sedighe esmaeilzadeh

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women is a significant public health issue. We searched the relevant databases using the sensitive keywords to receive the available evidence for successful lifestyle interventions among PCOS women. The systematic reviews related to PCOS were evaluated for an effective lifestyle intervention that was identified. The lifestyle interventions include three components: weight management, physical exercise, and behavioral coaching or combined interventions for developing exercise and modifying diet. Evidence shows that the impact of starting lifestyle intervention as the first-line management to improve obstetric and reproductive outcomes is high. There is evidence that proves health coaching can improve health behaviors and lifestyle. Thus, it is recommended to improve the lifestyle of women with PCOS.

The relationship between endometriosis and thyroid disorders and the subsequent impact on fertility outcomes is still controversial. The present study was performed with aim to evaluate the effect of impaired thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels on fertilization rate of infertile women with endometriosis.

In this secondary analysis of cohort data, 179 infertile women with endometriosis were selected as the case group and 200 women with diagnosis of tubal factor or unexplained infertility were selected as the control group. Two subgroups of TSH levels above 2.5 mlU/L (with or without levothyroxine use) and TSH levels less than 2.5 mlU/L with levothyroxine use as patients with thyroid dysfunction and women with TSH levels less than 2.5 mlU/L without use of Levothyroxine were considered as thyroid-healthy subjects. Antral follicle count and fertilization rate were compared between the two groups. Data analysis was done using SPSS statistical software (version 24) and ANOVA test. P<0.05 was considered significant.

The mean of TSH in women with endometriosis was significantly higher than the control group (P=0.02, Cohen d=0.77, 95% CI: 0.02-0.43). When women were classified based on the presence or absence of endometriosis and serum TSH levels above 2.5 mlU/L, serum levels of FSH (P=0.76), LH (P=0.91), and fertilization rate (P=0.51) did not significantly differ between the two groups.

It seems that thyroid disorders are more common in women with endometriosis. However, there was no significant effect on the results of assisted reproductive procedures related to the coexistence of endometriosis and higher TSH levels.

Evidence showed that abnormal alteration of adipokines level may perform a key role in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) pathogenesis. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) and progranulin (PGRN) are two novel adipokines related to insulin resistance (IR). Thus, we aimed to determine the serum DPP4 activity and PGRN level in PCOS patients with and without IR, and non-PCOS women.

Ninety women were recruited in the present study including 60 PCOS patients (divided into two groups of 30 IR and 30 non-IR) and 30 non-PCOS women. Serum levels of insulin, fasting blood glucose, PGRN, and DPP4 activity were measured, and IR indices were calculated.

DPP4 activity was significantly higher in PCOS-IR and PCOS-NIR patients than non-PCOS women (p<0.001, P=0.011, respectively), whereas no significant variation was detected between two groups of PCOS subjects. There was no significant difference in the level of PGRN in the three groups of the present study.

The present study suggests that increasing DPP4 activity may be associated with PCOS.

Endometriosis is one of the gynecological disorders and its prevalence is estimated to 8‑10% of reproductive‑age women. In Iran, the frequency of endometriosis was reported at 29% among infertile women. The etiology of endometriosis is still unclear. Numerous environmental contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) may play important roles in endometriosis development and etiology. Iranian population has relatively low levels of PCBs. However, no studies have evaluated PCBs levels in Iranian endometriosis patients so far. At present, there is no systematic review of the relationship between only PCBs exposure and the risk of endometriosis. The aim of this systematic review and meta‑analysis protocol will be to evaluate the association between only PCBs exposure and the risk of endometriosis. PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, Embase, key journals, conferences/congress research papers, and the references of included primary studies will be searched. Observational studies (cross‑sectional, case‑control, and cohort) in humans that investigated the association between PCBs exposure and the risk of endometriosis will be included. The outcome will be endometriosis risk in association with PCBs exposure. The primary screening and data extraction will be performed by three team members independently and will be judged by opinion with the fourth member. The modified Newcastle‑Ottawa Scale (NOS) will be used for the quality assessment of studies. Findings from this study will recognize the association between PCBs exposure and the risk of endometriosis. Results may provide a new window for identifying the role of PCBs as environmental risk factors in relation to the development of endometriosis.

The effect of individual sleep hygiene education on sleep quality components remains largely unknown during pregnancy. This study aimed to assess the effect of a short-term sleep hygiene education during prenatal care visits on pregnant women with poor sleep quality.

A quasi-experimental study, designed as a pre- and post-test with a  single group, was conducted on 32 pregnant woman with poor sleep quality. All the participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The women with good sleep quality and symptoms of severe depression and high stress were excluded from the study. Sleep hygiene education was presented face to face within 25 minutes. A Persian educational booklet, according to the routines of prenatal care visits during the first trimester of pregnancy, was also provided. PSQI, as the primary outcome, and sleep hygiene index (SHI), as the secondary outcome, were measured at the third trimester (34-36 weeks) of pregnancy.

The two components of PSQI (sleep latency and daytime dysfunction) improved, whereas the score for component 3 (sleep duration) worsened. No statistically significant differences were found in the mean global sleep quality scores after the intervention.  The sleep hygiene index significantly improved by sleep hygiene education (P= ≤ 0.0001).

A short-term sleep hygiene education program during prenatal care visits cannot effectively improve sleep quality in pregnant women with poor sleep quality. Thus, it is highly imperative that further considerations for the use of sleep hygiene education during pregnancy be seriously taken into account.

Episiotomy is the most common surgical procedure in obstetrics. It may be associated with wound infection and delayed wound healing. This study aimed to compare the effects of honey and curcumin on episiotomy pain and wound healing. This double-blind three-group randomized controlled trial was done on 120 women admitted for vaginal delivery to Shahid Yahyanejad hospital, Babol, Iran. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups of 40 subjects and were taught to apply honey, curcumin, or placebo creams on their own episiotomy wound twice daily for 10 successive days after birth. Pain and wound healing were assessed 2 h, 5 days, and 10 days after birth via a visual analog scale and the Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Discharge, and Approximation scale. The primary outcomes of the study were episiotomy wound healing and pain intensity. The Chi-square test as well as the one-way analysis of variance and the repeated measures analyses of variance were conducted for data analysis. The study was completed with 30 women in each of the honey and the curcumin groups and 29 in the placebo group. There were no statistically significant differences among the groups respecting the variations of pain intensity and wound healing mean scores across the three measurement time points. However, based on the complete pain relief on the 10th day and compared with the placebo group, number-to-treat values in the curcumin and the honey groups were around 6 and 5, respectively. Moreover, compared with the placebo group, number-needed-to-treat values for complete wound healing on the 10th day in the curcumin and the honey groups were 6 and 8, respectively. Curcumin and honey creams have almost the same effects on episiotomy wound healing and pain intensity.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOs) is an endocrine-metabolic disorder. This study intends to determine the comparison of insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic disturbance in overweight/obese and normal-weight of young women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Using a comparative cross-sectional study design in 2015, 27 normal weight (18
112 women with PCOS participated in this study. The mean age was 22.4±3.48 years in the normal PCOS group (n=27) and 24.4±5.06 years in the overweight/obese PCOS patients (n=85). BMI had a significant straight correlation with insulin resistance (p3.15) vs. 8.3% (5) in the normal group (P13µU/ml) vs. 10.3% (7) in the control group (p Overweight/obese PCOs patients revealed higher insulin resistance and lower insulin sensitivity, and also greater TG and LDL cholesterol. Priority of management of insulin resistance and lipid profile should be considered on identifying these potentially major complications.

It has been documented that specific follicular fluid (FF) biochemical characteristics may be essential to determining oocyte quality.
Lipid derivatives have most important role in the fertilization process and embryonic development. MALDI mass spectrometry is used for the diagnosis of biomolecules in the FF and serum of infertile women. FF and blood samples from 13 infertile women (20-38years old) undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was obtained, stored frozen at -80º C, and later analyzed for Lipid Derivatives. Both FF and serum samples were compared and the Mfg was used as similarity index.
For comparison between the FF and serum samples for one person, the Mass spectrometry (MS) intensity ratio versus molecular weight, between the FF and serum samples were calculated. Out of 13 patients, three ongoing pregnancies were observed, so the percentage of pregnancy in the studied population was 25%.
The patients who became pregnant after micro-injection had higher unsaturated fatty acids and omega-3 fatty acid than other samples, but Stearic and Palmitic fatty acids were not high in these patients. A number of specific fatty esters and peptide derivatives in the FF and serum samples were found that may help to improve oocyte quality.

 

 
 

 

 

 



both mothers and fetuses. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of dexamethasone on the augmentation and the duration of labor in prolonged latent phase of labor.

The design of the study was a randomized double-blind clinical trial design, which was conducted in delivery center of Rouhani hospital in Babol (Iran). A total 121 nulliparrous women with a singleton pregnancy and cephalic presentation at 40–42 gestational weeks in prolonged latent phase were randomly assigned to receive 2 ml ampoule dexamethasone 4 mg/mL (the intervention group) and 2 ml ampoule of sterile water for injections (the control group), which were both intramuscularly administered. Then, the Then, the augmentation of labor with the use of intravenous oxytocin infusion (Caspian Tamin Company Iran) (2.5 m units/ per minute) began in both groups. The primary outcome was the duration of time between the onset of augmentation and the second stage of labor.

The duration of time between the onset of labor augmentation and the second stage of labor (hours) was 5.6±1.9 in the study group, whereas it was 7.7±1.5 in controls with a significant difference (p ≤ <0.001). In the study group, the duration of time between the onset of labor augmentation and the active phase of labor was lower than that of the control group (p= 0.02). In addition, the duration of the second stage of labor (p <0.001) and the third stage (p <0.001) was lower in the study group compared with that of the control group.

It is imperative that midwives administer dexamethasone to improve the prolonged latent phase in women during the labour.

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Background and Infertility is a major socio-medical challenge in Iran especially in rural areas. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of infertility and related factors in rural and urban areas.
In 2012, a cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in Babol. The samples (546 urban women and 535 rural women) were selected by cluster sampling aged 20-40 yeras. A structured questionnaire was administered to collect the data.
Urban subjects included 50.5% of the subjects. According to self-reports the prevalence of infertility was 15.5% in investigated population. The prevalence of infertility rates in rural and urban areas were 15% and 16.1%, respectively. Significant associations were observed between age at marriage, occupation, and educational level and being resident in city or village (P This study showed that a high number of women have experienced infertility at some point in their lives. Also, the prevalence of infertility was found to be high among women living in urban areas.

Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOs) is increasing particularly among the female adolescents and young women. It has been hypothesized that disturbance in calcium and vitamin-D metabolism may effect on the effect of the symptoms of this syndrome. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between vitamin-D and calcium with metabolic parameters and other characteristics of the PCOs. The study included 192 Iranian girls (16-20 years old), of whom 104 had PCOs and 88 were non-PCOs controls. Serum 25(OH) D and calcium level was measured. Anthropometric components, endocrine, metabolic components and insulin resistance were determined in PCOs subjects. Mean 25 (OH) D was significantly lower in cases (9.7±4.8) than controls (12.3±11.9) but calcium level did not differ between the two groups (9.3±0.3 vs 9.4±0.4). No significant correlations were found between 25(OH) D levels and lipid profile, FBS, fasting insulin endocrine parameters such as testosterone, free testosterone, FSH, LH, and prolactin. Although hypovitamionos D, was common is PCOs there was no correlation between vitamin-D deficiency and its severity with some features and complications of PCOs including obesity, insulin resistance in this age group.