aida yahyazadeh

Specific learning disorder (SLD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders that causes problems in the field of academic skills. The current investigation aimed to assess the effectiveness of Internet-based mindfulness training on parental burnout and self-compassion of mothers with children with SLD.

This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with the control group. The research sample included 32 mothers of children with SLD in Fuman City in the academic year of  2022 _ 2023, who were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in the Internet-based mindfulness training course for 8 weekly sessions, while the control group received their usual training center. The research tools were the Roskam Parental Burnout Questionnaire (2018) and Raes's (2011) Self-Compassion Scale. The data were analyzed by analysis of covariance and Spss 27 software.

The results showed that the average score post-test in the experimental group changed relative to the control group and that means parental burnout scores of the experimental group decreased (F = 82.001, P < 0.05) and the self-compassion scores increased (F = 226.320, P < 0.05).

The results showed that Internet-based mindfulness training with emphasis on components such as becoming mindful of thoughts and feelings, and being present in the moment, reduces parental burnout and improves the level of self-compassion in mothers with children with SLD. Therefore, it can be implemented by experts in different fields as one of the axes of parent training.

Obesity is considered a source of psychological distress.

This study aims is investigating anxiety, depression, and the quality of life in people with obesity and overweight living in Rasht, North Iran.

This analytical cross-sectional research was carried out on 134 subjects between 18 and 45 years old who had referred, for the first time, to the Nutrition Ward of Subspecialty Clinic Beesat in Rasht in 2017-18 with overweight or obesity. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and a questionnaire of health-related quality of life known as the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey(SF-36) were used to identify the subjects’ level of depression, anxiety, and quality of life. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS 23.

Totally, 49 overweight (36.6%) and 85 obese patients (63.4%) were investigated. 46 (34.4%) suffered from moderate to severe anxiety and 38 (28.4%) had moderate to severe depression. Furthermore, the average score of quality of life was 65.54 ± 17.37. There was a significant difference in terms of anxiety and quality of life between overweight and obese people. Also, out of the 8 dimensions of quality of life, physical function and general health had a significant negative correlation with BMI. No significant relationship was found between obesity and depression.

An increase in BMI leads to a rise in anxiety and a decrease in the quality of life. By considering the role of psychological factors in obesity, mental health interventions can prevent and control this condition and improve people’s quality of life.

Obesity is considered a source of psychological distress. Aim of this study is investigating anxiety, depression, and the quality of life in people with obesity and overweight living in Rasht, North of Iran.

This analytical cross-sectional research was carried out on 134 subjects between 18 and 45 years old who had referred, for the first time, to the Nutrition Ward of Subspecialty Clinic Beesat in Rasht in 2017-18 with overweight or obesity. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and a questionnaire of health-related quality of life known as the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used to identify the subjects’ level of depression, anxiety, and quality of life. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS 23.

Totally, 49 overweight (36.6%) and 85 obese patients (63.4%) were investigated. 46 (34.4%) suffered from moderate to severe anxiety and 38 (28.4%) had moderate to severe depression. Furthermore, the average score of quality of life was 65.54 ± 17.37. There was a significant difference in terms of anxiety and quality of life between overweight and obese people. Also, out of the 8 dimensions of quality of life, physical function and general health had a significant negative correlation with BMI. No significant relationship was found between obesity and depression. An increase in BMI leads to a rise in anxiety and a decrease in the quality of life. By considering the role of psychological factors in obesity, mental health interventions can prevent and control this condition and improve people’s quality of life.

Drug use is a phenomenon that causes many harms. Studies have shown personality traits make people vulnerable to drug abuse biologically and neurotic. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between addiction severity and quality of life with type D personality.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018. From two-hundred men referred to the Methadone treatment center of Shafa hospital in Rasht between eighteen and forty-five years old, hundred were randomly selected and completed the D-type Personality Questionnaire. Based on the sample size formula, twenty subjects from each group with and without personality type D were selected and completed the addiction severity questionnaire ASI and thirty-six-Item Short Form Survey SF-36. The data were analyzed using SPSS22.

There was a significant difference between the mean scores in the ASI questionnaire in the two groups of individuals with and without D-type personality.(P=0.0001) From the subscales of the SF-36 questionnaire, there was a significant relationship between physical function, role impairment, energy/fatigue, emotional well-being, and general health in both groups with and without personality type D. There was a significant difference between individuals with and without personality type D in the severity of addiction according to educational level.(P=0.017)

Findings of the study showed that personality type D explained the severity of addiction and quality of life. The level of education and awareness of people had the greatest impact on drug tendency.

Psychiatrists use different scales to evaluate post-stroke depression; however, some concerns have raised about their low specificity.

This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Post-Stroke Depression Scale (PSDS) in Iran.

In this analytical cross-sectional study, 155 patients with stroke who were referred to neurology clinics in Rasht City, Iran, were interviewed by a psychiatric assistant (Gold Standard DSM-5 interview was used to separate the depressed from the non-depressed). The participants were then assessed by the PSDS and the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Moreover, a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve with the standard Gold DSM-5 interview was used to determine the ability of the scales and to categorize depression. Eventually, the data were analyzed in SPSS v. 19.

Data analysis indicates that the factor structure of HADS is one-dimensional, and exploratory and confirmatory analysis supported the fit for the one-factor model as the best fitting model. Bartlett test (The Chi-square=408.217, df=28, P<0.001) showed significant relationships between variables. The internal consistency of HADS was 0.638 for depression and 0.617 for anxiety. The test-retest reliability is equal to for 60 subjects were randomly re-evaluated within one to two weeks, reported that r=0.783, for anxiety and r=0.741 for depression. Finally, based on the ROC curve, the cut-off point of 9 was chosen, and the different severity of depression was distinguished by 9, 14, and 20.

The Persian version of PSDS possesses appropriate psychometric properties among the Iranian population.

Youth smoking has long been a major concern at individual, familial, and national levels. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the role of parent-child relationship in the smoking behavior and smoking intensity among college students. We also aimed to investigate gender-specific variations in the association between mother-child and father-child relationships and smoking behavior and its intensity among female and male college students.
The sample consisted of college students (N=242: 142 smokers, 99 nonsmokers) who were selected using snowball sampling method among the students of Guilan University. Participants completed the parent-child relationship survey and Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence. Binary and multinomial logistic regressions were used for analyzing.
Results showed that mother-child relationship, but not father-child relationship, was the significant predictor of smoking status. Also, mother-child relationship could predict low to moderate levels of dependence on nicotine. Finally, among male students, mother-child relationship was the significant predictor of smoking. Neither mother-child nor father-child relationships were the significant predictors of smoking status among female students.
Further research is needed to clear our understanding of gender-specific correlates of smoking among youth.

Background and One of the most common learning disorders in students is dyslexia that caused many negative consequences. The present study is conducted with the aim of compare motivation to reading, self –concept of reading, and attitudes toward reading in students with and without dyslexia.
In terms of methodology, this research design is a sectional- analytical study. The statistical population of the study is comprised of all elementary students with dyslexia in Rasht, Iran, in the academic year 2013-2014. 108 of students (54 subjects without dyslexia and 54 subjects with dyslexia) were selected with convenience sampling. To collect of data, Official Reading and Dyslexia Test (ORDT), and the Motivations for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ), Reading Self-concept, and Attitude toward Reading were used.
The finding of Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed that there are significant differences between children with and without dyslexia in at least one of the dependent variables (p The findings showed that educational problems of dyslexic students have a negative impact on their psychological aspects that need to be considered.

Social behaviors impact on over all aspects of life of children and affect their social adjustment and happiness. Therefore¡ the purpose of the study was to compare the students with learning disability and normal students in different problematic social situations.
This resea-rch was an Ex Post Facto design. The statistical population includes all elementary students with learning disability and normal students in 2013-2014 academic years. The sample of study consists of 99 students with learning disability that were selected by random cluster sampling method. Also¡ 112 normal students matched in terms of their age and intelligence was selected. Taxonomy of Problematic Social Situations for Children was used for collecting data (Dodge¡ et al¡ 1985).
The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that children with learning disabilities in compare with normal children had lower performance in problematic social situations. The results of univariate analysis of variance also revealed that score of children with learning disability is significantly higher than normal children in components such as peer group entry¡ response to provocation¡ response to failure¡ response to success¡ social expectations¡ and teacher expectations.
The results of this study show that students with learning disabilities should receive more training in social skills such as partnership and cooperation¡ finding friend¡ relationships with adults and peers stimulation.

The purpose of the present study was to compare the socially problematic conditions in blind and deaf students on the one hand with normal students on the other hand.
This research is a causal-comparative study. The population consisted of all students with learning disability in 2013-2014 school year. A sample of 100 students was selected through random cluster sampling. Also 100 normal students were selected after they were matched with their peers in the other group for age and intelligence as the comparison group. To collect data, Taxonomy of Problematic Social Situations for Children (Dodge, 1990) was used as research tool. Multivariate analysis of variance and univariate analysis of variance were used to analyze the data.
Statistically significant differences were found between the groups under investigation, namely, normal students on one hand and deaf and blind students on the other hand, with respect to components of the problematic social situations scale (p It was found that children with visual and hearing impairment have problems in the components of entering the peer group, response to stimulation, response to the failure, response to success, social expectations, and teacher expectations. So, it is suggested that interventional and effective plans should be formulated to deal with the problem.

The present study is conducted with the aim of analyzing the effectiveness of story reading training in increasing the reading motivation of dyslexic students. In terms of methodology, this research project is a pilot study and uses the pretest-posttest control-group design. The statistical population of the study is comprised of all elementary students with dyslexia in Rasht, Iran, in the academic year 2013-2014. 24 of these students were selected via convenience sampling and randomly placed into experimental and control groups. The data collection instruments of this study include the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) (Wechsler, 1969), the Official Reading and Dyslexia Test (ORDT) (Karami-noori and Moradi, 2009), and the Motivations for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ) (Wigfield and Guthrie, 1997). The experimental group students attended eight sessions of story reading training whereas the control group students did not receive any training. An analysis of covariance between pretest and posttest reading motivation scores showed that, after neutralizing the impact of pretest scores, story reading has a significant impact on the overall posttest scores of reading motivation. Besides, a test on the effects of intergroup contact showed that, after neutralizing the impact of pretest scores, story reading has a significant impact on the posttest scores of reading motivation subscales. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that story reading strategies training can be used as an effective educational program in solving the problems of dyslexic students.

Reading is one of the basic skills required in this era. Obviously, reading disorders can cause many problems for individuals. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of storytelling on enhancing self-concept and attitude towards reading in students with dyslexia.
The present study in terms of methodology was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with control and experimental groups. The population in this study consisted of all elementary school students with dyslexia in the academic year 2013-2014, of whom 24 students were randomly selected and assigned into two experimental and control groups, randomly. To collect data in the study, intelligence test (Wechsler, 1969), official test of reading and dyslexia (Karami Nouri and Moradi, 2009), reading self-concept questionnaire (Ahluwalia, 1961), and reading attitude questionnaire (Mackena and Kerr, 1990) were employed. Story training program was held in 8 sessions for students in the experimental group; however, the control group received no training in this regard.
The results of ANCOVA for posttest scores of self-concept and attitudes toward reading showed that, removing the pre-test scores effects, the effect of storytelling on post-test scores was significant (p According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that teaching an application such as story-based training as a new creative approach to students with dyslexia can arouse their interest in reading and modify their misconceptions about themselves.