مجله مطالعات علوم پزشکی
سال بیست و چهارم شماره 7 (مهر 1392)

Epidemiologic studies show that cancer influences human life everywhere regardless of their race، color، cultural، educational، and economic background. The effect of cancer on quality of life and other psychological variables motivates researchers to do many studies in this field. This study aimed to compare the quality of life and sleep and social adjustment of cancerous patients with intact individual in Ahvaz. This study was conducted on 100 cancerous patients who were selected using the census sampling method، and 100 intact individuals who were selected using the judicative sampling method. The measures used in this study were WHO Quality of Life- BREF، Cancer Quality of life Questionnaire، Social Adjustment scale and a researcher-made demographic questionnaire. In order to analyze the data، multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and uni-variate analysis of variance (ANOVA) methods were used. The findings showed that there was a significant difference in quality of life، sleep quality، and social adjustment between cancerous patients with intact individual. The cancerous patients compared with the intact individuals had lower quality of life، sleep quality، and social adjustment skills.

The liver plays an essential role in lipid metabolism. For reduced liver biosynthesis capacity، low levels of triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (TC) is usually observed in chronic liver diseases. We conducted this study to determine the relationship between serum lipids and MELD score level in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. A checklist was prepared to collect data for calculation of MELD score and serum lipid profile (TG، TC، HDL، and LDL) and the demographic factors in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Correlation between MELD score and lipid profile were calculated. 100 patients (50 male/50 female) with age range of 25 to 84 years old with mean age of 52. 49 years entered the study. The value of Serum TC (121 ± 33. 0)، TG (122±32. 88)، LDL (64. 8±15. 8) and HDL (36. 01±15. 77) level were measured as lipid panel and INR (2. 42 ± 1. 59)، total bilirubin (4. 68 ± 0. 66) and Creatinine level (2. 02 ± 1. 53) measured for calculating MELD Scores (13. 13 ± 6. 82). The Pearson correlation of MELD score with LDL، HDL، TC، TG levels is highly significant (p<0. 001)، and is more powerful with TC level (Pearson’s R= -0. 87). This relationship was evaluated with adjust of age and sex. Lower lipid panel can be an indicator for severity of hepatic failure.

Based on research evidence prevalence of cardiovascular disease has inflammatory background and general inflammation (systemic) plays an important role in atherosclerosis progressing. These factors may increase the risk of such diseases particularly in overweight and obese men. The purpose of this study was to investigate long-term effects of regular exercise on lipid profile changes and sVCAM-1، sICAM-1 accumulation in obese women. 36 healthy women participated in this study and randomly assigned to both exercise (and 18 patients with an average age of 32± 41/2 years، BMI 34 ± 48/1 (kg/m2)) and control groups (n = 18 mean age، 32 ± 23/1 years، BMI 34/06 ± 24/03 (kg/m2)) respectively. Exercise program involved a 12-week training with intensity of 65-75% of maximum heart rate done three days per week in one session of 55-60 minute period. Serum levels of sVCAM-1، sICAM-1 evaluated by enzymatic Immunosorbent (Aymvnvzvrbnt) method using ELISA kits of BMS232 companies and BMS232TEN from Netherland. Also hs-CRP evaluated by immunoturbidometry method. Lipid profiles includes: low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C)، high density lipoprotein (HDL-C)، total cholesterol and triglycerides evaluetad by photometry and anthropometric indices and body composition were measured in pre and prostrating times. Data analysis was done on P<0. 05 using SPSS. According to our findings after 12 weeks of training، there was significant differences in levels of sICAM-1andsVCAM-1، hs-CRP، TG، TC، LDL-c، HDL-c، LDL / HDL، TC / HDL between experiment and control groups. Also WHR، BMI and body fat percent was significantly reduced in the experimental group. Regular exercise with reducing of inflammatory markers such as: sICAM-1، sVCAM-1، LDL-c، TG، TC may have a role in prevention and controlling of cardiovascular diseases. Also according to this fact that sICAM-1، sVCAM-1 are more sensitive indices than other lipid profiles، accurate measurement of those appears reasonable for detecting risk factors of heart disease.

Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible، degenerative، and progressive brain disease that slowly destroys the memory and thinking skills and the ability to carry out the simplest tasks. Proline rich peptide (PRP -1) is produced from neurosecretory cells of hypothalamus that has large spectrum of biological action on immune and nervous system. The aim of this research was to study the protective effect of PRP-1on the model of Alzheimer’s disease induced by β amyloid protein. The present experimental study was carried out on 2 4 adult male Wistar rats weighing 230±30 grams and 3-4 months old. At first، the rats were randomly divided into three groups (normal، Amyloid and Amyloid with PRP-1). In the control group without injection of β amyloid solution and PRP-1، in the amyloid group after injection of β amyloid 3 m Lit and the amyloid with PRP-1 group after injection of β amyloid and treatment with PRP-1 experiments of morphology for reviling of ca2 depended acidic phosphates were performed. It was observed that a characteristic morphological sign in A β -induced neurodegeneration are the sharp fall in phosphatase activity، a complete lack of neurofibrils response in large pyramidal cells and mosaic extinction of the reaction of neurons in the architectonics of the cerebral cortex cellular layers. The results of studies after the introduction of A β suggests that when PRP-1 positive changes are observed in the structural properties of neurons such as the increase of metabolism، increase of the density of the location of neurons in the fields of the hippocampus، and pyramidal layer of the cortex determines cell survival. Our studies on the application of PRP-1 have a tendency to show that given the small effect of the pathological manifestations، the favorable conditions for the timely and vigorous treatment of a significant part of cellular changes is reversible.

Asthma is a respiratory chronic disease that is due to long-term treatment and the attacks of the disease leads to psychopathology and low quality of life in asthmatic patients. The aim of the current study was to investigate the psychopathological dimensions and quality of life in patients with asthma.

This casual-comparative study was carried on 50 asthmatic patients from the Health centers in Salmas City that were selected by available sampling method and were compared with 50 healthy participants. The data were collected by three questionnaires including Symptom Checlist-90-R (SCL-90-R)، WHOQoL-BRIEF، GHQ-28. According to multiple facts of the comparative variables، the multivariate analysis of variance method (MANOVA) and T-test were performed.

The results indicated that there was a significant difference between two groups in quality of life and psychopathology dimensions. (p<0/001)

The results indicated that asthmatic patients had low quality of life and high psychopathology dimensions. Therefore، it is vital to care for quality of life and psychopathology of individuals in curing asthma.

In the modern world of today، high level technologic facilities are necessary. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) on vasa deferent، prostate، and morphology of sperm. In this study، male wistar rats were exposed to 50 Gause EMF 4 hours a day for 3 months. After the experimental period، the rats were sacrificed، sperms were obtained from epididymis; and tissue samples were obtained from vasa deferent and prostate and were prepared for histological study. Morphology of sperm was examined after smear preparation. According to the findings، the height of epithelium and the nuclei in the prostate decreased in the experimental group; and vasa deferent were condensed in comparison to the control group. In the vasa deferent stero cilia were disappeared and prostatic secretion were reduced. Morphology of sperm in the experimental group was similar to the control group. In the experimental group ferning test disappeared. This finding indicates that EMF has a detrimental effect on semen producing organs.

According to patterns of obsessive-compulsive disorder and relying on the researches emphasizing on obsessive- compulsive symptoms in general population، this study was aimed to investigate the relation of alexitymia، positive affect and negative affect with obsessive - compulsive disorder syndrome. This descriptive correlational study was conducted on 300 students that were selected by stratified sampling from Razi University. In order to collect the data، questionnaire SCL-90، alexitymia questionnaire (FTAS-20)، and the scale of positive and negative affects (PANAS-X) were used. For data analysis، statistical indices such as correlation and regression were used. The analysis of the data showed that there was a significant positive relationship between negative affect and alexitymia and their subscales with the obsessive-compulsive disorder syndrome. A significant negative correlation was found between positive affect and obsessive-compulsive disorder syndrome. Regression analysis showed that alexitymia، positive and negative affect can predict obsessive-compulsive disorder syndrome. B ased on the results، it can be concluded that the emotions have an important role in predicting and appearing the obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Lack of ovulation is usually the reason for fertility problems in women and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder in women of reproductive age that is associated with infertility and chronic lack of ovulation. Recent studies proved aromatase inhibitor letrozole as an ovulation induction agent. Since letrozole is a drug used to stimulate ovulation in women with PCOS، we aimed to compare the effects of letrozole ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate success in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. This controlled clinical trial was carried out by the year 2011 in Kosar infertility center in Urmia. 220 patients with PCOS at the age of 20-35 submitted and were randomly divided into: A. clomiphene citrate (cc) and B. letrozole groups. Each group contained 110 patients، that were respectively treated by 100 mg of clomiphene or 5 mg of letrozole. After then، all the patients were treated with gonadotropin and HCG and underwent common IUI infertility treating method. The results were analyzed by SPSS software. In this study، the mean age of patients was not statistically different in two groups. (26. 29±3. 9 Vs. 27. 28±4. 6). Although both endometrial thickness and follicles counts statistically differed between clomiphene and letrozole (Respectively 2. 28 ±1. 13 Vs. 1. 83 ±0. 88 for follicles counts and 7. 3± 1. 2 Vs. 8. 7 ±1. 18 for endometrial thickness، both P values=0. 001) the difference between rates of pregnancies was not statistically significant between two groups (Respectively 18/2% Vs. 27/3%، P=0. 1). The occurrence of pregnancy in patients who received letrozole was higher but not significant and at the same time the probability of multiple pregnancies was lower than clomiphene receivers. Therefore، in infertile patients PCOS letrozole can be offered as an effective first-line alternate option for Clomiphene citrate.

Infertility is a common problem in young couples and affects approximately 10-15% of them. Assisted reproductive methods are known techniques which are rapidly progressing. One of the factors involved in embryo implantation failure is uterus contraction stimulus during embryo transfer into the uterine that may be avoided by using ritodrine in this period In a randomized clinical trial، we studied 200 women with infertility that were candidate for IVF/ICSI and achieved inclusion criteria in the form of two interventions and control groups (100 patients in each group). We evaluated the effect of oral ritodrine on fetus implantation in patients under treatment with IVF-ET method. The mean age of the patients was 30. 9±4. 2 years in range of 20 to 42 years. The percent of fertilization in group under treatment with ritodrine was 73. 2±15. 8 and this value was 72. 6±17. 6 in control group، there was no significant difference between the two group from this point of view (P=0. 61). The oocytes and transferred fetus was not significantly different in two groups (P=0. 48، P=0. 51 respectively). Successful pregnancy rate was 27% in the intervention group and 19 percent in control group which the difference was not statistically significant between the two groups (P=0. 12). With regard to the findings of the present study and considering the indifferent successful pregnancy rates between the two groups we can conclude that implantation in the IVF-Et method is not influenced by ritodrine alone. More studies with more cases are recommended.

The connection between mental health and marital satisfaction has been significant for researchers. The mental health plays an important role in family function and also in quality of life. The purpose of the present study was to examine the connection between the health of psyche and marital satisfaction in married students.

This descriptive-correlative study was conducted on 320 samples that were selected from the married students of Payame-Noor University of Tehran (160 man and 160 women) by available sampling method. Examinees answered to the General Health Questionnaire of Goldberg (GHQ) and the Marital Adjustment Test of Lucke (LMAT). In order to analyze the data، we used Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Simple Linear Regression.

Correlation between mental health and marital satisfaction (r =0. 42) was achieved. The results of Linear Regression also showed that the mental health with declaration power r2 = 0. 18 can declare marital satisfaction variance.

The achieved results from this study show that the health of psyche variable plays an essential role in marital satisfaction of couples.