مجله طب نظامی
سال شانزدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 55، بهار 1393)

Non-specific chronic low back pain is one of the most common causes of absence from work. Physical exercise is also one of the treatment methods for patients with chronic low back pain. This study aimed to compare the effects of two forms of traditional exercise and Pilates on pain reduction and improvement of the function of employed women with non-specific chronic low back pain. In this clinical trial، 45 employed women with non-specific chronic low back pain were selected through accessibility sampling. Then، they were randomly assigned to 3 groups of Traditional (TRN1)، Pilates (TRN2) and control (CTL). Treatment duration was 8 weeks for experimental groups. Pain intensity and degree of function (both ordinal) were assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Questionnaire of Oswestry. Paired T-test and ANOVA were used for statistical analysis at significance level of p<0. 05. Average pain and disability decreased in the experimental groups (P<0. 001). Data analysis showed that there was significant difference between TRN1 and TRN2 groups in pain intensity and disability (P=0. 05) while no significant change was observed in CTL group (P>0. 05). According to the results، Pilates group showed greater recuperation than traditional exercise group (p=0/05). Hence، it can be concluded that Pilates is an effective method to treat non-specific chronic Low Back pain and can be seen as a complementary approach.

During the training period of national service، soldiers need a reasonable level of physical fitness. This research aimed to compare the effects of combined selection of exercises and current sports activities on the improvement of physical fitness and anthropometric indices of soldiers. Forty-two healthy soldiers were randomly divided into two experimental groups of combined selection of exercise (21 individuals) and current sports activities (21 people). They were compared together by means of pretest and posttest results. Both groups underwent 24 sessions of training for 8 weeks. Each session was 45 minutes and there were 3 sessions in every week. Then، Data were analyzed by Paired Samples and Independent Samples T Test، at a significance level of P<0/05. Both groups showed significant increase in scapula endurance، upper extremities endurance، flexibility، agility. Moreover، there was significant decrease in BMI، BFP، and weight. The results of combined selection of exercises group indicated significant increase in cardio-respiratory endurance، abdominal muscles endurance، speed، lower limb power، ​​as well as significant decline in abdominal circumference and hip circumference. There was also significant difference between two groups in cardio-respiratory endurance، abdominal muscles endurance، scapula endurance، lower limb power، and agility. There was no significant difference in between-group and within-group means of waist circumference either. Combined Selection of exercises was more effective than current sports program on the improvement of the physical fitness of soldiers.

Salmonella spp are among the most important food‑borne pathogens both in humans and animals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular types of S. infantis strains isolated in Tehran، Iran. Over a two year study، S. infantis strains isolated from various clinical samples in several hospitals of Tehran، were included in the study. Then، standard microbiological and serological methods were applied in order to identify isolated strains. Phenol‑chlorophorm technique also was used to extract bacterial DNA. The clonal relatedness between the isolated strains was studied by Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC‑ PCR). 40 isolated strains were identified as S. infantis which were further studied by ERIC‑PCR. This technique produced 4 to 11 DNA bands. Besides، it divided all S. infantis strains into 8 genotype groups (I1-I8). I1 genotype group was the most common cluster (47. 5%). The results of study suggest that S. infantis strains recovered from clinical cases in Tehran، had a large genetic diversity. We also found the ERIC‑PCR as a useful method for molecular typing of S. infantis isolated strains.

The aim of this study was identification of research needs and priorities in the field of health economics. This study was conducted through a mixed method. Data collection was also done by means of interviews and focused groups. To rank the research topics Delphi method was used. Then، the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Liker-type scale was applied to rate the responses of the questionnaire and alpha value thereof، equaled 0. 81. According to the data analysis and research experts، eight major research areas were determined as follows: Labor market، finance and insurance، technology assessment، health economics، cost، income and producing health care centers، payment methods، privatization، equity، supply and demand of health services. These areas were finally included 102 research topics. The highest mean score of 3. 5 belonged to the areas of labor market and health equity. The research area of payment method got the minimum mean score of 3 either. Given the scarcity of resources and budgetary constraints، assessment of research priorities can lead to better allocation of resources and more effective operations.

According to the importance of science in achieving new products and the role of humans in this regard، the present study aims to compare personality characteristics between strong and weak researchers. This is a casual-comparative study which was performed on 273 researchers selected by purposive sampling among researchers working in various research departments. Subjects were interviewed and then completed NEO questionnaire of personality characteristics. Next، the data was analyzed using indices of mean، standard deviation، independent t-test and variance analysis by means of SPSS software. The comparison of three groups with weak، average and strong performance in terms of 5 personality characteristics showed that there was significant difference between groups with weak and high performance. Although these groups (weak and strong) were the same as for conscientiousness، extraversion، agreeableness and neuroticism، the strong group outdid in respect of openness. For the selection and employment of researchers as well as their growth and promotion، it is required to pay more attention to flexibility alongside other characteristics.

The goal of this study was to identify and rank the research priorities of a military health organization. This is a mixed and cross-sectional study that was done in 2013. Sample population included 24 senior managers، 32 middle managers and 15 mangers of clinics of a military health organization in Iran that were selected by purposive sampling. In qualitative section، data gathering was performed by means of interview and questionnaire. In addition، data analysis was conducted using qualitative framework analysis. In quantitative section، the criteria were prioritized using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Then، the topics were ranked via TOPSIS. 191 topics were identified and divided into seven scopes of healthcare، treatment، education، rescue and transference، human resources، drug and medical equipment along with planning and information technology. Next، they were ranked in terms of criteria including time priority، accordance with organizational goals، applicability and usefulness. To prevent from waste of research resources in the organization، allocation of assets should be based on research priorities. Such a device can assist organization in achieving the goals.

Sulfur mustard (SM) is an alkylating and blistering agent that has readily reacts with a wide range of cellular macromolecules including DNA، RNA and protein. In this study، the effect of SM on cells viability and DNA fragmentation in the human fibroblastic cells was investigated. the HF2FF human skin fibroblast cell line were exposed to various concentrations of SM (180-1000 mM) and then incubated for 24 hours at standard condition. Then، the effect of SM was investigated by measuring percent of viable cells using gentian violet dye assays and DNA fragmentation by agarose gels electrophoresis and diphenylamine reaction. Viability of the cells exposure to 180، 300 and 300 mM SM was 65، 42 and 16%، respectively. DNA fragmentation was increased and represented a smear pattern on agarose gel electrophoresis after exposure to higher concentrations of SM (>180 mM). The effect of SM on viability and DNA damage is dose- dependent. At higher of SM concentrations (>180 µM)، SM alkylates DNA، leading to DNA strand breaks and the nature of the DNA fragments produced suggested that necrotic form of cell death.