فهرست مطالب علی اکاتی

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of emotion control on students'  positive thinking about social anxiety.  The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group.  The  population of the study included high school students with social anxiety disorder who referred to educational and clinical centers in Zahedan in the academic year 1401-1400.    40 students were selected by available sampling method and then each of them was replaced by random sampling in two experimental (n = 20) and control (n = 20) groups.  The instruments were employed in this study included, Ingram and Wisnicki positive thinking questionnaire, Lajersa social anxiety questionnaire and emotion control training.  Emotion control training was provided to the experimental group in 8 sessions which each session eas 90 minutes, but the control group did not receive training.  Research data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance.  The  findings of this study showed that emotion control has effect on students' positive thinking about social anxiety;  In such a way that the subjects in the experimental group in the post-test stage have significantly more positive thinking and less social anxiety.  According to the results, it is suggested that emotion control be used as one of the effective adjunctive therapies in improving positive thinking and reducing students' social anxiety.

Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) aims to reduce the pain and improve the quality of life of patients with progressive osteoarthritis. When the indication of patients' disease is established, this type of surgery should be performed as soon as possible because patients' late attendance increases surgical complications. Therefore, identification of factors influencing the choice of this type of treatment approach is of great importance. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that influence the choice of this treatment approach in patients using the Apriori algorithm in the form of Association Rules.

This study is performed on 233 patients referring to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran for a knee replacement surgery; the needed data have been registered at Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center. In this study, after the preprocessing stage, the important factors in decision making of knee replacement surgery have been identified by using the Apriori algorithm and by its implementation in the software environment of RStudio. After being extracted, these factors and the relationship among them are given to orthopedic practitioners for confirmation.

In this study, flexion contracture above 20 degrees, deformity (varous-valgus) above 15 degrees, final flexion between 51-75 degrees, and medial cartilage destruction were, respectively, the most important factors in selecting patients for knee replacement therapy.

The results showed that data-mining Algorithms could be used to identify effective factors to select patients for this treatment approach.

Tibia and femur fractures are among the most common fractures and intramedullary nailing is the standarad treatment. This study was performed to determine the best preoperative method for estimating the intramedullary nail length.
In a cross sectional study, 82 patients with tibia and 25 patients with femur shaft fracture were studied in a training center of Kerman-Iran. The estimated preoperative intramedullary nail length and the length of used nail at operation were compared. The measurment methods for femur fractures were greatrer trochanter-patella, greater trochanter-lateral epicondyle and olecranon-fithe finegr tip; and for tibia fractures were medial malleolus-tuberosity, intact leg radiogram and olecranon fifth metacarp were assessed. Data was assesed by statistical methods.
Almost all of the examined methods showed "good" interobserver and intraobserver reliability. In femur fracture, the greater to patella method showed the best ICC (0.876) and the lowest SEM (0.777). In tibia fracture, best ICC (0.860) and the lowest SEM (0.602) were for medial malleolus tubercle method. For femur fractures, 64% of the measurements in greater to patella, 93% in olecranon fifth finger, 100% of greater to epicondyle methods; and for tibia fractures 40.9% in medial malleolus tubercle, 37.3% of olecranon metacarp and 65.06% of radiogram method were larger than the nail used at operation.
The best method for estimation of nial length was medial malleolus to tuberosity for tibia fractures, and greater to patella method for femur fractures; however none of the examined methods was found completely suitable.

Frozen shoulder is a painful condition in which surgery may be helpful in case of failure of conservative treatment. In this prospective study we tried to compare two common methods of surgical treatment.
Between 2011 and 2012, 54 patients with frozen shoulder were treated by one of the two methods of arthroscopic release and manipulation under anesthesia. The variables studied were postoperative pain, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) and Simple shoulder test (SST) scores, range of motion in different directions and pain in the last follow up.
Findings: All the patients in the two groups had significant improvement in comparison to preoperative scores at the least follow up of one year. The difference between the two groups was not significant in internal rotation, forward flexion and pain in the last follow up, but among the other variables, the arthroscopy group showed more improvement. No statistically significant association was found among the variables and diabetes, age, dominant limb involvement and sex.
Based upon the findings of the present study it seems that both manipulation under anesthesia and arthroscopic release are effective treatments for frozen shoulder.

There have been investigations on the effect of absence or presence of Palmaris longus tendon on pinch and grip strength of the hand. In the same way the effect of presence of fifth superficial flexor digitorum on grip strength of the hand has been investigated. The aim of the present study was to assess the combined effect of these anatomical variations on pinch and grip strength.
In a cross sectional study, 1046 hands in 523 volunteers were enrolled. Each hand was assessed for the presence or absence of palmaris longus tendon and also variations of fifth superficial flexor digitorum function. Then the grip and pinch power of the hands were measured with Jammar Dynamometer.
Presence or absence of Palmaris longus had no effect on grip strength of the individuals. In the same way, variations of fifth superficial flexor digitorum function had no effect on the grip and pinch strengths. But the positive and statistically significant effect of presence of palmaris longus on pinch strength (25.38 in hands with palmaris present v/s 24.43 in hands without it) was evident (p=.03). Grip and pinch powers were higher in men compared to women (p Based upon the findings of the present study, it seems that absence of palmaris longus tendon is associated with a reduction in pinch strength, but has no effect on grip strength and the variations of fifth superficial flexor digitorum have no effect on pinch and grip strengths.