نشریه قرآن و طب
سال هشتم شماره 4 (پیاپی 32، زمستان 1402)

Recent studies on the lifestyle of cancer patients have shown that environmental factors have a significant impact on the onset and progression of cancer. The sensitivity of cancer cells to food and energy restriction is one of the topics studied in the field of cancer prevention and treatment. One of these calorie restriction methods is fasting, which has various types. Fasting in Islam is a form of worship in which a Muslim refrains from eating, drinking, etc. from the morning call to the evening call. This is a review article by reviewing articles from various databases including PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct and searching for keywords: intermittent fasting, Ramadan fasting, fasting, food restriction, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, system Immunity and Cancer deals with the effect of fasting in the prevention of cancer and its treatment, by reducing the side effects of chemotherapy and increasing its effectiveness. The results of the study show that calorie restriction can prevent the growth and development of cancer, as well as its effectiveness. to increase chemotherapy and radiation therapy, although more and more detailed studies in larger groups are needed to definitively conclude the clinical effectiveness of fasting in the prevention and treatment of people with cancer. Also, oncologists should carefully assess the health conditions of patients and prohibit them from fasting in case of metastasis or aggressive cancers.

The death of a child is the most difficult experience for a mother in life, and it has many psychological damages. Especially the death of a child due to cancer has its own difficulties. Because of the difficulty of this experience, mothers need consolation and comfort. But how to express condolences is very important. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to develop condolence rituals based on the lived experiences of bereaved mothers of cancer children. The current research was mixed and in the form of a mixed exploratory design and included qualitative and quantitative phenomenological methods. The sampling method was purposeful and with maximum difference. The number of sample people were 13 bereaved mothers due to the death of their child with cancer in Yazd city. The data collection method was semi-structured interview. After interviewing the participants and recording the interview, each of the recorded interviews was written down on paper and analyzed using the Collaizi method. 3 main themes and 16 secondary themes were obtained from the data analysis. The main themes were condolence focused on spirituality, condolence focused on effective emotion, and condolence not expressed. Using the obtained data, a package of grief counseling and condolence rituals with an Islamic approach was designed including ten sessions. Delphi technique was used to validate the designed package. Then, the collected responses were analyzed and quantified in the form of two indexes, the relative coefficient of content validity (CVR) and the content validity index (CVI). The minimum acceptable value for content validity was 0.79, which was obtained for validity sessions at 0.85. Also, the minimum relative content validity coefficient was 0.62, which was the minimum value obtained for the sessions of 0.67. The results showed the validity of the counseling package. These findings show that in condolence with bereaved mothers, etiquette should be observed that has a consoling function and does not lead to more harm and discomfort to the bereaved mother.

The mutual influence of physical and mental health on each other is one of the principles accepted in Islam and medical science. Also, among the set of factors that affect physical and mental health, the role of nutrition is very important. This research has investigated the nutritional effects of dates on human condition and behavior from the Islamic point of view and has analyzed the verses and narrations that exist in this field and compared them with scientific achievements. According to the results of this study, eating this valuable food is not only effective in preventing and treating weakness and physical diseases, but as a heavenly fruit, it has positive effects on the health of the soul and mind, as well as the mood, personality and behavior of humans, and it causes relief from sadness, calmness and Tolerance, purity and purity of heart and distance from Satan’s temptations and provides the basis for happiness and closeness to God.

The purpose of this research is to examine and analyze the right to health education based on Quranic evidence, Iranian and international law.

This research was done with the method of library studies and in a descriptive-analytical way, which was obtained and analyzed by referring to the Holy Quran and legal evidence.

The right to benefit from the highest attainable standard of health and hygiene is described as a fundamental right that is very important for the realization and enjoyment of other rights and freedoms. Although this right belongs to the second generation of human rights in terms of content, it is closely related to other generations of human rights. The right to health encompasses a wide range of rights, each of which plays an undeniable role in its realization. Therefore, the availability of healthy drinking water, sufficient and nutritious food, clean environment, etc. are considered to be the essence of human health. In addition to this issue, having the right to life without having physical and mental health will be meaningless. This fact is evidence for the claim that "all examples of human rights are mutually dependent, inseparable and related." The realization of the highest standard desired by Article 12 of the Covenant of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights will take on the color of reality in light of the application of the maximum economic and technical facilities and through a necessarily gradual process of achievement. Therefore, the degree of realization and benefit of this right has direct links with the level of economic and social growth and development of a country. Knowing this fact, the Covenant of Economic and Social Rights requires the member states to increase their capacities and capabilities by benefiting from international economic and technical cooperation with each other in order to improve the benefit of this right. Therefore, the education of health and treatment issues, which is the prelude to fulfilling the right to health and treatment, should also be taken into consideration. In Iranian law, the second and thirtieth principles of the constitution emphasize the right to education. And in Article 29 of the Constitution of J.A., the right to health and treatment has been emphasized. Islam has recognized the right to health by establishing the concept of "hygiene", "preventive medicine" and similar concepts. From the point of view of the Holy Quran, health is so important and valuable in the teachings of the Quran and Islam that the first devotional book of Islamic jurisprudence begins with purity, and the issue of purity of the body and soul is considered one of the most important goals of its teachings. A question tries to pay attention to the special importance of health and by awakening a person's conscience, to make him realize its value. Therefore, he asks him if the ugliness is equal to the purity. According to the Qur'an, clean and healthy bon and compatibility of things with human nature is a basic condition in the productivity of earthly products, and man should only use clean and healthy things. (Baqarah verse 168)

The right to health is one of the recognized rights for humans from the perspective of the Holy Quran and Iranian and international law. Realization of the highest standard desired by the covenant requires spending the maximum resources available to governments and over time. Realization of this standard is considered a big challenge for governments, considering the foundations that determine whether we count for health.

Self-care includes the actions that people use voluntarily, consciously, and purposefully for themselves, their families, and their society to take steps to protect their physical, mental, and social health. From the point of view of Islam, self-care in the field of health has been comprehensively explained and includes all material and non-material fields of human beings. This research aims to collect and analyze data from Islamic sources - the Holy Quran and Sunnah - to explain the basic factors of self-care in spiritual health. Therefore, the verses and narrations related to spiritual health have been analyzed with the descriptive-analytical method and the library method. Therefore, by deriving data from Islamic sources, they were analyzed with a comparative approach to explain the essential factors in spiritual health by inferring categories and concepts related to spiritual health. Finally, the result is that belief in the resurrection and fear of God’s glory are two essential factors in self-care for spiritual health.

In our current society, many people suffer from psychological pressure and struggle with them. One of these pressures is the pressure caused by the condition of the disease, at the same time, the influence of religious values and beliefs on people's mental health has been investigated in various researches. Today, psychologists and psychiatrists pay more attention to religious and belief issues in the treatment of their clients' mental problems through coping methods. Therefore, one cannot ignore the capacity of Islam and divine revelation. In this regard, this article tries to address the role of trust as one of the Islamic concepts in reducing the pressure caused by illness on the patient and ways to strengthen it.

The research method in this article is based on the nature of the matter and the subject of the research, the library and documentary method. which is based on religious and empirical sources.

While many experimental researches have acknowledged the direct relationship between mental health and trust, by referring to religious texts, we can find the function of trust in mental pressures and hardships, and even further, ways to strengthen trust in the Quran are examined. .

To the extent that people have the status of trust, they have more resilience in the pressures caused by illness and perceive less pressure, and this has been proven by experimental data, and religious sources, including the Holy Quran, are free from sadness and pressure. and guarantees divine help and love for them. Therefore, everything through the ways of strengthening trust, including compassion of the heart, true knowledge of God Almighty, remembering the blessings of God, worshiping and worshiping God, paying attention to the relationship between this world and the hereafter, stopping greed from others and studying the Qur'an, especially the Qur'anic stories in As they move forward in trust, they feel less pressure and achieve mental health.

In the present systematic review, we aimed at reviewing the peer review articles investigating the effect of Ramadan fasting on gastrointestinal disease.

We searched databases of Pubmed, Embase, google scholar, Cochrane library, SID, and Magiran from 1960 to June 2019. Only original research published in peer-reviewed scientific journals, which evaluated the effect of Ramadan fasting on gastrointestinal symptoms and diseases were included.

Using our systematic search, 37 articles met our predefined inclusion criteria.Studies showed that the upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding and peptic and duodenal ulcers perfusion in Ramadan were higher compared with the month before and a month after Ramadan. Moreover, studies showed that anthropometric indices, inflammatory cytokines, liver enzymes level, and hepatic steatosis were improved in the fasting group compared with the non-fasting group in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In cirrhotic patients, some studies showed that although Ramadan fasting had no effect on liver function or even improve liver enzymes in patients with disease severity of child class A & B, it was associated with higher risk UGI bleeding in cirrhotic patients. One study investigated the effect of Ramadan Fasting in inflammatory bowel disease patients and showed that in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), the mean score of disease activity decreased after Ramadan and this decrement was significant in male UC patients.In addition, studies indicated that Ramadan fasting does not have an effect on liver function or frequency and severity of gastrointestinal symptoms except for constipation in healthy subjects.  

According to the results, Ramadan fasting does not associate with any adverse effect in the healthy population. However, in some gastrointestinal diseases such as peptic ulcers, it may be associated with complications.