فهرست مطالب خدیجه جمشیدی

Accumulation of iron is the most common consequences of repeated blood transfusions in β-thalassemia major patients. Iron chelating effects of alpha-lipoic acid have been reported by several studies. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of supplementation with alpha-lipoic acid, as a chelator, on serum iron and hematological indices in these patients.

Twenty-two β-thalassemia major patients were selected to receive 600 mg alpha-lipoic acid or placebo capsules for 8 w. After a 3-week washout period, order of intervention was replaced as patients who previously received placebo were administered the supplement vise versa for another 8 w. At the end of the study, changes in serum iron, total iron binding capacity and hematological parameters between the treatments were assessed.

Serum concentrations of iron and total iron binding capacity and hematological parameters did not change within the supplementation (p > 0.05). Changes in iron, total iron binding capacity and hematological indices were not significantly different between the two interventions (p > 0.05). White blood cell counts in placebo use increased significantly in males (p = 0.04). The mean corpuscular hemoglobin in placebo patients decreased significantly in all patients and males (p = 0.02 for both).

Results of this study revealed that alpha-lipoic acid supplementation included no beneficial effects on iron, total iron binding capacity and hematological indices in β-thalassemia major patients. Further studies with more participants and longer times are indispensable.

The healthcare sector is one of the most important sectors in the development of each country, and the disparities in the distribution of health resources will reduce the level of development. The aim of this study was to examine the physical accessibility and degree of development in healthcare resources in the cities of five western provinces, including Kermanshah, Kurdistan, Ilam, Lorestan and Hamadan by numerical taxonomy method in 2012.
The study sample of this cross-sectional study included 51 cities of five Western provinces of Iran. The physical accessibility and degree of development of healthcare resources were evaluated by numerical taxonomy technique using 23 indicators of health resources. Data were obtained from the statistical yearbooks of provinces in 2012. The data analysis was done by Excel and Arc GIS software.
The cities of Kermanshah and Salas-e-Babajani had the highest (F=0.59) and lowest (F=1.07) degree of development in terms of access to healthcare resources, respectively. Also, 50% of Kermanshah cities, 40% of Kurdistan cities, 37.5% of Ilam cities, 40% of Lorestan cities and about 88.8% of Hamadan cities were found to have good and very good status in access to healthcare services..
This study showed a large gap between the cities of one province and among the western provinces in access to healthcare resources.

The post-ophiolite igneous rocks with dacite/rhyolite composition outcropped in the ophiolitic complex of Sabzevar zone. The calc-alkaline and high silica adakitic nature of these rocks has been proved previously. The rocks display initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios and εNd(t) values of 0.70444 to 0.70382 and +5.30 to +6.18 respectively, as same as these values in MORB compositions. These isotopic signatures are corresponding to adakitic compositions derived from melting of the Cenozoic oceanic subducted slabs. The emplacement age of these rocks into the Sabzevar ophiolitic zone obtained about 48 Ma by SHRIMP II U–Pb method on separated zircons. The results show that parental magma of the Sabzevar adakitic rocks generated by partial melting of a garnet-amphibolite or eclogite source derived from metamorphism of Sabzevar subducted oceanic lithosphere in early Eocene time. Magma differentiation via amphibole fractionation was the main factor in the manifestation of more adakitic signatures in more-evolved rocks (rhyolites).

Some high silica adakitic domes with rhyolite، dacite، trachy-dacite، trachy-andesite and andesite compositions belonging to upper Eocene-Pliocene، trending W-NW، intruded in to the Cretaceous-Paleocene ophiolitic complex، the Eocene volcano-sedimentary series and in some cases the Oligocene-Miocene sedimentary rocks، and enclose some fragments of these rocks as xenoliths. The most abundant minerals in these rocks are plagioclase and amphibole with various textures such as felsitic porphyric، microlitic porphyric، sieve، flow and glomeroporphyric. The presence of large volumes of detritic fragments of these adakitic domes in the Pliocene conglomerates and their absence in the Miocene detritus indicate uplifting and exposing of the studied domes in the earth surface in the Miocene-Pliocene interval. The parent magma of these rocks has calc-alkaline and per-aluminous nature which is characteristics of the arc volcanics. These rocks fall into the field of high-silica adakites (HAS) in classification diagrams. Enrichment in light rare earth elements (LREEs) and large ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and depletion in heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) are obvious in their MORB، primitive mantle and chondrite normalized spider diagrams. Strong depletion in HFSEs including Nb، Ti and P which is signature of arc volcanic، can be observed in these rocks. According to the petrogenetic diagrams، the parental magma of the rocks studied generated by partial melting of an eclogitic-garnet amphibolitic source derived from metamorphism of the Sabzevar Neotethyan subducted oceanic slab underneath the southern edge of the eastern Alborz zone. Also، the magma has been subjected to assimilation، fractional crystallization (AFC) and crustal contamination during ascend to higher levels and emplacement into the ophiolitic belt. The presence of the xenoliths، corrosion and chemical disequilibrium of the phenocrysts and their sieve textures and (Sr87/Sr86) i ≈0. 7045 in these rocks support the occurrence of these processes.

Basaltic lavas have been reported at the base of the Shemshak Formation in some areas of the Alborz zone. However, detail observations of geological outcrops in different areas in eastern Alborz show that these rocks in most aereas around Shahrood (e.g. Gheshlagh in Khosh Yeilagh area) and Damghan (e.g. Tazare, Talo and Kalate Rodbar) are intrusive as sill, dike and small stocks and in few areas of Damghan (e.g. Cheshmeh Ali and Toyedarvar) and Semnan (e.g. Shahmirzad) are basaltic flows. High contents of Ti and P and alkaline nature of parental magma, supported by presence of apatite, primary and secondary sphenes and phlogopite in these rocks. Identification diagrams of magmatic series and tectonic setting discrimination diagrams have been proved an alkaline nature and intracontinental setting for these rocks. Enrichment in LREE and highly incompatible elements and depletion in HREE are obvious in chondrite and primitive mantle normalized spider diagrams. Parallel trends in patterns of REE variations, Pb-positive anomaly associated with patterns of compatible versus incompatible elements variation diagrams, indicating an unique source for these igneous rocks and the main role of fractional crystallization in the evolution of magma, although, minor amounts of assimilation and contamination of magma by crustal rocks occurred too. Geochemical investigations indicate that this alkaline magma has been formed by low degrees partial melting (10-15 %) of an enriched subcontinental lithospheric garnet-lerhzolitic mantle in an extensional intracontinental environment. This environment was an extensional proto-back-arc basin located on the passive continental margin of Alborz during Late Triassic-Early Jurassic time.