فهرست مطالب مجتبی امامی

Guiding research and changing its content by actors inside and outside of scientific community is a phenomenon that has attracted the attention of many researchers in the field of research governance. The purpose of this research is to describe a part of these researches to understand how research is governed. This description has been formed in the reciprocating with a more basic framework, i.e. the freedom-responsibility duality. Thus, by adopting a narrative review approach, after expressing an argument about the possibility of research governance, the main discussions about manner of arranging the authority relations in the field of research have been proposed with a view to the aforementioned duality. This duality, on one side of which is independence and scientific freedom (necessity of self-assignment of research tasks by the researcher) and on the other side of which is accountability and responsibility of research (compliance with external expectations from research), has been historically analyzed and the process of shifting from a contradictory relationship to an interactive and complementary relationship is described. Finally, seven lines of research from its manifestation in the formation of research governance mechanisms have been counted that common feature of all of them is a kind of influence on research while maintaining its functional necessity (research independence).

Kormanj and Turkmen are two major ethnic groups in the geography of Iran. Due to the distribution of these tribes in geographical areas, they behold their own culture and cultural elements. The housing of these communities bestows specific coordinates and features. Subsequently, the construction of a house and its body and spatial order is strongly influenced by the environment and culture to which it belongs, reading and analyzing the structure and body of the architecture of houses based on the needs and culture of the indigenous people that construct that community can aid designers and assisted planners in achieving the pattern of housing structure in that border and climate. This research is theoretically applied in terms of type of purpose and in terms of method combined with a descriptive and analytic outlook. Results indicate that in the old houses of Kormanj tribes, the role of privacy and gender characteristics in the separation of spaces and boundaries are more noticeable than the houses of Turkmen tribes. Features such as privacy, gender roles, the structure of family relationships and social relations and lifestyle are among the cultural features that have played a significant role in the formation of settlements in Kormanj and Turkmen.

Comparative study of cultural factors of Kormanj and Turkmen ethnic groups in shaping the architecture of settlements in Bojnourd city of North Khorasan province.
Recognizing the priority in physical and spatial elements in the architecture of Kormanj and Turkmen ethnic groups.

Which cultural factors in Kormanj and Turkmen ethnic groups are influential in shaping the architecture of settlements in Bojnourd city of North Khorasan province?
Which cultural factors in Kormanj and Turkmen ethnic groups have the greatest impact on the physical and spatial elements of houses in these two ethnic groups and in this region, respectively?

In different periods of history, tribal, ethnic, climatic, religious, etc. cultural characteristics have had an impact on the design of the architectural body. Differences in the cultural characteristics of different climates have led to the emergence of distinct shapes in living spaces and the shape of habitats. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of culture in the design of the architectural body in North Khorasan, Bojnourd city. Since the residents of this province and city are composed of different ethnicities, we selected two Turkmen and Kermanj ethnic groups and put the studies and studies done by focusing on these two ethnic groups, which constitute the majority of the residents of this city. In order to achieve this goal, three basic questions are raised: 1- What is the role of culture in the type of architectural body of North Khorasan province? 2- What is the most important cultural indicator influencing the form of cultural settlements in North Khorasan? 3- What is the most influential space of culture in architecture? Following the answers to the above questions, he studied systematic and systematic documents and then conducted a semi-structured interview with several elites in the relevant field. The results show cultural characteristics such as representation of relationships and gender roles, privacy and Privacy based on gender culture, individual and social ties have had the greatest impact on North Khorasan's colonial body. Based on the above cultural features, the architectural body between these two ethnic groups is classified into two types of introverted and extroverted architecture. Introverted architecture with an emphasis on the separation of public and private arenas among Kermanshah and extroverted architecture with an emphasis on the integration of public and private arenas among Turkmens.

Peripatetics believe that God created the world apart from himself. With acceptance of diversity in the world and with adopting a series of longitudinal causes, they make God as an efficiency cause at the top of the world. Illuminati also believed in diversity in the universe. Creation in their viewpoint is illumination, and similar to ray of sun, the world is a gleam of gleams from Light of lights. Mystics, unlike peripatetics and illuminati, believe to personal unity of existence. The world, from their viewpoint, is like a mirror which manifests Divine attributes and names in plural forms as the appearances of this Unit existence. In view of mystical, rather than divine efficiency cause, appearance or manifestation is proposed. In transcendent philosophy, mere existence is unit but also diverges in its unity, so that both unity and diversity is true. The universe consists of objective existents, so that inferior existent (effect) dependent to superior (cause) and superior keeps inferior. But at the top of Sadra’s philosophy—where his philosophy reaches to mysticism—the Unity is true and diversity is figurative. Genuineness disproves from other beings (not from appearances of them) and the efficiency cause reverses to the manifestation. This is not turning from early view, because these comments are not only in marked contrast but also in accordance with each other.

The innate need to Salvation and deliverance is the basic reason for people to adopt the religions. The divine religions including Islam and Christianity had recognized this need and sought to respond that. The soteriology that is among the very important theological matters in Islamic and Christianity tradition should be consider in comparative. The Christian salvation has differences from that of in Islam.The truth of Islamic Salvation that bears the negative conception is get away from plight, disaster, hardship, and suffering. The strict meaning of it differs from the prosperity and triumph that use in positive conception.Although, From the Islamic views, God is savior but the humankind, with its free will and active part, bring about the conditions to acceptance the God's salvage.The fundament of prevalent Christianity is proclamation to the Jesus salvation that brought to the humankind as a gift. In this creed, that had firmed on the knowledge of God, human and Christ, the humankind who was in bondage of sin and death without any capability itself for salvation.From the God's direct mediation, namely "Christ with his redemption", the atonement of human's sin was paid. Therefore, the humankind will be free from the bondage.