مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال هفدهم شماره 110 (هفته چهارم امرداد 1393)

Thyroid peroxides antibodies are associated with recognized complications during and after pregnancy like Abortion and postpartum depression، but other complications such as preterm labor، preterm rupture of membrane (PROM) and effect of antibodies on newborns weight and newborns Apgar score not be evaluated. Studies were demonstrated، treatment with levothyroxine in pregnant women with thyroid peroxides antibodies may prevent maternal and fetal complications. This study illustrated the prevalence of thyroid peroxides antibodies and induced pregnancy complications and then evaluates the effects of levothyroxine in reducing pregnancy complications among pregnant women having such antibodies. Methods and materials: we designed single blind RCT study in 300 first trimester pregnant women attending Prenatal Clinic in Sanandaj from September 2009 to January 2011. of 266 pregnant women without clinical hypothyroidism، 32 women were thyroid peroxides antibody positive. This 32 thyroid peroxides antibody positive women were divided in two groups via simple randomized allocation. Intervention group received a daily dose of 50 microgram levothyroxine in the pregnancy period. Control group did not receive any treatment. Participants were observed until the end of pregnancy period and outcome was assessed. Then data was analyzed by SPSS 11. 5 software and Chi square، Fisher and Kruskal-Wallis test. P-values less than 0. 05 were considered statistically significant. of 266 pregnant women، 32 women (12%) were thyroid peroxides antibody positive. There were no significant statistical differences between delivery type and delivery time. (p=0. 37) Though premature delivery and premature rupture of membrane in treated group was lower than non-treated group and the average of newborns weight and newborns Apgar score was higher than non-treated group، this difference was not statistically significant. (p=0. 22، p=0. 34 and p=0. 16) Add tests for thyroid peroxidase antibodies to pregnancy care and treatment with levothyroxine in pregnant women with thyroid peroxides antibodies can reduce premature delivery and premature rupture of membrane and increase the average of newborns weight and newborns Apgar score.

IUD is one of the most effective and reversible methods of contraception with the widespread use worldwide. Spotting is the most important side effect of this method that due to discontinuing and removal of IUD. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are effective for treatment of spotting، but in previous study have not identified which one of these drugs is most effective. The aim of this study is to comparison the effects of naproxen، indomethacin and ibuprofen in treatment of spotting due to IUD insertion. This semi-experimental study was done in 2010. 943 women randomly allocated to naproxen group (250 mg/q 8 hrs)، indomethacin group (25 mg/q 12 hrs) or ibuprofen group (200 mg/q 6 hrs). Samples are women with IUD Cu T 380 A insertion during a month ago، referring to health centers of Karaj، Iran. All of samples completed 5 days duration of treatment and then they evaluated for spotting. Data analyzed using SPSS16 software with qui-square test، ANOVA and t-test. Significance level was considered 0. 95. All of three drugs were effective in treatment of spotting but base on qui-square test naproxen is the most effective one (p<0. 0001). The findings of this study show that naproxen is more effective than indomethacin and ibuprofen in treatment of spotting due to IUD insertion. Therefore we suggest 5 days protocol of naproxen for curing spotting due to IUD insertion.

Cervicovaginal infections are the most common problems in clinical medicine and a major cause of illness in women of reproductive age. Pap smear is a reliable technique and easiest method to evaluate and diagnose of cervicovaginal infections. The study aimed to determine the frequency of genital infections in pap smear samples at Sayyad Shirazi Hospital of Medical Center in Gorgan، Iran. In this cross-sectional descriptive research، consensus sampling is used on all 1010 cytology (Pap smear) sheets of women which had referred to the central teaching hospital (Shahid Sayyad Shirazi) in 2012. The data collected by two part checklist of demographic and pap smear information. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and analytical statistical test. P-values less than 0. 05 were considered statistically significant. 14. 15% Candida albicans and 3. 6% Trichomoniasis infections reported while 535 women (52. 9%) were from rural and 475 women (47. 1%) were from urban area. There was no infection in 431 women (80. 7%). The lowest infection rate was in women with mechanical contraceptive method. There was significant relationship between infection and age (p>0. 05). Infection is more frequent on sexually active women (P=0. 007) It seems that sexual health education for Sexually active women can be effective in preventing infection.