نشریه اصول بهداشت روانی
سال هفدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 64، آذر و دی 1393)

Past studies revealed that emotion is dysregulation in borderline personality. The Aim in This study was explored the relationship between borderline traits and emotional intelligence components, according to what discussed Bar-On's theory. The current study was conducted in cross sectional descriptive research context. A group of 274 normal participants from Tabriz and Sarab Payam-e-Noor universities students in the academic year 2010-11 using stratified random sampling method took part in this research, and answered to borderline personality and Bar-on’s emotional intelligence questionnaires. Data analyzed with using of the stepwise multivariate regression analysis method by SPSS-16 software. Emotional intelligence was suitable predictor towards borderline traits and can change the values of attributes that define the borderline traits (r2=0.13, P<0.001), especially four of fifteen components of emotional intelligence (self actualization, Impulse control, Problem solving and Independency) are more contribution in predicting borderline traits (F=32.58, P<0.001). Borderline traits and emotional intelligence are inversely related together, and this relationship can be explained in line of emotional disturbances of borderline personality.

Exercise training has well documented beneficial effects in a variety of cardiac disorders. This study was designed to assess the effects of exercise on an exercise rehabilitation program on the quality of life, depression and anxiety in heart failure patients referred for cardiac rehabilitation.

In this clinical trial,65 patients aged 50-70 years with heart failure among patients who referred to Institute of Heart Rehabilitation of Isfahan were assigned randomly to two groups of experimental (n=33) and control (n=32). Subjects in the experimental group participated in a supervised 8-week aerobic training program of 30-45 min sessions (3 days per week on alternate days), while those in the control group received standard medical care and were not involved in any regular training program during this period. At the beginning and the end of the exercise rehabilitation program, the Beck Anxiety and Depression inventories and short form of quality of life questionnaire were fulfilled for the assessment of depression, anxiety and quality of life.

The scores of quality of life, depression and anxiety showed a significant improvement in experimental compared to control group after 8 weeks exercise rehabilitation (P=0.001).

It seems that an appropriate application of exercise rehabilitation program would improve the psychological status and quality of life in long-term maintenance chronic heart failure patients.

Chronic pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage which persists for a minimum of six months. Attachment theory has been used to explain how individuals relate to each other during moments of pain. The purpose of this research is to identify pain management in people with chronic pain and secure attachment style. This study was conducted at the Pain and Neurology Clinic of the University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre from August 2009 to February 2010. 22 female patients with chronic pain were interviewed, using open-ended semi-structured interview guide in English language. Data were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Through IPA technique, ideal support themes were identified with five subthemes; emotional dependence on family, emotional closeness to friends, independence and self-sufficiency, preference to be with family, and need for support. Chronic pain patients reported that they needed to be emotionally close with their families during moments of pain as a coping style to soothe their pain through increased intimacy and closeness. Prolonged duration of pain led them to change their everyday life activities and increased the need for close relationships. Patients with chronic pain may have different forms of coping style. Chronic pain suppressed close relationship which may arise between patients and their family during moments of pain.

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is associated with a diminished quality of life and co morbidity with other anxiety and mood disorders. Acceptance-based behavior therapy (ABBT) is a new treatment that introduced for treatment of GAD. The current study compared ABBT to Applied Relaxation (AR) -the most utilized psychological therapy for GAD. Thirty two women with GAD who were referred from psychiatrics offices in Isfahan city were recruited to participate in the study. They were then administered the SCID/CV. Twenty four subjects who met the criteria for GAD were assigned to two groups (ABBT and AR) randomly. The groups received similar medication. The ABBT and AR participated in 12 weekly therapy sessions. The instruments used in the study at pre and post test included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 item scale (GAD-7) and Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ). The data were analyzed using the multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). No significant differences were found between ABBT and AR groups in anxiety symptoms and worry (P>0.05). Overall, based on the findings of this study, one can conclude that the acceptance-based behavior therapy does not seem to be different from the applied relaxation therapy for treatment of generalized anxiety disorder.

As the major attachment figures, mothers have an undeniable effect on behavioral development of children. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between attachment styles in mothers of 8 to 12 year-old children with and without behavioral problems. The samples of this causal-comparative study included 120 mothers of male and female elementary school students in schools of Neishabour (2013-14). Cluster sampling and random sampling methods were used for mothers of children with and without behavioral problems respectively. The study instruments included the RuttersBehavior Scale for children and the Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS) for mothers. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18, by independent samples t-test, and logistic regression. There is a significant difference between anxious and secure attachment styles in mothers of children with and without behavioral problems (P=0.0001 and P=0.001 respectively). However, there is no significant difference between avoidant attachment style in mothers of children with and without behavioral problems (P=0.138). The results of regression analysis also show that anxious and secure attachment styles can be considered as predictors of behavioral problems in children. The findings of the present study corroborate the attachment theory and show the importance of mother-child interaction. Mothers’ secure and insecure attachment styles can be an important predictor for behavioral problems in their children.

Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) as a negative emotion can be associated with specific patterns of brain behavioral system functions. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of Hofmann-based CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) in reducing anxiety symptoms and improving brain behavioral system functions in patients suffering from social anxiety disorder. This research is a semi-experimental study with a pretest/posttest plan. 20 SAD patients were randomly selected and divided equally into two groups (experimental and control). The experimental group underwent 12 sessions of Hofmann-based CBT, whereas the control group was placed in the waiting list. Anxiety disorder Interview Schedule for DSM-IV (ADIS-IV), Social phobia questionnaire, and Gary-Wilson’s personality questionnaire were used for evaluating results at pretests and posttests. Data were analyzed with descriptive indices and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) by SPSS software. The experimental group showed significant improvement in total scores of social phobia, including fear (P<0.001), avoidance (P<0.001), and physiological discomfort (P<0.001) Also, brain behavioral systems (including behavioral activation, behavioral inhibition, and fight/flight) showed significant improvement (P<0.001) in behavioral inhibition in the experimental group. Cognitive behavioral therapy based on Hofmann model is effective in patients suffering from social anxiety disorder, especially in improving anxiety symptoms and behavioral inhibition functions.

Renal failure patients with low health literacy are at an increased risk for poor self-care and negative health outcome. The purpose of the present study was to examine the prevalence of low health literacy, differences in negative emotional status and self-care behaviors by health literacy levels, and the mediating role of negative emotions on the relationship between health literacy and self-care among patients undergoing dialysis. In the cross-sectional study, we recruited 240 consecutive patients diagnosed with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) who had scheduled appointments at Tehran University of Medical Sciences-affiliated dialysis units from March 2014 until June 2014 based on the inclusion criteria. Instrument include: Mini Mental State Exam, Short test of Health Literacy for Adults, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 and Self-Management Scale. The findings indicated that health literacy was inadequate in 25%, marginal in 9.8%, and adequate in 65.2% of the cases. Depression, anxiety, stress and self-care scores differed significantly by health literacy levels (P

The prison environment is a potential major stressful factor in formation or aggravation of mental problems so this study aimed to evaluate the mental health indexes among prisoners in consultancy and ordinary wings of Central Mashhad Jail. All of the prisoners in the ordinary and counseling wings of Mashhad Jail in 2012 comprise the statistical community of this descriptive study. 300 prisoners (equally number among prisoners who jail in ordinary and counseling wings) selected randomly. Research instruments include: Beck Depression Inventory-II, Beck Anxiety Inventory, General Health Questionnaire, Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory and Personal Characteristics Form. Data analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistic indexes (comparison of independent means, variants analysis and regression analysis) and SPSS software. The anxiety and depression levels are lower among counseling group significantly (P<0.001) and this group had higher levels of general mental health and self-esteem (P<0.001). Self-esteem was the only variable that had a positive relation with the type of crime. Inmates charged with theft and disorderly conduct had a higher level of self-esteem than others. According to the findings of the present study, it seems that the counseling interventions in jails can improve the mental health indexes such as depression, anxiety, general mental health and self-esteem among prisoners.