مجله مدیریت نوآوری
سال دوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 6، زمستان 1392)

Communications network is one of the fundamental pillars of the innovation-based economy. Meanwhile, using the concept of knowledge networking, open innovation approach tries to create an interactive relationship between science and industry players for the exchange of ideas, technology and knowledge within a network which shortens the course of development and innovation in organizations. Considering Hafkesbrink and Schroll’s “Organizational Competences for Open Innovation model” this paper tries to investigate the open innovation strategies of the aviation industry, and identify its implementation challenges. In this study, researchers use a survey research to collect data from 66 experts who are professionals in air transport aviation maintenance agencies while the data collection tool is a standard questionnaire. To check the status of each variable, a T-test and for ranking the factors influencing open innovation approach, the fuzzy TOPSIS method is used. Results clearly show the capability factor of the networking capabilities of the operating partnership and identification of opportunities for innovation and knowledge sharing capacity of the lower status of conditions are favorable; other factors are relatively in good condition. Meanwhile, the affecting factors are rated by fuzzy Topsis technique. Finally the results show that the exchange factors, innovative opportunities identification and networking capabilities are the most important factors and the specific factors of design structure and process, outside to inside and vice versa cooperations, and internal cooperation are less important.

The increasing importance of technology forms different mechanisms forthedevelopment, transferring, diffusion and deployment. Techno market is one of the most important mechanisms in our country in recent years which has attracted considerable attention. This article tries to explain how these mediating institutions such as techno market can intense innovation in organizations. To reach this goal Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) has been used. In this way, techno market mechanisms and related indicators with innovation performance, innovation stimulus, and innovation capacity have been reviewed. Actually the use of techno market performance indicators which are related to the stimulus, innovation capacity and performance in this relationship are discussed. Processing model using partial least squares (PLS) approach taken in Smart PLS software. The data gathered from questionnaires, extracted the opinions of experts in the field of technology management as input for software were used to analyze the relationships. The result of model processing indicates that techno market has no direct effect on innovation performance with these functions but the major impact of innovation stimulus and innovation capacity can be expressed.

The relationship between factors and the success criteria of international technology transfer projects is one of the major research areas of technology management. The literature mostly focused on the effects of recipient, resource, environment, and technology transfer methods, and etc. In this study, besides these factors, the role of technology transfer facilitator has also been investigated. This is an “Applied Research” and its’ strategy is “Survey” method along with reviewing archival documents. “Mixed Method” of qualitative and quantitative approaches have been used too. Extracting the list of success factors and criteria from literatures, using the focus groups, the conceptual framework of successful international technology transfer projects were designed with respect to facilitator qualifications. The data from 191 projects were gathered by interviews and review of existing documents. The partial least squares method was used to analyze the abnormal data in Smart PLS software. The results showed that the “Readiness of Facilitator Organization” has the major impact. Next, “Recipient Technology Absorption Readiness” and “Technology Transition Ability” have significant effects on success respectively. The results also indicated that “Resource’s Technology Transfer Readiness” has no significant effect on the projects’ success.

Communities of practice are tools for exchanging best practices and a chance for increasing the level of individual and organizational learning. Developing these communities as structures are changed as a strategy for improving innovation process. Researchers and practitioners in knowledge management believe that managing CoPs align with organizational goals have beneficial results for organizations. By taking the past studies and experiences into account we have found that the relationships between organizational variables and CoP’s designing and managing are not investigated before; whereas the development of communities of practice were only investigated as independent variables. This study with the aim of investigating the relationships between organizational variables and CoPs’ design features has used the fuzzy method in realm of an industrial and strategic organization. Gathered and elaborated data were extracted from interviews and questionaires distributed to 11 experts in aforementioned organization. The results show that 17 organizational variables have effect on 13 CoPs’ designing features. Also, the conceptual model of this research obviously determines the relation among organizational variables and CoPs’ designing features. This model also prepares a pattern for managers in order to evaluate and select CoPs.

Nowadays knowledge management is an important element of organizations to gain competitive advantage, and it is one of the most important aspects of information technology. Due to the increasing growth in the information technology field, insurance companies require an appropriate technology for knowledge management in their organizations. That is why choosing the right technology in the knowledge management process is important. In this paper, by using criteria identified from the literature, and using analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the technology of the knowledge management in each stage compared in some Insurance companies with the help of Expert Choice software. The data needed for current study gathered from two questionnaires in which aimed to determine the meaningfulness of selection criteria for each KM processes and also to determine and prioritize the weight of criteria. The findings of knowledge management technologies select in according to 12 criteria, demonstrates that knowledge-base technology in knowledge acquisition process, Technology education systems in knowledge sharing process, knowledge map in the process of organizing knowledge, and Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Technology in the application of knowledge in insurance companies have the highest priority. In the end, the designed “decision making software” explained for employees of insurance companies in order to help them to select an appropriate technology for each stage of knowledge management by using the C # programming language design.

Selecting an appropriate knowledge management strategy ensures that knowledge management system will be implemented successfully. To consider organizational factors and the dynamic nature of knowledge in organization, there is a need to choose a dynamic knowledge management strategy. This study tries to select a knowledge management strategy in an industrial lab by focusing on dynamic approach regard to the creation of knowledge management strategy. To this end, the most important factors that affect the creation of knowledge management strategy extracted from related works. Factors include organizational culture; business strategy; organizational structure; organizational knowledge level; human resources strategy; and maturity of information technology system. By analyzing organizational culture, business strategy and organizational structure; bounds of the codification and personalization knowledge management strategy are determined. Then, by measuring the level of Knowledge Creation processes, according to Nonaka’s model in the lab and evaluating current human resources strategy and information technology, the final strategy is selected in order to balance organization’s tacit and explicit knowledge. Thus, the selected strategy is a dynamic knowledge management strategy. Results show that personalization strategy considered as main and codification strategy considered as complimentary strategy in the lab respectively.