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The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the Nurse Competency Predicting Scale (NCPS) scores and those of the Principles and the course of Techniques of Nursing Procedures (PTNPs), particularly its theoretical and practical units, among nursing students.
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This cross-sectional study was conducted on the new entrance nursing students at the Guilan University of Medical Sciences. In total, 175 nursing students were recruited by the census method. Then, the NCPS was completed online, and the data analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation coefficient, ANOVA, and t-test by SPSS 21.  

The mean NCPS score of the students was 73.14±10.23. A statistically significant relationship was observed between the nursing students’ paramedic clinical experience, reason for choosing nursing as their field of study, interest in studying nursing, desire to work in the nursing profession, and intention of doing a PhD degree and their NCPS scores (p<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant relationship between the NCPS scores and scores of the course of PTNPs, and the first internship scores (p>0.05).

The capacity to acquire NC among the new entrance nursing students is at a high level. Here, the students with the intention of doing a PhD, and a history of paramedic clinical experience, interested in studying nursing and working in the nursing profession reported a higher NC. Considering these key factors during university admissions can be suggested to strengthen NC in the nursing profession.

Evaluating the quality of educational services in universities is a necessity to move towards excellence. Internal evaluation as the first step of the accreditation process leads to the identification of strengths and weaknesses and correction of processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the internal residency training course of Guilan University of Medical Sciences, determine the strengths and weaknesses of this department and present the results to the relevant authorities to eliminate the shortcomings.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in the internal department of Guilan University of Medical Sciences in 2022. The statistical population included all faculty members and residents of the internal department of Razi Educational and Medical Center of Guilan University of Medical Sciences (N=76). In this study, the accreditation model based on the standards of the World Federation of Medical Education (WFME) has been used for internal evaluation. Data collection tools were identified for each standard including questionnaire, observation and review of available documents. The designed questionnaires were administered through EPOLL platform after confirming the validity and reliability. Necessary information was also collected from observational data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics using SPSS.

The findings of the present study showed that in the domain of mission and goals, residency training program of the internal department of Guilan University of Medical Sciences, was at 67% of the major compliance and 33% of full compliance. In the domain of managerial structure 100% full compliance, in the domain of educational process 55% of full compliance, and 45% of major compliance, in the domain of rules and regulations of the residency course 69% of full compliance and 31% of major compliance, in the domain of evaluation 89% full compliance and 11% of major compliance and in the domain of educational conditions and resources, 62% of full compliance and 38% of major compliance were observed. Overall, out of 52 standards reviewed in the process of internal evaluation of the internal medicine department, 67% were at full compliance and 33% were at major compliance.

Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that according to the mission and goals of the internal department, although with all its might has been relatively successful in training internal residents, but also has some shortcomings that by planning and eliminating of the identified deficiencies in this research we can make a qualitative leap in the training of internal residents.

Endoscopy is known to cause significant anxiety in the patients in the clinical setting. Aromatherapy is a complementary medicine technique used to alleviate anxiety. The present study aimed to assess the effect of aromatherapy with lavender essential oil on the preoperative anxiety of endoscopy candidates in Iran.

This clinical trial was conducted at the endoscopy department of Razi Hospital in Rasht, Iran during January 2018-August 2019. The sample population included 70 patients who were selected via convenience sampling based on the inclusion criteria and randomly divided into two groups of intervention and placebo. After completing the informed consent form, data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory. One hour before endoscopy, the intervention group received aromatherapy with 10% lavender essential oil, and the placebo group received aromatherapy with placebo for 30 minutes. The anxiety inventory was completed again before endoscopy. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21 using statistical tests (P<0.05).

The mean age of the patients was 47.12±16.75 years, and the majority of the participants were female. After the intervention, the mean score of anxiety decreased in the intervention group compared to the placebo group, and the difference was considered significant (P=0.001).

According to the results, aromatherapy with lavender essential oil was effective in the reduction of pre-endoscopic anxiety in the patients. Considering the low cost, safety, and simplicity of this method, aromatherapy could be used as a complementary measure to reduce anxiety in patients before endoscopy.

The species diversity of bumblebees was investigated in two provinces, Tehran (Fasham, Zayegan) and Qazvin (Alamut, Wikan) in central Alborz during 2005-2006. Three casts of queen, worker and male bumblebees were collected during spring and summer in six dates in the two mentioned regions. Sampling of adult bees in Wikan was done from 26 July 2006 until 19 September 2006, and in Zayegan from 24 May 2006 to 17 September 2006. In sum, eleven species were collected of which eight species were common in the two regions. Data of different species casts at two regions were analyzed by Excel ver. 6 and Ecological Methodology ver. 6. 1. 2 soft wares. Species diversity of two regions was determined and compared with three indices of Simpson, Shannon-Weiner and Brillion, and evenness was calculated with indices of Simpson, Camargo and Esmit-Willson. Species richness of two regions was compared in research. The obtained results showed species diversity, evenness and species richness were more observable in Wikan compared with Zayegan. Consequently, Wikan in comparison with Zayegan was more sustainable. Similarity of two regions was 0/46, showing many differences in terms of the kinds. Also, there were 8 similar species in the two areas.

Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) is characterized by impaired renal function, which is progressive & irreversible. Most of these patients will need hemodialysis (HD) in future. Treatment of CRF with HD has many echonomical & psychiatric problem for patients & society.

The present study was carried out to investigate the reasons of chronic renal failure in hemodialysis patients in Guilan Province.

In this cross-sectional study, 414 Patients under HD were evaluated in 10 center in Guilan. Required data were obtained from doctor’s note, sonography, ECG, renal biopsy & history taking include: age, sex, how long form 1st dialysis & causes of CRF

In this study 414 cases including 213 (51.4 %) male & 201 (48.6 %) female were studied. Mean age of patients was 48.9±15.9 in initiation of HD. Results showed that the most common causes of ESRD in this region were hypertension (26.1%), glomerulonephritis (10.9%), diabetes mellitus (10.1%) renal stone (8.7%) and polycystic kidney (6.8%). Other cases such as congenital disease, lupus, Alport syndrome, trauma, bleeding during labor hemorrhagia and drugs were 10.1% and 23.4% were unknown.

The most common causes of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in this region was hypertension (26.1%) and also In this study, glomerulonephritis and diabetes mellitus were second and third causes of ESRD. Also nephrolithiasis, as a cause of CRF was more common in this region. This can be related to probable high-risk prevalence of nephrolithiasis in this region. Causes of CRF between two sexes or age >40 and <40 were different significantly. (p<0.05)