networking capability

Today, R&D and activities related to the acquisition of new high technologies around the world is a major industrial activity. Organizations have paid close attention to networking in order to reduce time and achievement risk and have considered its role in the success of R&D projects. In the present study, the effective factors on networking capability in R&D management have been investigated. Networking capability in R&D management of aerospace industry due to its cost and time is one of the important pillars for the success of innovative organizational activities. In the present study, the effective factors on networking capability have been investigated. The research is applied in terms of purpose and is a descriptive survey method. In this regard, the factors affecting the capability of R&D networking based on literature review and opinion of aerospace industry experts have been extracted and a questionnaire approved in the community of distribution experts and the results have been confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations and Smart-PLS software. Then, the dimensions of networking capability based on fuzzy network analysis method were prioritized in terms of network configuration and structure, managerial and organizational, network interaction and communication management, policies and strategies, and finally financial resources.

Knowledge-based companies are the engine of economic growth and development of a country. These types of businesses are very important for governments due to their special nature and the important contribution they have in creating jobs and economic growth and development of a country. A large amount of economic activities in developing and even developed countries are made up of small and medium-sized and knowledge-based companies. In our country, despite the appropriate capacity for technology growth, these types of businesses are developing. On the other hand, these businesses operate in very dynamic and competitive environments that face significant and often unpredictable technological, political and economic changes. For this purpose, the development of innovation has become one of the basic requirements for these businesses in order to survive and maintain their competitive position. One of the types of innovation that has become very important today is ambidextrous innovation. One of the ways to obtain the resources and knowledge needed by organizations to create and implement ambidextrous innovation is the networking capability. On the other hand, knowledge assimilation applications and knowledge transformation applications make the process of influencing networking capability on ambidextrous innovation clear. Knowledge applications make relevant and unrelated knowledge absorbed into the organization understandable for units. Based on this, the current research aims to investigate the relationship between networking capability and ambidextrous innovation with the mediating role of knowledge applications in knowledge-based companies in the field of banking information technology.

In terms of purpose, this research is applied and has a quantitative approach, and in terms of the nature of the method and data collection, it is descriptive-survey and in terms of time, it is a cross-sectional research. In this research, the library method has been used in order to collect theoretical topics and develop the conceptual model of the research. Also, a field study and data collection has been done through a questionnaire. To test the validity of the content of this research, with the aim of resolving possible ambiguities in the questions and to check the content validity of the questionnaire, a copy of the questionnaire was given to six professors of strategic management at Allameh Tabataba'i University, and after confirming the results, the questionnaires were distributed. Also, convergent and divergent validity methods have been used to check construct validity. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach's alpha measurement method and compound reliability. Cronbach's alpha values of all variables are higher than 0.7, so the questionnaire has the necessary reliability. The target society of this research is knowledge-based companies in the field of banking information technology in Tehran. Since 19 companies are active in this field and the society is the target of this research, all 19 companies were selected as a sample in this research. In this research, the method of data analysis is descriptive statistics and inferential statistics by analyzing the relationships between variables through correlation matrix, structural equation test and model fit test.

The results of this test show that: The maximum amount of work experience of the managers who participated in this research is between 5 and 10 years, which indicates the sufficient experience and knowledge of the majority of the participants of this research regarding the problem and the subject of the research. The highest frequency is for companies with more than 10 years of experience. The age distribution of companies shows the presence of companies with relatively long working history next to new companies. Also, the data of this research have convergent and divergent validity and they had a normal distribution. The overall fit index of the model (GOF) also shows a number of 0.550. This value shows the very appropriate power of the model in predicting the endogenous current variable of the model. Finally, the results of the hypothesis test are as follows: The significance statistic between networking capability and ambidextrous innovation is equal to 7.334, which is greater than 1.96 and indicates the significance of the relationship between these two variables at the 95% confidence level. The significance statistic between networking capability and knowledge assimilation application and knowledge transformation application is equal to 13.198 and 16.775, which are greater than 1.96 and indicates the significance of the relationship between these variables at the 95% confidence level. The significance statistic between knowledge assimilation application and ambidextrous innovation is equal to 4.054, which is greater than 1.96 and indicates the significance of the relationship between these two variables at the 95% confidence level. The significance statistic between knowledge transformation application and ambidextrous innovation is equal to 4.268, which is greater than 1.96 and indicates the significance of the relationship between these two variables at the 95% confidence level. At least, sobel's test was used to check the mediator variable. According to the results of this test, the value of Z-value or the Sobel test statistic is equal to 2.414 for knowledge assimilation application and 3.112 for knowledge transformation application, which are higher than 1.96. Therefore, knowledge assimilation application and knowledge transformation application plays a mediating role in the relationship between networking capability and ambidextrous innovation.

Based on the results, in order to create and implement ambidextrous innovation in knowledge-based companies in the field of banking information technology, special attention should be paid to the development of networking capabilities in these companies. Managers of these companies should facilitate the process of applying foreign knowledge by developing networking capabilities. In the knowledge-based economy, knowledge-based companies in the field of information technology may gain access to external knowledge related and unrelated to their knowledge base through networking with their strategic partners. This improves the efficiency and effectiveness of knowledge applications and facilitates the achievement of ambidextrous innovation. Managers of knowledge-based companies active in the field of banking information technology should pay special attention to absorbing knowledge through networking to create ambidextrous innovation. They should develop clear and applicable knowledge application processes and procedures (such as the application of knowledge acquisition and transformation) in their companies.

Firms need different capabilities for better effectiveness of marketing strategies at the international level to make them more efficient in using opportunities. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the moderating role of internationalization knowledge and the mediating role of strategic agility in the relationship between online marketing capability, networking capability and international marketing strategy effectiveness.

This research is one of the types of hypothetical-inferential and applied studies. The statistical population of the research includes Iranian small and medium-sized creative firms. Also, data collection has been done through a standard questionnaire. To test the topic, several hypotheses were presented, which were investigated through the method of structural equation modeling and partial least squares.

The output of the software shows that online marketing capability and networking capability have a direct effect on strategic agility. Also, strategic agility is a predictor of international marketing strategy effectiveness. On the other hand, the mediating role of strategic agility and the moderating role of internationalization knowledge in the relationship between the variables were significant.

This research shows that online marketing capability and networking capability are two key factors in implementing and starting the marketing strategy effectiveness for small and medium-sized creative firms at the international level, among which, strategic agility and internationalization knowledge are important factors in accelerating this trends were identified. By presenting a new model in the international field, this study presents a different approach of marketing strategy effectiveness for Iranian small and medium-sized creative firms.

One of the most important fields of biotechnology is the pharmaceutical industry, which is of special importance due to its intertwining with public health. Biomedicines, in the production of which biotechnology has been used. They are known as targeted drugs to treat patients in difficult medical conditions. Networks, as a special type of communication, connect a set of people, objects or events and are a very good model for corporate communication.  Innovation networks include government, research and industrial institutions working together for a common innovation goal. Companies need networking capabilities to make the most of the networking platform and benefit from external resources, capabilities, and knowledge streams. The purpose of this study is to identify the types of network capabilities of large and small firms in the biopharmaceutical networks of the country

 The present study is an applied-descriptive research. The research method used in this research is a combination and research strategy of thematic analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. In this research, first, the literature and theoretical foundations and some existing documents in the field of biopharmaceutical companies were reviewed, and in the second step, in order to complete the data, in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 15 experts in government, academia and industry. Sampling in this section has been judgmental and purposeful. Regarding sample size, sampling continued until the theoretical saturation stage. Accordingly, after the fifteenth interview, no new data and information were identified by the researchers, and in fact, the coding process took place until the realization of theoretical adequacy. The interviews were conducted in a semi-structured manner and without directing the interviewee in person. Given that the statistical population of the research in the second phase, biopharmaceutical companies are active in innovation networks, the number of companies is equal to 70 companies and the sample size was determined based on Morgan table equal to 58 companies. 60 questionnaires were distributed among bio-pharmaceutical companies and finally 32 questionnaires that could be analyzed were received.

  In this research, observing the ethical principles of qualitative research, the text of the interviews was transcribed and by carefully studying these texts, open coding was done sentence by sentence. The concepts and codes extracted, considering the duplicate codes, are 37 items, which were reduced to 9 sub-themes in the first step and four sub-themes in the second step by categorizing similar and well-understood items, and finally, According to the research findings, network capabilities can be divided into two categories: general capabilities of active presence in the network and networking or network management capabilities. The results of confirmatory factor analysis show that "active presence in the network" is more related to the network capabilities of companies than "network management" in terms of factor load. Also, other findings obtained from factor analysis show that among all the dimensions related to the network capabilities of companies, extra-organizational capabilities have the highest priority. Findings also show that small firms have more general capabilities of active presence in the network and network management capability is related to larger firms, which are often known as hub.

In general, the role of large and central companies (hubs) is very important in networks, both during and after their formation. In fact, the networks studied in the country show that in the field of biopharmaceuticals, networks have been formed around these companies and have continued their activities and even expanded their activities, and considering the recent significant developments. In this area, the findings of this study can be a good model for other technological areas and provide useful lessons for companies. For future research, it is suggested that the role of corporate network capabilities, including general capabilities and managerial and orchestral capabilities in the development of corporate performance and outputs in innovation networks in other areas. To be examined technologically. Another suggestion of the research is to investigate the role of effective variables in the development of corporate network capabilities in networks and according to the theories of relationship between industry and academia, followed by the three-helix theory of the role of regulatory institutions. And the facilitator should be considered in the networks. It is also suggested that the challenges of corporate cooperation in innovation networks and how the role of network capabilities in solving them be examined.

Today, the retail industry plays an important role in the economic development of countries, so that this industry plays a role in the GDP of developed countries almost as much as the total production sector. Retailers are key components in the supply chain that connect producers to consumers. Studies show that the main reasons for the failure of these industries are marketing limitations in the form of lack of financial resources, lack of time and market knowledge and lack of marketing expertise. Networking is one of the solutions that has been proposed to overcome these limitations. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the impact of networking with consumers on the performance of the retail industry by considering the role of entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge market. The statistical population of this study included all managers of retail chain companies in Isfahan that 124 managers were selected as a statistical sample by simple random sampling. The research method was descriptive survey. A 44-item questionnaire based on the sequential scale and the five-point Likert scale was used to collect data. The results were analyzed by structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach. Data analysis showed that networking with consumers has a positive effect on marketing performance. Also, companies with entrepreneurial orientation and better use of market knowledge can use their networking capabilities for marketing purposes and competitive advantage.

Nowadays, the essence of knowledge-based companies is based on creativity and innovation and they are noticed for economic growth based on knowledge and technology, therefore, the affecting factors on the better performance and innovation of these companies are significant. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of networking capabilities of the science and technology park on the performance of companies that are mediated by innovation.

This study is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive and surveys in terms of the data collection method. The questionnaires that are based on the standard questionnaire are used to collect data. The statistical population of the study are managers and employees of these companies that according to the rule of using structural equation modeling (SEM), 379 people are considered as the sample and filled out the questionnaire. For both the direct relations model and moderation model, data analysis was performed with the use of structural equation modeling.

The results showed, networking capability has a positive and significant effect on the innovation of the located companies in the park and subsequently the innovation of the located companies on their performance. The mediating role of innovation in the relationship between networking and performance was confirmed but the direct effect of networking on the performance of companies was not.

The presented conceptual model in this study helps to develop this type of model in order to support the performance of located companies in the science and technology parks.

The purpose of this article is to provide a model of entrepreneurship network capability. This research is basic in terms of purpose. Qualitative method - systematic review has been used to collect information. This research has identified, collected and analyzed the various dimensions and documentary propositions and the presented propositions about the capability of the entrepreneurial networking. The statistical population of this research includes all researches in the field of networking capability that are mentioned in the period "open start (without application date) until the end of January 2021" in Scopus database. The search date in the database is July 31, 2021. In this research, to identify research on network capability, using keywords related to network capability terms in "title" and in the subject area of ​​"business, management and accounting" and the type of document, the limited search for "article" and " Conference Paper ", of which 197 papers were found. In the next stage, by studying the abstract of the above documents and using other indicators, 79 articles remained. Mentioned articles were published between 1997 and 2021. The components and dimensions of network capability in these articles, after the coding process, are classified into three categories: attendance, processes and consequences. Finally, the research proposals was presented.

One of the most important challenges for knowledge-based companies in Iran is to improve the commercialization process and most of these companies have difficulty to achieve the desired commercialization performance. While the importance of business networks is emphasized in the literature on commercialization, the role of networking capabilities for the effective management of network communications to improve commercialization performance has not been investigated. There is little insight, in particular, into the fact that companies can better manage their networking capabilities by considering the networks structure for successful commercialization. Based on Resource-Based View (RBV) and the business networks approach as a theoretical lens, the present study tries to identify the indigenous dimensions of networking capability through a mixed-methods approach. And in the next step, by presenting the model, the direct and indirect effect of this capability on the commercialization performance will be determined. According to the results, the fit of the proposed model was confirmed in terms of measurement, structural and  general models. The results also showed that networking capability and its dimensions have a positive and significant effect on commercialization performance. In addition, the mediating role of business networks structure in the relationship between networking capability and commercialization performance was confirmed.