zohreh arab

The norms evoke the behavioral patterns and social actions of a society. The important issue in this is the level of adherence and effectiveness of norms among the people of a society. No matter how powerful the norms are, they will become the common culture in the society. In this article, the author's effort is to provide a convincing answer to the question: "What are the most important social-religious norms raised in Diwan Helali Astarabadi?" The hypothesis of this article emphasizes that the most important norms raised in the Diwan of Astarabadi are of two types: social (behavioral) and religious (identity). The findings showed that the norms raised in the poems of Helali Astarabadi include social actions (including four sub-actions) and religious (identity) actions (including three sub-actions). Also, the frequency measurement of the mentioned actions at the end showed that religious (identity) actions are more prominent. The research method of the article is descriptive-analytical.

The norms evoke the behavioral patterns and social actions of a society. The important issue in this is the level of adherence and effectiveness of norms among the people of a society. No matter how powerful the norms are, they will become the common culture in the society. In this article, the author's effort is to provide a convincing answer to the question: "What are the most important social-religious norms raised in Diwan Helali Astarabadi?" The hypothesis of this article emphasizes that the most important norms raised in the Diwan of Astarabadi are of two types: social (behavioral) and religious (identity). The findings showed that the norms raised in the poems of Helali Astarabadi include social actions (including four sub-actions) and religious (identity) actions (including three sub-actions). Also, the frequency measurement of the mentioned actions at the end showed that religious (identity) actions are more prominent. The research method of the article is descriptive-analytical.

Political satire is one of the types of critical literature that is expressed as a practical weapon for intellectuals of the society with the aim of reform and transformation. This is while political satire rejects any kind of violence and coercion. In other words, political satire is the ability to show some shortcomings that are appropriate to politics, which are expressed in a funny way, with the aim of correcting the prevailing conditions in the society. Although this method has long been seen in many literary works, without a doubt, the constitutional era can be considered as the evolved period of political satire in the history of Iranian literature. Writers and poets of good taste appeared in the context of the developments of this period and the present era and became the eloquent language of their countrymen, among which we can mention Roya Sadr. Sadr is a renowned researcher and writer in the field of humor and has presented his impressive works, among which are "Khabarnameh Mahramaneh", "H, Mesle Tafahom", "Bardasht Akhar" "Shab haye Kush-Adasi" and the satirical blog of Roya Sadr's "Bibi Gol" which are full of political satire. In this research, which has been collected in the way of documents, after defining humor and its infrastructures, the methods of this art are explained in the mentioned works. The findings showed that Sadr's mastery and skill in literature, along with her smooth and creative taste, led her to use most of the literary techniques such as contrast, assurance, humorous similes, contradictory combinations, exaggeration, allegory, exaggeration, etc., this creating variety and therefore effectiveness in her works.

Liver is an important player in regulation of body homeostasis. Study investigated the effects of hydro-alcohol extract of Zataria multiflora (ZM) on oxidative damage, level of IL-6 and enzymes of liver in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated rats. The rats were distributed into 5 groups: 1) Control; 2) LPS; and 3-5) ZM-Extract (Ext) 50, ZM-Ext 100, and ZM-Ext 200. ZM-Ext groups received 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of extract 30 min before LPS. Drugs were injected intraperitoneally. The entire period of this project was 17 days. In first three days, only extract was injected and then, ZM was injected along with LPS. LPS increased the level of ALT (Alanine aminotransferase), AST (Aspartate aminotransferase ), ALK-P (Alkaline Phosphatase), IL-6, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) metabolites and lowered thiol, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) concentration. ZM extract not only reduced ALT, AST, ALK-P, IL-6, MDA, and NO metabolites concentrations but also increased thiol content, and SOD and CAT levels. Extract of ZM prevented LPS-induced hepatotoxicity. This protective effect was associated with reduction in inflammation and oxidative stress.

Media are important tools for communication and advertising. The experience of developed countries shows that the use of media plays a key role in realizing development. The oil and gas industry in Iran is economically active as a strategic sector, and the media can serve this industry to accelerate and facilitate the development process. The purpose of this research is to find the optimal model of mass media influence for the development of oil and gas industry in Bushehr province. Grounded theory research method and research participants are 3 groups of media and public relations experts including 16 media and industry experts. The data was obtained by semi-structured interview and the desired pattern is presented in three stages of open, central and selective coding. In this model, background conditions (30 percent) such as training and planning and the power of public relations management and causal factors (24 percent) including a global view based on national interests, using the power of the media and having a media connection to the plans have the highest role and according to The very small role of intervening factors (2 percent) such as infrastructure problems in the region and resistance to development without media controlling factors can be used to draw a transformational approach with 11 percent impact for the convergence of the media and the oil industry, in which responsible accountability, proper communication management With the media, authority in the issues of the society surrounding the industry and increasing the media literacy of the managers becomes necessary. The implementation of the model obtained in this research can lead to positive results such as attracting the target market for the oil industry due to Iran's economic sanctions, organizational excellence and sustainable development. We will face the confrontation of the industry with the local society and finally the bankruptcy of the oil industry and the change of the function of the media.

Non-verbal communication, which is one of the most important human cognitive tools in society, can be deciphered according to culture and language. The importance of this research is due to Sanai's types of sonnets and his focus on the lovers’ relationship. These are established in Sanai’s poetry according to the position, power, type of sonnet, and the choice of narrative and non-narrative expression style as well as their intentions which are classified as 1- sensory: focusing on the five senses 2- behavioral: focusing on actions of the special situations, and 3- cognitive and abstract: focusing on personal interpretation. One of the findings of this study is that most of the lover’s attention in non-verbal communication is cognitive. Also, most of the lover's non-verbal communication is sensory and especially visual, like coquetry and eyebrow movements. Therefore, in Qalandarian songs, some non-verbal relations are more private and new and are often accompanied by behavioral and cognitive actions. Also, the discourse of silence is almost absent in this kind of relationship. Although there are many conversations with the beautiful lover in the history of Persian literature, the non-verbal relations with the rebellious lover of Qalandar in Sanai's poetry are often behavioral and cognitive. Thus, it is concluded that non-verbal relationships in romantic sonnets are based on visual and sensory relationships, while in Qalandarian sonnets, the cognitive aspect of the relationships is more emphasized.

Virtual social networks are considered as one of the most important and influential means of mass communication in today's world, which today operate as comprehensive and accessible media, and a large part of the media's information and public relations activities are carried out in this way. In a situation where many of these virtual networks have been filtered in Iran for a few years now and access to them is still limited and only possible with a filter breaker, the public relations of various institutions and organizations inevitably use new methods to inform. This research seeks to answer the question of what effect filtering has had on public relations activities and what strategies public relations have had to overcome this challenge in informing their target audience and society. The purpose of the research is to achieve practical solutions in attracting the audience through public relations. In this research, which was conducted using a survey method and using a questionnaire, the researchers have investigated the public relations information performance of the executive bodies in Bushehr and Fars provinces. From the results of this research, it is possible to mention the simultaneous use of Iranian social networks and filtered social networks by public relations for information, more creativity in content production, diversification and more dynamic content produced, and reduction of public relations audiences. Public relations use alternative methods to inform themselves and filtering does not stop them.

The study was aimed to evaluate the effects of hydro-ethanol extract Zataria multiflora on the brain tissue oxidative damage, and hippocampal interleukin-6 (IL-6) as well as learning and memory capacity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - challenged rats. The rats were randomized into five groups as follow: Control group: Rats were treated with saline, LPS group: Rats were treated with LPS 1.00 mg kg-1, ZM50, ZM100 and ZM200 groups in which the rats were treated with Z. multiflora extract (50.00, 100 or 200 mg kg-1 per day, respectively). The treatments including extract or vehicle were administered intraperitoneally ‎and given three days before the behavioral tests and were continued within a6-day behavioral experiment. Injection of LPS was daily done before the behavioral tests. Finally, the brains were collected for biochemical evaluations. Although LPS administration prolonged the latency in Morris water maze and shortened the latency to enter the dark chamber in passive avoidance test, ZM extract restored these changes to approach control group values. Also, LPS increased IL-6, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) metabolites levels and lowered thiol, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels in the brain, however, Z. multiflora extract reduced IL-6, MDA and NO metabolites concentrations, but increased thiol content, SOD, and CAT levels. The results of this study showed that Z. multiflora ameliorated learning and memory dysfunction in LPS - challenged rats by alleviating of inflammatory responses and brain tissue oxidative damage.

Stressors have an important role in sickness behaviors. We checked the effect of Zataria multiflora (ZM) extract against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced anxiety and depression behaviors in rats. Rats were distributed in the following groups (n=10): Control, LPS (1 mg/kg), LPS-ZM50, LPS-ZM100 and LPS-ZM200. LPS was syringed intraperitoneally (ip) 2 hr before performing behavioral tests. LPS-ZM groups were treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg (ip) of ZM extract 30 min before LPS administration. Open field (OF), elevated plus maze (EPM) and forced swimming (FS) tests were done. White blood cell (WBC) was counted in all groups. In OF, pretreatment with ZM extract augmented the number of lines crossed and traveled distance in central and peripheral areas. The rats treated with ZM extract spent more time in the central zone and less time in the peripheral area compared to the LPS group. In EPM, the number of entries into the open and closed arms and stop time in the open arms in LPS-ZM groups were higher than the LPS group. The stop time in the closed arms of ZM-LPS groups was less than the LPS group. In FS test, swimming and climbing time in groups treated with ZM extract was more than the LPS group while their immobility time was less. WBC count in the LPS-ZM100 and LPS-ZM200 was lower than that of the LPS group.   Based on the results, pretreatment with ZM extract restituted anxiety and depression caused by LPS in rats. This effect of ZM was associated with amelioration of LPS-promoted inflammation.

Abstract The study of subtypes antisocial personality disorder and comorbidity of anxiety and opioid disorders were studied in current research. The samples were 90 persons who were selected by aimed available sampling from central prison of city and rehabilitation centers. Individuals with ASPD were diagnosed by Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM was used for determining ASPD criterions rate of anxiety was assessed by Cattel test. The research design was correlations, so Pearson correlation, step wise and Chi-Square were used for data analyzing. Results showed that ASPD and anxiety disorder were comorbid, as well as ASPD/Anxiety disorder is a variant of ASPD, and ASPD subtypes and anxiety disorder related among opioids. Two subtypes of ASPD existed (with anxiety and without anxiety).