مجله علوم پزشکی پارس
سال هفتم شماره 1 (پیاپی 8، بهار و تابستان 1388)

The use of turmeric derived from the rhizome of the curcuma longa for treatment of different inflammatory diseases has been described in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Therefore, we decided to study anti - inflammatory effects of this plant in an experimental inflammatory model. The rhizome of the curcuma longa was prepared using percolation method. The paw edema of rats was induced by subcutaneous injection of 0.1 ml of 5% carrageenan. Assessment of the edema was performed by calculation of volume changes. Different doses of the extract (100/200/300 mg/Kg i.p)and ibuprofen (12mg/kg) were given ten minutes before injection of carrageenan The results indicated that the increase of the volume was significantly inhibited by all doses of the extract (P<0/05). The obtained results suggest that rhizome of this plant could inhibit acute inflammatory responses.

Diarrhea is a major health problem for children worldwide, accounting for 5-3 million deaths each year. Mentha longifolia has been used traditionally for treatment of diarrhea. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the antidiarrheal activity of the leaf powder of mentha longifolia. This study is a clinical trial, double-blind, randomized study conducted on 70 patients with 6 month to 5 years of age, the age range with acceptable criteria for acute non- bacterial diarrhea. 35 patients received only ORS as treatment and other 35 patients were prescribed ORS and the leaf powder of mentha longifolia for controlling of diarrhea. The Frequency of defication,, and the volume and consistency of the stool was registered on arrival, 24 and 48 hours later.The results were compared and then analysied by spss statistical package. Menthe longifolia significantly inhibited the frequency of defication and decreased the consistency and volume of the stool. The results point out the possible anti-diarrheal effect of menthe longifolia. The use of this herbal remedy is recommended as a non – specific treatment for diarrhea.

Urinary tract infection is one of the most common causes of the patient's admission to hospitals and clinics. Therefore, its emergency treatment is very important. Escherichia coli is the most important agent causing urinary tract infection (UTI) in childhood. So, in this study we have evaluated the patterns of antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli in children. As there are different variations in the phenotypic characterization of the organisms, genotyping methods like pulsed field gel electrophoresis is further used in another part of this study to monitor the epidemiology of a disease in this area. This cross-sectional study was performed on 90 E. coli strains isolated from the urine sample of children aged from 1 month to 14 years, with urinary tract infection. Susceptibility of all the isolates to different antibiotics was determined by the disk diffusion method and then the genetic patterns of all the strain were obtained by PFGE and compared with patterns of antibiotic resistance. Frothy five patterns of drug resistance were recognized among 90 E. coli strains under the study. Ampicilin, cotimoxazol,and tetracycline have the least antimicrobial effects, respectively. Sixty six PFGE profiles were obtained from the genome of E. coli strains by this moreover, genotyping method. The most strains showed thirteen and twelve bands and the patterns with eight or nineteen bands showed the least percentage. With regard to high differentiation power of PFGE method in comparison with antibiogram and according to the obtained patterns no epidemic paterm of uropathogenic E. coli was seen among children in Jahrom.

Severe hemodilution result in renal injury and so, acute Renal failure can occured. This problem increases hospital stay in ICU and patients face to the serious problems- even death- can be occurred. In this study, we evaluated renal function after CABG in patients whom their hematocrit levels during cardiopulmonary bypass have been preserved in recommended range by text books. Methods and Materials:In 200 patients who scheduled for CABG in first 6 half of year 1387 in educational hospitals of the shiraz university, aged between 40-65- years old, renal function tests including BUN, serum cr and urinalysis (for detection of proteinuria) were registered in pre operation and post operation period. Hematocrit level of these patients was checked before operation, during bypass ((in 3 times)) and immediately after stoppage of cardio pulmonary by pass pump. Then we evaluated changes which have been occurred in post operation renal function tests in comparison with these data which checked at pre operation time and proceeded to existing probable relations between these changes and hematocrit levels during pump time. It was observed that if hematocrit levels are maintained at range of 21-26% in limitation of hematocrit during pump time, renal function will be preserved in majority of these patients In four patienents, post operation serum creatinine increased twice in comparison with pre operation which seems that, mean level hematocrit in these four patients during pump time, situated in upper limit of preserved Hematocrit limitation during pump. It seems that kidney function will protect better if hematocrit level preserved about 21-22%. We recommend another study with larger sample size for better evaluation of this finding.

Maternal breastfeeding is the most natural and the safest way to feed the infants. Breastfeeding provides a unique combination of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, enzymes and living cells for suckling. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of maternal breastfeeding on the growth pattern in sucklings. A historical cohort study was conducted on 352 sucklings who were 6-12 month old, and attended the health centers in Arak for child care. The data were collected through a structured questionnaire and interview during 2007-2008. Anthropometric measures were acquired from babies health charts and documents in health centers. T-test and chi square were used to analyze the data.From 352 sucklings participating the study, there were 198 (56.3%) male and 154(43.7%) females. 41.5%were breastfed exclusively until 6 months. There was no significant difference between two sex-nutritional groups at the birth time (P>0.05) but at two, four and six months a significant difference was observed in their weight (P<0.05). Also a difference was observed between the height of two sex and nutrition of the six month old group (P<0.05). Exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months leads to improvement in growth pattern and appropriation in height and weight gain, but some of incorrect common beliefs prevents people from access to appropriate nutritional behavior which needs propagation and support of different medical classes to be solved.

Malignancy is the most common disease causing death among children between 1 & 16 yr of age. In this study, solid tumor histopathologic prevalence was researched thoroughly and separately, and also their generic and age- wise prevalence was studied in Golestan and Imam Khomeini university hospitals, Using the results, we can perform more studies for preventing and treating these patients. In a cross- sectional study, the archives of all the children who were hospitalized and operated in Golestan and Imam Khomaini hospitals were surveyed. Their demographic information including tumor type, age and sex was recorded and them analyzed statistically. Form all the tumors, 27.9% were solid tumors from which 12.5% were neural and 12.5% lymphatic tumors. 4.16% of the lesions were germ cell tumors and 70.83% were related to other tumors (72.9% male, 27.08% female).The prevalence of solid malignant tumors at this age group was less than other studies. The prevalence of central nervous system tumors was the most following Lymphoma like other studies. The prevalence of Lymphoma was higher than that of other studies. Further large scale studies are required to research about the causes of this.

The best and preferred type of nutrition for babies has been proud to be breast feeding. In spite of the critical importance of breastfeeding and many national programs performed in this field, some studies conducted in recent years have indicated the mother's dysfunction. Based on the fact that this is suggestive of mother's attitude, we evaluated the mother's knowledge and attitude towards exclusive breast feeding in Sari in 1386.

This was a descriptive cross sectional study and the subjects were nursing mothers in Sari. The sampling method chosen was simple randomized and the data were collected, using a questionnaire including three parts: demographic data, and questions about the mother's knowledge and attitude toward breast feeding. Data analysis was done using SPSS13 and chi-square r statistical tests.

Totally, 410 mothers entered this study, with an age range 25.92± 4.90. Most of them (74.3%) were in low socioeconomic status. More than half of them were uneducated. 52.9 % of them had their prenatal care under observation of a gynecologist. 36.7% of them had desirable knowledge about breastfeeding while 57.3% had a medium and 6.3% had a low level knowledge about it. 7.1% of the mothers had relatively negative attitude, 68.6% relatively positive attitude and 24.3% had absolute positive attitude regarding exclusive breast-feeding.

According to the results, the Mother's knowledge and attitude towards breast feeding was undesirable (in medium level). Therefor, there is an urgent need to educate mothers about breastfeeding.

Most of the complex health issues results from chronic diseases in which the individual has areole. The role of individual healthy behaviors like Physical activity, nutrition and stress management on reduction of the rate of diseases mortality and morbidity is well known. The aim of this study is to the conditiondetermination of physical activity, nutrition, and stress in Gorgan,s university students. The Participants of this cross-sectional study were 800 students of Gorgan,s Universities, selected via random sampling method. The data collections was performed using by a questionnaire including demographic and lifestyle questions. Analysis of the data was performed by Chi square test in SPSS software. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered as significant. The mean age of the subjects was 22.43 and, BMI mean was 24.1. 22.1 % of them were married and 53.9% single. 24.1% of the students had a weak life style, 29.6% moderate, 22.9% good, and 23.4 % excellent. Although the relationship between life style and sex, degree of education, income, father's educational level, mother's job, type of university and cigarette smoking was significant (p-value <0.05), that between life style and age, marital status and BMI was insignificant (p-value> 0.05). The results reveal that the life style of more than half of the student's is weak and moderate. This needs designing some program for improving university student lifestyle.