mohammadjavad abbasi

Due to the progress of science and technology and the improvement of quality in health care, public health has improved in general and social welfare has been increasingly improved, which leads to an increase in the number of elderly people around the world. Therefore, investigating factors affecting the social health of elderly tourists is one of the necessities of the 21st century. The purpose of this research is to identify the most important factors affecting the social health of the elderly.

The method of collecting information was library and field (keyes standard questionnaire) and descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The statistical population of the research is the elderly tourists present in the Asara section and the sample size is estimated to be 384 people through the infinite Cochran formula, which was used to perform the exploratory factor analysis test using Spss software and for confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling was used using Amos Graphics software.

Based on the findings of the exploratory factor analysis of factors affecting the social health of elderly tourists in the study area; The highest to lowest impact with the variance percentage of the eigenvalue, respectively, includes: social participation 15.974%, social solidarity 12.622%, social flourishing 10.938%, social acceptance 10.677%, social cohesion 10.357% and belonging Social is 8.195%. The findings of the confirmatory factor analysis section based on structural equation statistics; It shows that the chi-square index with the value of 77.629 is significant and the relative indices with the value of 0.030 for the square root index of the residual mean square, the comparative indices with the value of 0.938 indicate the appropriateness of the model and indicate the appropriate situation and confirm the goodness of the model fit.

 In the first part, by performing the exploratory factor analysis method; It can be concluded that six factors (social participation, social solidarity, social prosperity, social acceptance, social cohesion and social belonging) were able to explain more than 68% of the cumulative variance of the social health components of the elderly, and the social participation factor has the highest effect and factor. Social belonging has the lowest effect among the six factors affecting the social health of elderly tourists. In the second part of the research, using confirmatory factor analysis, it can be concluded that the identified factors on the social health of elderly tourists in the study area are significant and positive, and the model has appropriate power in line with the appropriateness and significance of the factors affecting the social health of elderly tourists in Asara district.

The aim of the current research is to model the environmental quality of tourist attractions on the satisfaction of tourists in Zanjan city. The research method is a descriptive-analytical type that was carried out by a survey method. The statistical population of the research is the tourists of Zanjan city in 2021. In order to determine the number of research samples, due to the unknown number of statistical population, the required number of samples was 350 questionnaires. In order to analyze the data, the statistical test of factor analysis, single-sample T-test was used in EXCEL software, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used in Amos Graphics software environment. by using the factor analysis test in order to evaluate the environmental quality of tourist attractions in Zanjan city; Seven factors of environmental quality were identified Also, selected indicators on tourist satisfaction were extracted from the model of Akama and Kiti 2003 (a model based on the Seroqual model). The results of the level of satisfaction with the environmental quality of tourist attractions, with the value (2.64) are in an unfavorable situation and below the average level. The correlation coefficient between the latent variables and manifest variables of the measurement model through the second-order structural equations of the environmental quality of tourist attractions shows that the latent factors and variables identified in the research have been able to account for 68% of the variance of the effects of the environmental quality components of tourist attractions on Explain the satisfaction of tourists and the factor of economic and social dynamics has the highest factor load with a relative importance and an influence coefficient of 0.80. The final results of the structural equation model show that the environmental quality of the tourist attractions in the study area has low impact to the extent of 0.31 on the satisfaction of tourists and among the hidden factors of environmental quality; The factor of certain tourism services with an impact factor of 0.83 and the factor of urban public services with 0.80 had the highest role and relative importance which indicates the predominance of physical programs and 5-year economic-social development programs of the country regarding the environmental quality of tourist attractions. Achieving the desired situation requires the development of specific criteria in the area of Zanjan tourist attractions, the scope of intervention and the design of nearby buildings according to specific criteria with the coordination and participation of all relevant ministries and institutions with sufficient legal and executive requirements.

The aim of the current research is analysis of factors affecting the development of competitiveness in religious tourism. Case study: Ritual ceremony in Zanjan city). The current research aims to create practical understanding and knowledge for tourism policy makers in the field of identifying indicators that affect the competitiveness of religious tourism based on the competitiveness indicators of travel and tourism; The report of the World Economic Forum (2015) is applied research in terms of its purpose and a descriptive survey from the point of view of the data collection method. In the present research, firstly, through the study of theoretical literature and experts' survey, the evaluation of tourism competitiveness indicators and items has been done. In order to determine the main and final indicators of tourism competitiveness in the studied area, was used survey of 15 scientific and executive experts in the field of tourism in Zanjan city. Then, by using the Dimetal technique, the internal relationships of these indicators were determined from the point of view of the influence and effectiveness of the factors, as well as their cause and effect relationships. Finally, by presenting the model obtained from the internal relationships between the variables using the Dimetal technique; The test of this initial assumption model in the studied area was done by modeling the structural equations using the partial least squares method in PLS software. The results of examining the fit of the measurement models, structural model and general model at the 95% confidence level showed that the model is generally meaningful and all the main paths of the research were accepted and the model has appropriate fit and explanatory power. The criterion of conditions and legal framework in the studied area have an importance of 0.86, 0.83 and 0.73, respectively, on the criteria of infrastructure improvement, environmental preparation and cultural-natural resources and in general on improving the competitiveness of ritual ceremonies in Zanjan city. Among the sub-items of these variables that are effective in improving competitiveness; The sub-variable of marketing, branding and improving the image of the religious tourism destination at the international level with an impact of 0.98, also; The sub-variables of comprehensive and integrated participatory planning of the institutions involved in religious tourism and intangible differentiation, interactive, meaningful, innovative and future-oriented experiences have had the highest impact with an impact of 0.86.

Recognizing and evaluating the environmental quality of tourist attractions and preferences is very important for urban development and promoting the presence of tourists. In the present study, while examining the spatial distribution of tourism elements in Ardabil, it has evaluated and ranked the five regions of Ardabil in terms of environmental quality indicators of tourist attractions from the perspective of tourists. Research in terms of purpose; Applied, in terms of descriptive-analytical nature and in terms of paradigm is among the quantitative research. The method of collecting field and library information is (interview and questionnaire). The statistical population of the present study; Tourists in the five regions of Ardabil. The sample size of Cochran's formula to complete the questionnaires was calculated 384 people and distributed by random sampling method. In order to analyze the data; In the first step, GIS software was used to study the spatial distribution of tourism elements in Ardabil. In the second step, the results of the tourists questionnaire (with reliability of 0.738 in Cronbach's alpha coefficient and validity of 0.721; parallel form method) were performed with SPSS software and the difference between the significant rank of environmental quality criteria in Ardabil through Friedman test was performed. Were analyzed. Also, the assessment and ranking of the five regions of Ardabil in terms of environmental quality indicators of tourist attractions has been done using the Vikor technique in EXCEL software. The results of the study of the difference in the ranking of environmental quality factors of tourist attractions in Ardabil showed that in general, the urban public services index with an average of 4.00 has the first rank and the urban environment index with the average of 3.87 has the second rank in terms of visitors. also; In the discussion of ranking the five regions of the city in terms of environmental quality indicators of tourist attractions; There is inequality; So that the elements and attractions of Zone 2, which are more of a natural-recreational type; With a numerical value of zero, they are in the first and highest rank, and the attractions of region four with a numerical value of 0.752 are in the lowest rank and last priority in terms of tourists. These findings are a good guide for pathology, policy and planning. Appropriate planning of urban development will be the study area with a focus on tourism.

The dominant planning system of the country is based on two main currents of physical planning and medium-term social-economic development plans (5-year sector-oriented programs) and in some cases with unfair allocation of resources and Facilities to some areas and deprivation of other areas have increased regional inequalities. Therefore, in order to create a balanced development and establish a desirable goal-oriented system; It is necessary to identify environmental capabilities, spatially homogeneous areas and competitive advantages of rural areas at the beginning. The current research was conducted with the aim of measuring the adaptability of justice at the level of having facilities with a competitive advantage in the villages of Ardabil township. The statistical community of the villages of Ardabil city with 20889 households and descriptive-analytical research approach. The method of obtaining information is in the form of a library. Also, for data analysis, Electron multivariate technique and Morris model in EXCEL software, inverse distance interpolation method (IDW) and fuzzy classification method in ARC GIS software have been used. The findings of the research show that the rural areas of Ardabil township do not have a favorable situation in terms of justice in enjoying facilities and services, and the imbalance is evident in them. In other words, the villages close to the center of the province (Ardebil city) are more prosperous and the villages with a greater distance such as Arshq Sharqi and Dojag, despite the high competitive advantage; are less privileged In general, there is no direct relationship between the level of prosperity of the villages and their competitive advantage and this situation is strongly influenced by the centralizing view of physical plans and 5-year economic-social plans (with the dominance of politicization, influence and political pressures to implement some plans) and the importance of the distance of rural settlements from the city center (Ardebil city and its area of ​​influence). Is. Therefore, the main solution is transition from the predominance of 5-year socio-economic sectoral programs and physical planning to spatial planning with legal requirements is necessary and sufficient.

Spatial structure and desirability of access to tourism facilities and services play an important role in the extent of tourism attraction and the sustainable and balanced development of a tourism axis. The aim of present study is investigating the components of the spatial structure governing the tourism axis of Zanjan.Tarom. Masouleh, analyzes structural barriers and facilitators in implementing spatial planning. This research is an applied research. The data collection method is field and library methods. Data analysis using qualitative content analysis techniques, copras technique and GIS software with Inverse Distance Weighted spatial analysis (IDW) model. The findings of the study show that the spatial structure of this axis involves structural barriers and external forces , also, have functional areas (potential and facilitators) to implement spatial planning that two urban centers of Zanjan with 89.6 and the first rank and Masuleh with the second 88.1 have a relatively favorable advantage in terms of resource capacity and accessibility of tourism services and facilities and the Shit-Walidar rural center is in the third rank with an average of 47.9 Tahm tourism center with 10.6 rank 4, Shirin Sou tourism center with 10.6 rank 5 and finally Shillander with 9.2 rank 6 which has poor utilization level and in other words, By basking in the center of their departure services and departments are reduced and spatial inequality of facilities and services in this tourism axis is due to the lack of spatial planning in tourism activities

The existence of appropriate tourism facilities and services and the high quality of tourism infrastructure and services certainly affect the demand for tourist attractions. Therefore, Tarom township is located in the north of Zanjan province; In the land management plan of Zanjan province, it has been proposed as a "privileged regional tourism axis." However, with the construction and operation of a new road along the route of this tourism axis, Great changes have taken place in the establishment of transportation connections and the entry of tourists to this area. Therefore; this study aimed to investigate the role of strengthening transportation infrastructure(road construction) and its impact on the development of tourism activities in the study area. Also, Seek answers the following questions: - Is there a significant relationship between the construction of Zanjan-Tahm-Chavarzeq road and the sustainable development of tourism in the study area?- Which dimension and Component of tourism development have received the most impact from the construction of Zanjan-Taham-Chavarzeq road?

The present research is of an applied type. The statistical population of the present study is the tourist settlements of Shit-Walidar and Shirinsoo tourist areas in Tarom city. By purposive non-probability sampling method, 277 households were selected for sampling. The method of collecting field-library information and analyzing the data using inferential statistics such as the Wilcoxon test, T is a single sample in SPSS software. Representation and mapping of spatial flows of tourism in the study area have been done using UCINET software, and structural equation modeling (SEM) is in AMOS software.

The investment situation for launching tourism-related activities was 28.46%. The training courses' status in connection with tourism activities indicates that about 28% of the training courses were directly related to tourism activities, and 72% of the training were non-tourism related. Therefore, the flow of tourists entering the study area from the city of Zanjan is stronger, but the flow of Rasht and Khalkhal is weaker. Investigating the effects and consequences of the construction of Zanjan-Tahm-Chavarzeq road on tourism development indicators in the studied areas (local communities' point of view) with non-parametric Wilcoxon test; Shows that the construction of this road has the most significant difference in the components of improving job opportunities in tourism activities, respectively, Component of increasing the number of passengers and tourists, Component of reducing migration of local communities, Improving infrastructure. The road has had tourism facilities and services. Still, investment in tourism development has the least significant difference in the period before and after the construction of Zanjan-Tahm-Chavarzeq road. Also; To investigate the contribution of the effective factors of the consequences of the construction of Zanjan-Tahm-Chavarzeq road in the sustainable development of tourism from the perspective of local communities, structural modeling of second-order factor analysis was used. The development of tourism under the influence of 4 hidden factors (economic, socio-cultural, environmental, and physical) has been studied. It shows the effects of tourism development in the physical dimensions 97, Economic 96, Environment 94, and socio-cultural 79 percent.

The research findings show that before the construction of Zanjan-Tahm-Chavarzeq road, the study area was isolated in terms of communication and especially with the center of the province. Therefore, the construction and operation of the new Zanjan-Taham-Abbar road, while reducing the distance and time interval of access to Zanjan, has left numerous socio-economic effects on tourism development in the study area. Also, the main indicators of model fit show that the research data, Conceptual model of research in terms of the effectiveness of strengthening the transport infrastructure in tourism's sustainable development, has given a meaningful explanation. However, the transport network infrastructure position is still not suitable, and they have weaknesses and shortcomings.

The purpose of this study was to explain the factors affecting the development of rural tourism entrepreneurship. The research method is descriptive-exploratory and the main tool for data collection is a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population consisted of 174 entrepreneurs and business owners in rural tourism entrepreneurship in the country. SPSS and pls software were used for structural equation modeling. Based on the results of the analysis of the effect of the independent variables present on the development of rural tourism entrepreneurship; from the viewpoints of the respondents, the dimension of improvement and attention to the specific environmental context and characteristics of the rural manpower among the three macro dimensions have the highest importance with 0.40 and then From then on, the macro-institutional structure of the Rural Tourism Entrepreneurship with a significance of 0.35 is significant and the results show that the conceptual model and its relationships are significant.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the sustainability of tourism villages in the study area that are in the discovery stage in comparison with the rural tourism centers that are in the stages of development and stabilization of destination tourism. With the above interpretations, the present study aims to explain the process of developing these tourism destinations and the stability of the study area. The present study is an applied type; statistical population of tourist villages of Darram and Chavarzgh villages that were selected by purposive non-probability sampling method, 277 households. Field-library data collection and data analysis using inferential statistics based on Butler's Tourism Life Cycle Model in SPSS software and applying COPRAS, ORESTE Multi-Criteria Ranking Technique; The use of the UCINET software is done. The research findings show that Gohar village is in the destination conflict stage from the perspective of Butler tourism life cycle model which with a total of 842 is in the first place from the perspective of sustainability of tourism activities and the lowest level of tourism sustainability in Shirin Su Residential Centers which is in the development stage of the tourism life cycle with a total of 1115.

 The purpose of this study is to present a framework for studying the consequences of rural tourism entrepreneurship development.

The type of study is applied Research and descriptive-exploratory in essence. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and the validity of the questionnaire items was confirmed by experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (.876). Based on statistical population of experts, local managers and owners of tourism complexes in the villages of Darram and Chavarzgh counties that were selected through purposive non-probability sampling method, 277 households were selected from the owners of tourism complexes and practitioners related to tourism activity. The field-library data collection and data analysis were performed using SPSS software and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using AMOS software. The relevance of the four factors affecting the outcomes of rural tourism entrepreneurship development is discussed.

The results show that the extent of the impact of independent variables of entrepreneurship on tourism development outcomes in the study area, respectively, are the indicators of the opportunities created by the growth and development of entrepreneurship with 0.98 as the first rank and the most influential, socio-economic value creation index of entrepreneurship with 0.87, which is ranked second, innovation and creativity index is ranked third with 0.43 and finally, environmental entrepreneurship index of tourism entrepreneurship is 0.38 and is ranked fourth.

The formulation framework for evaluating the implications of tourism entrepreneurship development presented in this study has a meaningful and acceptable explanation in the study area.

Loss of excitation (LOE) event is among the most frequent failures in electric generators. However, LOE detection studies heretofore were usually confined to synchronous generators. Common LOE detection methods are based on impedance trajectory what makes the system slow and also prone to misoperation in the case of stable power swing (SPS). This paper presents a new method to detect the LOE based on the measured variables from the DFIG terminal. In this combined method for LOE detecting, rate of change of terminal voltage and output reactive power and for SPS detecting, DC-link voltage of DFIG have been used. The performance of the proposed method has been confirmed by Matlab/Simulink simulations for various power capacities and operating conditions. The results prove the method's velocity, simplicity and security.

1. Tourism is one of the most efficient processes used to encourage economic growth in countries that due to producing single product or limited energy sources have motionless and vulnerable economic system. In other words, tourism in modern terms is considered a phenomenon which is an inseparable part of today’s industrial society and is an important “ring” in the chain of recycling in the society. Therefore, entrepreneurial activities of religious tourism in rural settlements, fundamental acceptance of synthetic responsibilities against people (occupation, hygiene, education, human rights, benefits, continuity of financial and economical incomes as well as conservation of resources and environment) are considered as undeniable necessities for a good entrepreneurship by companies and organizations, and a great switch is being undertaken from maximization of value for stock-holders to maximization of value beneficiaries. The objective of the current research is to study the beneficial effects of religious tourism entrepreneurship in rural areas and their possible effects on economic growth along with rural development in the rural areas.
1- Does increasing tourism have a positive effect on entrepreneurship space in rural areas?
2- Does increasing tourism have a positive effect on occupation income and decreasing emigration from villages to cities in the case study rural area?
2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: In terms of rural tourism, we can state that, on one hand, preparing new opportunities for most of villages brings livelihood, and that on the other hand, uncontrolled development of those areas leads to social and ecological damages in rural accommodation. The surveys reveal that the development of tourism in rural areas can have positive effects such as life quality, increasing rural population's cooperation, increasing mental health of the rural population and economic stability. One of the most important types of tourism that can have good effects in the development of rural areas is supposed to be religious tourism. The evidences left from great civilizations of the Middle East and ancient Egypt and etc., and also the evidences remained before history reveal that from very long time ago a lot of people set off for religious travels, in a way that huge mass of pilgrimages had accepted any kind of danger in order to do their religious duties and even had started very long travels in order to do so. In fact, religious wandering and tourism has a deep “root” in religious beliefs and credence’s of people. Hence, entrepreneurial activities of religious tourism in rural settlements, fundamentals acceptance of synthetic responsibilities against people (occupation, hygiene, education, human rights, benefits, continuity of financial and economical incomes, and also conservation of resources and environment) is considered as an undeniable necessity for a good entrepreneurship by companies and organizations, and a great switch is being undertaken from maximization of value for stock-holders to maximization of value beneficiaries.
3. This study is an applied research and in the present study explanation of religious tourism and its effects on rural development has been studied. This study is a practical one and the descriptive-analytical methodology has been used, the data were collected through field and library data collection methods (questionnaire, questioning and observation) and the descriptive statistic methodology (e.g., calculation of frequency, variance, and the mean value) and deductive methodology (e.g., the correlation coefficient, the single sample T parameter, the Tokay test and the Freedman test) were used to analyze the data.
4. The importance of this study lies in emergence of obstacles to the creation of entrepreneurial ideas in the field of religious tourism and investigation affecting factors on employment, income and migration in rural settlements.
5. The results of the present study indicate that religious tourism had not effect on the creation of entrepreneurial ideas; however, among different component of occupation, income and immigration, occupation was the only aspect influenced by religious however apparently non-native settlers and the households settled in vicinity of the holey shrine of Imamzde Hajiseirn were influenced more than the others.