مجله ارتقای ایمنی و پیشگیری از مصدومیت ها
سال یازدهم شماره 2 (تابستان 1402)

Considering the vital role of teachers in the educational system, it is important to gather information about their health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and their relationship with retired teachers' quality of life, physical health, and mental health.

This cross-sectional research was conducted in the first half of 2022 in Hamadan city. The statistical sample consisted of 96 retired teachers aged 45-70 years, who were purposefully selected. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was evaluated using the standardized Nordic questionnaire, while the quality of life and physical and mental healthwere assessed using the 12-item short-form survey (SF-12) and the patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS-29). The research data were analyzed using an independent t-test with a significance level of 0.05.

The findings revealed that among retired teachers in Hamadan city, 82.3% reported experiencing at least one MSD, with a prevalence rate of 86% for female teachers and 78.3% for male teachers. The prevalence of MSDs varied across different body areas, withthe most commonly affected areas being the knee (54%), lower back (50%), shoulder (29%), and neck (24%). Furthermore, the research results demonstrated a significant negative association between MSDs and the quality of life, as well as the physical and psychological health of retired teachers (p<0.05). Teachers suffering from MSDs reported higher levels of pain intensity, pain interference, sleep disturbance, and fatigue compared to those who were not affected by MSDs (p<0.05).

The findings of the present study indicate that retired teachers commonly experience MSDs, which can adversely affect their quality of life, as well as their physical and psychological health. These MSDs contribute to pain interference, sleep disturbance, and fatigue among this group of teachers.

Medical malpractice increases with the increase of cosmetic surgeries. This study aimed to investigate the medical demands (physician's commitment and patient satisfaction) of injured people seeking cosmetic surgery from a forensic medicine commission.

 In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, 276 subjects whose medical malpractice was confirmed twice by the Forensic Medical Commissions of Tehran province in 2019 and 2020 were included. After being approved by Islamic Azad University, this study was also approved by Forensic Medicine Commissions of Tehran province (IR.IAU.SAB.REC.1400.290). A researcher-made questionnaire was used to check the physician's commitment and patient satisfaction of the participants. SPSS version 22 software was used for data analysis.

 The mean age of the patients was 37 years. Regarding gender, 18 respondents (6.5%) were male and 258 respondents (93.5%) were female. Regarding the frequency of surgery, 49.6% of the respondents had cosmetic surgery once and 31.9% had cosmetic surgery twice, and the mean number of surgeries was 2 times and the maximum was 8 times. The number of complaints among married women and respondents with high education was higher than other groups. Most respondents had liposuction surgery (18.8%) and rhinoplasty (18.1%). The results of the research indicated that between the amount of complaints about cosmetic surgery and medical demands; patient satisfaction (r=0.528) and physician commitment (r=0.751) have an inverse and significant relationship. In fact, with the decrease in patient satisfaction and physician commitment, the amount of complaints about cosmetic surgery also increases.

 According to the results of the study, two components of medical demands, including physician's commitment and patient satisfaction, are important predictors for cosmetic surgery complaints. Physician's commitment has the greatest impact on the amount of cosmetic surgery complaints. As each component of medical demands increases, the likelihood of a complaint after cosmetic surgery decreases and vice versa.

 Health communication is an interdisciplinary field that connects two separate fields of media and health. The relationship between these two fields is two-way, and the media, in a general sense, with their dual nature and contradictory functions, can cause awareness, increase knowledge, and give hope in pandemics, or on the other hand, cause the spread of false information, panic, fear, and anxiety. Based on this, the aim of this article is to identify the challenges of health communication in pandemic conditions and especially the corona virus crisis.

 In order to achieve this aim, a research synthesis of foreign and domestic research conducted in the period of 2020 to 2023 regarding the Corona pandemic has been done. The sample size was determined based on theoretical sampling, 19 articles (8 foreign articles and 11 Iranian articles) and according to information saturation. To analyze the data according to the main problem of the research, the thematic coding method was used, which was analyzed in three stages: "open coding", "axial coding" and "selective coding".

 The research results from the research synthesis of the conducted research indicate the identification of 4 main challenges "Infodemic, low coefficient of social capital, malfunctioning of social networks and politicization of health" in the field of health communication in Iran.

 Considering the existing challenges and the synthesis of foreign research, it can be suggested that, on the one hand, "transparency and immediacy of information" and on the other hand, "people's empathy and trust" should be included in the health communication system and the Corona pandemic. It is worth noting that these categories were extracted based on the successful experience of other countries, the main elements of success in health communication and crisis communication during the corona pandemic and will be applicable in the conditions of possible future pandemics.

 Toluene (methylbenzene) is a volatile organic compound (VOC) that, when chronically exposed to low concentration, can cause a variety of adverse health effects, including immunological and neurological disorders. In addition, the release of toluene in the atmosphere causes various environmental problems, including the reduction of stratospheric ozone, the production of photochemical smog, and the increase of the greenhouse effect. The purpose of this research was to remove toluene from the air flow using imidazolate zeolite framework (ZIF-8) in order to be used in air purification processes and to prevent and reduce the risk of exposure to this hazardous pollutant in occupational settings and environments.

 Zeolite imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) was synthesized in situ, and its structure was investigated using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and BET testing. The absorption performance of toluene by ZIF-8 in the gas phase was studied using a dynamic adsorption system developed according to BS EN ISO 10121-1:2014 and previous studies.

 The results of the structural tests showed that the synthesis of ZIF-8 was successful. Its specific area has also increased compared to several similar articles. The average toluene adsorption capacity of ZIF-8 at a temperature of 30.5 degrees Celsius, a relative humidity of 33%, and a flow rate of 300 ml/min, with a mass of 10 mg, was equal to 2828.91 mg/g. In addition, the initial removal efficiency is reported to be 88.67%. The breakthrough time for 100% of ZIF-8 was determined to be 21,660 seconds. The recovery rate after 6 cycles of ZIF-8 remained as high as 84.7%.

 ZIF-8 exhibits a high adsorption capacity for toluene in the gas phase, along with a high initial removal efficiency and breakdown time. Due to its effective ability to adsorb toluene, this MOF can be considered for use in air purification and purification processes. However, further studies are needed to fully evaluate its potential as an industrial adsorbent, taking into account relevant considerations.

  Safety performance in schools is one of the most important issues that can be investigated in school management, and ignoring it causes major and irreparable damage. In line with this issue, the present research has investigated the effect of school safety management through learning, safety procedures, and safety culture on safety performance in elementary schools in Gilan province.

 This research is based on a descriptive method and is applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study consists of 2112 elementary schools in Gilan province, of which 295 schools were selected as the minimum necessary sample using the cluster sampling method. To collect data, the research questionnaire including 4 general questions and 62 specific questions was provided to the director and deputy (moderator) of the selected schools. After collecting the questionnaires, the structural equation modeling approach and SPSS and Smart PLS2 software were used to analyze the resulting data.

 The results show that the impact of safety management and leadership on safety learning and training (0.885), the impact of safety management and leadership on safety policies and procedures (0.822), the impact of safety learning and training on safety culture (0.557), The impact of safety policies and procedures on safety culture (0.387) and the impact of safety culture on safety performance (0.848) were significant. Also, the highest coefficient of the indirect path (0.418) related to the impact of safety management and leadership on safety performance is made through safety learning and training and safety culture.

To improve the safety culture in schools, students and staff should be allowed to participate in the process of decision-making and implementing the safety practices. Also, the responsibility of personnel related to the safety of school environment should be determined to make them respondent for creating and establishing safety.

 Old age comes with many changes to the physiological and psychological organs and functions of the body. Fall down is one of the serious issues of old age that occurs due to many factors. Among the problems recorded in old age are eating disorders, dissatisfaction with body image and low self-esteem. The aim of the present study was to compare eating disorders, body image and self-esteem in the elderly with and without a history of fall down.

 The current research was causal-comparative research and applied in terms of its purpose. For this purpose, 60 elderly women aged between 60 and 70 from Tabriz voluntarily participated in the research. The subjects were divided into two groups with and without a history of fall down. The fall down history questionnaire measured the fall down history of the volunteers. Also, eating disorders, body image and self-esteem were measured by Garner, multidimensional body-self relationships (MBSRQ) and Rosenberg questionnaires, respectively. Independent t-test was used to compare the mean variables in two groups and SPSS statistical software was used for data analysis.

 The results showed that there was a significant difference between eating disorders and self-esteem index in the elderly with and without a history of fall down (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the body image index in the elderly with and without a history of fall down (P>0.05).

 According to the results of this research, people without a history of falling had a better condition than people with a history of falling in the indicators of eating disorders and self-esteem. Therefore, it is necessary to pay special attention to improving the nutritional conditions and self-esteem of the elderly with a history of falling.