a. hasanzadeh

Mupirocin is used to decolonize Staphylococcus aureus using inhibiting protein synthesis. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the pattern of antibiotic resistance and determine the phenotypic and genotypic resistance to mupirocin in S. aureus isolated from nasal carriers.

In this cross-sectional study, 121 nasal swabs were collected from healthcare workers. Methicillin-resistant strains were tested using cefoxitin disk in the antibiogram test and mecA gene amplification in PCR method. E-test method was performed to check high and low level resistance to mupirocin and finally the genes encoding resistance to mupirocin including ileS-1, mupA and mupB were identified using PCR.

68 isolates (56.2%) of S. aureus were isolated, of which 42 isolates (61.8%) were MRSA. Also, the highest and lowest levels of resistance were related to tetracycline (70.1%) and gentamicin (16.2%). Only, 7 isolates (16.7%) of MRSA and 2 isolates (7.6%) of S. aureus sensitive to methicillin were resistant to mupirocin. MIC E-test results showed that 7 and 2 strains had high and low level resistance to mupirocin, respectively. Also, one strain (11.1%) had iles-1 gene and 5 strains (55.5%) had mupA gene.

The results showed a relatively high prevalence of colonization and antibiotic resistance in S. aureus strains isolated from healthcare workers; therefore, it is essential to carry out further studies and necessary measures to reduce the amount of carriers.

Without an effective monitoring system, organizations cannot successfully accomplish their missions and properly allocate their resources. Millions of health insurance transactions are conducted every month. These transactions should be examined from both a "real" and "scientific" perspective. Investigating this volume of transactions, detecting errors and misconduct, and preventing misconduct requires intelligent monitoring. A model that enables intelligent monitoring for health insurance holistically and taking into account the main beneficiaries has not yet been presented. This research focuses on developing a model for smart monitoring in basic health insurance.

A detailed action design research (ADR) methodology consisting of two diagnostic and four design cycles within the Iranian Health Insurance Organization was applied in this research. This model proposes four separate ADR cycles for the diagnosis, design, implementation, and evolution of the artifact development solution, and in each cycle it goes through the activities of problem formulation, artifact creation, evaluation, reflection, and learning. The required control patterns for the organization's interaction in a business network were identified using agency theory. The concepts and problems of supervision in health insurance were categorized in the first cycle of diagnosis and conceptualization of the problem using systematic mapping. In the second cycle, 24 interviews were conducted using the snowball method to identify the current situation of the organization as well as the issues and problems. Finally, a system model that provides smart monitoring in health insurance was presented based on the components of smart monitoring.

The proposed model for smart surveillance in health insurance includes five levels. First, the data resource layer includes internal and external organizational systems that provide the data resources required for surveillance. Second, the data storage layer includes the data warehouse where data is extracted, transformed and loaded from various sources. Thirdly, the data presentation, analysis and knowledge capture layer provides monitoring reports, analysis tools and data mining techniques for knowledge extraction. Text mining methods extract knowledge from the texts available in the company's knowledge portal. The fourth layer, the knowledge storage layer, involves loading the extracted knowledge into the knowledge repository. Finally, the knowledge utilization and presentation layer provides a system for searching, displaying and using knowledge that is linked to the knowledge portal and the company's transaction systems.

This research provides a framework of process and outcome criteria for basic health insurance, control, and monitoring based on the organization theory and the monitoring process. By adding the knowledge warehouse and data warehouse, the current research model enables the coverage of all types of knowledge and includes various monitoring criteria. The advantage of the presented model is that by combining the concepts of data warehouse, knowledge extraction, knowledge warehouse and knowledge portal, it creates a framework for better decision making in all organizations. For health insurance companies in particular, the model presented provides a framework of outcome criteria and a process based on health insurance beneficiaries that can form the basis for the work of the monitoring department.

In this research, our main objective is more accurate pricing of life insurance products with a new approach of predicting mortality or survival rates. Currently, a life table is used to calculate the current value of pensions, insurance premiums, etc. Therefore, to increase the accuracy of our calculations, we are looking for a mortality prediction model for such calculations. Therefore, in this research, instead of static pricing (only using the latest life table), we used life table prediction and dynamically rated life insurance products.

In this research, a new model proposed to predict the probability of human mortality (survival) based on the Markov process, a limited state with an absorption state (death). This model measured based on the physiological age, because the physiological age of each person can be checked based on different laboratory indicators, and finally it has led to the results of the individual health index. In addition, the parameters of this model are the initial probability vector and the sub-intensity matrix of a Markov chain that changes over time. In other words, in this model, according to a possible process in the model, the initial probability vector over time selects the possible interval of the physiological age equivalent to the chronological age.

To show the satisfactory performance of this model, the relevant data set from the United States of America was analyzed. The predicted results with the presented model are better than Lee Carter''''s model. It should be noted that the number of parameters of the model introduced in this research is much less compared to the Lee Carter model and other mortality or survival prediction models. Based on this model, a closed form for life insurance pricing relationships is obtained, which simplifies these calculations for users.

The relationships obtained for pricing were investigated based on two products, 5-year term life insurance and also a 5-year term pension. The fitted results for the model used in the predictions of the probability of mortality as well as the probability of survival and pricing are very satisfactory.

This paper presents a new fuzzy direct power control of double-fed induction generators (DFIG) in the wind power system. The most important issue in the application of DFIG generators is proper control of the active and reactive powers of these generators, which are generally carried out by vector control or direct torque/power control methods. Direct power control (DPC) directly controls the active and reactive powers of the stator, and stems from results from direct torque control. To use the vector control method, it is necessary to use conventional PI controllers the main disadvantage being the controller robustness due to the nonlinear behavior of the wind turbine and blade oscillations, and it is unavoidable that after a while, the controller's coefficients need to be updated. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to present a direct power control method based on fuzzy construction to overcome the mentioned problem. Simulation results of the proposed strategy are extracted under different performance conditions, and these results are compared with the conventional vector-oriented control method. These comprehensive results exhibit the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy DPC method for the DFIGs based wind power systems.

For an economic review of food prices in May 2019 to determine the trend of rising or decreasing prices compared to previous periods, we considered the price of food items at that time. The types of items consumed during specific periods in urban areas and the whole country are selected for our statistical analysis. Among the various methods of modelling and statistical prediction, and in a new approach, we modeled the data using data mining techniques consisting of decision tree methods, associative rules, and Bayesian law. Then, prediction, validation, and standardization of the accuracy of the validation are performed on them. Results of data validation in the urban and national area and the results of the standardization of the accuracy of validation in the urban and national area are presented with the desired accuracy.

Smart polymers as a subset of smart materials have the ability to memorize their original form and return after reforming by inducing some stimulus. In this study, shape-memory polymers were manufactured in layers by 3D printing methods. Using this method, by controlling the percentage of each material in the sample and layer design the shape memory properties are investigated. The advantages of this method compared to other methods such as blending are the control simplicity of the impacting factors on the shape memory property, construction of complex parts, and improved shape memory property. TPU with elastic property and semi-crystalline PLA materials were used to achieve shape memory property and the samples printed out in TPU-UP and PLA -UP states to investigate the layer design effect. The results of shape memory tests showed that the number of layers, their arrangement, and shape memory properties can be easily controlled and designed. The results of DMTA test indicated that the recovery temperature in layered samples is lower than the other methods and the percentage of PLA and TPU can be controlled the recovery temperature. The recovery speed of layered samples in this study is very higher than previous studies, due to the amount of saved energy in TPU and the multilayered construction. Shape memory tests depicted that TPU increases the recovery ratio and the PLA increases the fixity ratio. The reason lay in the increase of the switching point percentage including crystallization, Tg, and reduction of cross-links which play the role of network cross.

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between educational practice of volunteer health workers (VHWs) and preventive behavior of households (HH) under their coverage regarding cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) based on the BASNEF model in Yazd City, Iran

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, all the 60 VHWs in the CL-endemic regions in Yazd City were interviewed and completed a valid and reliable questionnaire designed by the investigator. In addition, from among the households under coverage of each one of the VHWs, 2 HHs were selected randomly and their heads were interviewed and completed the relevant questionnaire (total n=120). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

There was a positive correlation between the knowledge and attitude of VHWs and knowledge of the households, as well as between the VHW's behavioral intention and household's behavior. Further analysis of the data also revealed a positive correlation between the enabling factors of VHWs and the knowledge, behavioral intention, enabling factors and behaviors of families, as well as between educational behavior of VHWs and knowledge, attitude and behavior of the families.

Volunteer health workers can potentially play an important role in case-finding, prevention and timely treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. However, merely promoting their awareness of the disease will not lead to improvements in their educational behavior in the community. More effective education aiming at promoting their awareness and enabling factors, as well as developing better attitude in them, will certainly result in better behavior of households and control of the disease.

Wave induced hydrodynamics within the near shore region; sediment transport and the subsequent evolution of beaches under wave attack are important elements governing the stability of the coastal structures. Based on surf zone hydrodynamics, several efforts have been made to estimate the sediment transport and beach profile formation during storm conditions. Although there are advanced models of surf zone hydrodynamics for natural beaches, the behavior of the beaches in front of reflective structures (i.e. seawalls) under breaking waves still suffers from the lack of appropriate theoretical models and measured data. In order to consider the effect of reflective structures on beach profile evolution, experiments have been performed at laboratory model scale on a reflective seawall located in the surf zone. In this paper, the measurement data has been analyzed with Buckingham theory and certain equations have been derived the results obtained from utilizing the equations have been compared with the experimental data. For the cases simulated, the reflected waves have been found to have a great effect on the beach profile development. The results obtained from the experiments show a strong dependency of the surf zone hydrodynamics and beach profile formation on the location of the structure and the breaking point near the shoreline.

Introdaction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic and side effects of erythropoietin in the management of anemia in chronic renal failure. In this study, 60 patients were given Erythropoietin subcutaneously three times/week for 2 months.

Mean hemoglobin of patients was recorded before beginning Erythropoietin and also one weeks, one month and two months after treatment.

Mean hemoglobin value before treatment was 7.6 g/dl that increased to 9.08g/dl 2 months later. Hemoglobin levels were not dependent on the age and sex of the patient, but there was a meaningful difference between diabetics and nondiabetics.

The side effects of Erythropoietin in this study in order of frequency were as follows: Hypertension, A.V fistula thrombosis, allergy and seizure.