فصلنامه مطالعات تاریخ فرهنگی
پیاپی 16 (تابستان 1392)

Many documents and correspondence have been written and issued during Safavid period. In this regards, the governmental decrees that have been issued about the Armenians which are well-known as Persian decrees of the Matenadaran, could be useful for researchers of Safavid history in many aspects. Although these decrees have been issued on how to manage the Armenian minority in Iran, but they cover several dimensions of the Armenians’ life and show the orientations of Safavid in various aspects. Undoubtedly the study of these decrees and documents is necessary to provide a more accurate and less incomplete picture of the prevailing political - social spirit of the society during Safavid era. In addition, it will pave the way to gain a more transparent observation on religious policy of Safavid about its non Muslim subjects.

In this paper it has been tried to identify and explain the clothing and garment types of Arsacid’s women based on historical reports and the representations of women in art, monuments and archaeological data of Arsacids. These data and the archaeological traces of the Arsacids such as sculptures, paintings of women on coins and wall paintings show that the Arsacid women as much as Achaemenid women have had significant presence in various social activities, but they always wore long, crease and loose robes, and even sometimes put a thin cloth like a veil on their head.

The aim of this study is to explain Tahir’s perspectives on government, subject and their interaction and to determine the regulations of governing during Tahirids. The main problem of the study is: what was the base of Tahir’s approach towards subject and governing? The results of the study show that the recommended system in this letter was implying to a governance culture which in comparison with modern government contains many of governments’ modern functions. How to manage the government, how to deal with the subjects, how to monitor the executives and the agents, are among the most propositions of this letter. In the evaluation of Tahirids Emirs performance, this letter could be considered as the written instruction and their governing regulations. In the higher levels, especially during Ma’mun reign it could be considered as the instruction of the executive authorities. Some other findings of this research, implies the influence of ideas and methods which have been recommended in Tahir letter about governance and his tax comments on Ibn Khaldun's ideas in the Muqaddimah.

This research is trying to find answer for the problem, the resplendence of Divine revelations how can be explained in connection with Iranian - Islamic artworks? The hypothesis of the research is based on the appropriation of the contents of inscription writing of Iranian - Islamic - artworks about the resplendence of Divine revelations with the application of the artworks. The data of the research have been gathered by surveying on 120 artworks in the National Museum of Iran. The results show that the content of the inscription writing of the resplendence of Divine revelations has a direct relationship with the application of each artwork. Based on the content of the inscriptions, they would divide in two groups, architectural works (with guidance themes) and fine art works (with the themes of protection, guardianship…).

With a brief look at the history of humankind, it has been observed that followers of some leaders, without any force and with a full consent and voluntarily turned their absolute obedience to their leaders. In this research, besides surveying the reasons of this kind of obedience, Ismailia during the leadership of Hassan Sabbah as the case study, has been studied by a commentary and review approach. Hence, in the first step by applying the historical action research method, the reasons of Ismailia pure obedience to Hassan Sabbah have been identified. Then the initial codes were analysed and reviewed for several times by MAXQDA software and finally four main criteria and 46 sub–criteria from the set of data have been identified. In the end, by consultation with the experts and using the analytic hierarchy process, the reasons of the pure obedience of the Ismailia have prioritized. The results show that such factors as authoritarian leadership and material factors have been negligible impact on the pure obedience of this group and the factors attributed to religion were the most influential factors on the pure obedience in this group.

The aim of this research is to measure the relations between Kharasan government, located in the south of Mesopotamia, with the Arsacid and Roman Empires. Kharasan with its unique importance has had a large impact on the relations of these to great and rival powers. Better understanding of these relations could be achieved through archaeological excavations in this ancient region which there is rare and limited data about it. The results of this research have been achieved by numismatic and archaeologic studies and study of the resources show that the intentions of the rulers of the region by native roots and Semitic culture were to dominate over Persian Gulf and its trade with other regions, achieve more autonomy in relations with Arsacids and to establish broader relations with the Roman Empire and India.