.64 nm. FTIR gave bands at 2922.2 cm−1 and 1405.2 cm−1 representing C–H and C–N groups, respectively, while the band at 1025.0 cm−1 stretches C–O–C groups. SEM results show interconnected microporosity while XRD results demonstrate sharp peaks at 2θ = 8.20o, 32.08 o, 38.00 o and 45.76 o for nanochitosan from Cambarus bartonii waste (CbNC) and 2θ = 20.21 o, 31.63 o and 45.48 o for nanochitosan from artificial chitosan (ArNC). Nine PAHs were detected in the untreated water while seven were below detectable limit but none was detected in the treated water samples. This study indicates that nannochitosan synthesized from C. bartonii waste could be used for the removal of PAHs from contaminated surface water.

Glass ionomer cements have gained widespread acceptance in clinical practice due to advancements in their formulation. This study aimed to investigate the fluoride release patterns of three glass ionomer lining materials: a chemical glass ionomer, Vitrebond (a resin-modified glass ionomer), and Ionoseal (a single-component ready-to-use glass ionomer). Samples of each material were prepared according to the manufacturer’s instructions and immersed in deionized water. Fluoride release was measured at various time points using a fluoride electrode and ion analyzer. Statistical analysis was performed to assess differences in fluoride release among materials and time points. The results revealed significant differences in fluoride release among the different materials and time points. Vitrebond exhibited the highest cumulative fluoride release during the first week, followed by Fuji I and Ionoseal. This trend persisted until the 21st day. All three materials showed a gradual decrease in fluoride release over time, with statistically significant declines observed at each time point. Despite the decline, the level of fluoride release from all materials was deemed sufficient for caries prevention in tooth tissue. Therefore, any of these materials could be considered for clinical use depending on specific circumstances. Future studies should focus on evaluating the ease of use and other favorable properties of these materials to ensure successful clinical applications.

The current study describes the in-situ growth of ZnS/MoS2 on cellulose paper using the thin-film microextraction (TFME) method. On cellulose paper, ZnS/MoS2 was grown using a simple, easy, and inexpensive hydrothermal method. The digoxin was quantified after TFME using high-performance liquid chromatography-UV detection (HPLC-UV). The effect of effective parameters such as extraction time, extraction temperature, agitation speed, and sample ionic strength was investigated, and the best conditions were selected. Under ideal conditions, a calibration curve with good linearity (R2=0.987) and a low limit of detection (LOD) in the range of 0.01–100 ng mL-1 was obtained. The detection limits were 0.03 ng mL-1. For the digoxin, the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 5.3%. The method was successfully applied to the study of urine and plasma. Relative recoveries were found to range between 96% and102 %. The proposed method provided a straightforward, efficient, and environmentally friendly way for determining digoxin in real-world samples.