نشریه دانش انتظامی خراسان جنوبی
سال دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 4، بهار 1392)

Nowadays, with the expansion of urbanization, and widespread social insecurity in cities, investigating the issue of social security, Influencing factors and strategies for strengthening security in cities is an essential and inevitable necessity in urban areas. To reach this aim, the present study evaluates Southern Khorasan cities in regard to the small and border communities’ sense of security. The research method was questionnaire- analytic one and data have collected via library studying, questionnaire and interview. SPSS software has been applied to analyze data and hypothesis. The statistical sociaty was over 15 years female; living in Haji Abad in north, Asadie in Center and Nehbandan in south. About 22000 people with these qualifications (over 15 and female) have been settled. Using Cochrane sampling 378 samples have been determined. But to get more trustful results, 400 people were asked to be interviewed. Sampling method was random and type cluster multi-process. Findings indicates that there is a meaningful relationship between sense of security and indexes such as media’s operation, police role, people’s social status and cities’ physical atmosphere. Finally, appropriate approaches have been suggested for improving border living women’s social security.

Security issues are among the highest level needs of human beings. Security can influence almost all aspects of human life and without security the possibility of living would be blocked. Traditionally, police take the responsibility of establishing security and that’s why people’s role become neglected. But the present conditions of the society proves that sustainable achievement won’t be obtained unless people participate actively. To investigate this, this study aims to follow descriptive- analytical method and considers effective factors in people’s participation in security issues. Considering the population, 226 inhabitants of Ferdows have been asked to participate in the study. These people have been investigated considering their age, gender, educational status,... Collected data have been analyzed by descriptive-inferential statistics. Results show that the people’s awareness of the advantages of taking part in providing security depends on different factors, especially age and educational status. People’s awareness affect their attitudes and operations. But, it should be clarified that changing attitude plays a more significant role on people’s participation. So, if their negative attitude can be changed by taking appropriate tools and approaches, people’s participation will go under remarkable change. This will not only ends in decreasing police expense, but also it will provide sustainable security at the highest level and ultimately people will feel secure more.

International borders have crucial role in country’s development and security. On the other hand, border regions’ integrated development is needed to reach security. In most of the border areas, including Southern Khorasan, Only rural habitats make the border populated and they play a significant role in security of the whole border. In spite of this special characteristics, rural borders are always deprived from facilities and services, due to their geographical situation. In other words, they are in a low level development. The main objective of this study is recognizing border security threat zones and it’s effective factors. Thus, two main questions have been considered: first, what is the relationship between rural habitats’ facilities and providing security? Second, how threatening are the Southern Khorasan border settlements? Statistical universe includes 55 border settlements which have been evaluated via full enumeration and the necessary statistics has been collected by documentation and field study. TOPSIS technique, regression and cluster analysis via SPSS software have been used to analysis data. Results show that there is a meaningful relationship between villages and providing security. Considering the extent of the common borders between Iran and Afghanistan and regional issues, emphasis of national plans on the necessity of comprehensive rural developments, the need to preserve security and country integrity and security measurements, the research results can be used by authorities in developing security in Southern Khorasan.

Urban security is one of the most important qualities needed for urban spaces. Lack of this quality will end in urban destruction. Urban destruction is a discipline and general security distracter. Urban destruction means urban chaos and general properties’ destruction. Urban or public properties’ destruction is a negative phenomenon rooted in human beings’ ego. It is not depend on gender, race, nationality, religion. Age, educational degree, family status and it can be observed in any society. Vandal or a destructor tries to deliberately destruct public properties and in some cases private properties are become the target. And anywhere it takes place, negative results are inevitable. This study aims to investigate different dimensions of urban destruction is Qaen. Questionnaires have been used to collect data. Statistical community is the youth between 18-30 years old in 2012. According to Cochrane formula 373 samples have been chosen. SPSS 17 has been used to analysed data. Results show that there is a meaningful relationship between observing destruction, person’s behaviour, the effect of group’s behaviour on a person, person’s reaction to a vandal, social status, urbanism and economical status with urban destruction. This is an issue requiring precise program from authorities. It can be decreased by controlling the availability of potential targets of urban destruction through physical obstacles, eliminating destruction of the city, psychological operations, formal control and propaganda which need more specific attention.

ode in which there is no threat or attack. In political and legal terminology, this concept has been used as personal, social, national and international security. By arising urban living, delinquency has been increased in communities. Security can include several domains such as general spaces like parks. By the advent of technology and increasing population growth, having places to spend free time and consequently, providing security for that places become crucial. So, criteria and standards need to be considered for designing urban areas. There are several factors influencing security in parks, including 24 hour police patrol, creating light network throughout the parks especially blind spots, proper arrangement of parks’ furniture, combating Bluetooth exchangers, overt and covert installation of audiovisual equipment and continuous video and audio recording of events in different parts of the park etc. Present study aims to investigates citizens’ attitudes toward effective factors on the security of Birjand’s park which Tohid and Mostafa Khomeini parks have been selected for case study. Research method is descriptive- analytical and the statistical community is all who use park atmosphere which have been chosen randomly. Eighty persons are asked to participate. Park’s quality, satisfaction and security variables have been analyzed by Likert scale. Results show that there is a direct relationship between park security and satisfaction level. While, no significant relationship has been observed with park’s quality though security mean of the two parks was clear. But lack of difference between the security means in these two parks can be acceptable, considering security variable proved to be normal. It can be claimed that security mean of Mostafa Khomeini is slightly higher than that of Tohid park.

Today, discipline and security are the most important indicators of communities’ development. Cities as places that people with different lifestyles and different economical and development level make discipline and security weaken in their operations. There is no city without elements of discipline and security, but it’s intensity depends on the factors influencing discipline and security. Therefore, discipline and security as an important issue always affect human beings. Present study, be practical in nature, investigates the effect of discipline and security in economical, social, cultural and psychological dimensions via descriptive- analytical method using library- document and field study applying. SPSS and Excel software. Results show that discipline and security in Birjand city, not only prevent from moral and psychological problems but also they effectively reduce depression, increase citizens’ relationship, create friendly communities, help to the presence of girls and women in public places and significantly reduce addict and delinquent presence in different urban scales. Therefore, citizens believe that discipline and security and their fluctuations in different time and places will have a profound effect on economical, social, cultural and psychological dimensions of society.

Living in shanty towns is a consequence of industrialization and development of developed or developing countries. This problem is disharmonic phenomenon with the other aspects of society as it brings about lots of other outcomes. The statistical universe of the present study includes all boy adolescents between 20- 25 years old among whom 235 people have been chosen in cluster sampling as the final sample (from Koye Kargaran or Workers’ area shanty town). To investigate study variables, a researcher made Likert questionnaire has been used. To evaluate measurement device validity, face validity and to study its reliability, Cranach’s alpha have been taken. Results show that the obtained validity coefficient for all variables is acceptable. In this study, the one, two and multi variable statistical methods have been applied to analyze data. Pearson and multi variable regression tests have been used due to the variables’ nature. The correlation among variables approved family connections, formal organizations’ observation and relationship with friends. The results are in accordance with Hircshi theory in which he believes that the stronger the dependence among social groups and organizations, the less the probability of delinquency would be.