delphi method

Risk management is a new branch of management science that, despite being new, has been rapidly expanding and growing and has been welcomed by experts and managers in a variety of trends. Today, risk and related tendencies have found their place in a wide range of matters such as investment, trade, insurance, safety, health, industrial and development projects, and even political, social and military issues. In this regard, risk management has a special place in project management issues, features such as project uniqueness and uncertainty in hypotheses, project objectives and requirements and as a result of environmental factors governing the project, the roots of uncertainty and the source of risk in the project host. According to the standard of knowledge of project management, risk management is one of the principles that is used in project management and to identify uncertainties in achieving project goals. In this study, using fuzzy Delphi method, risk was identified in Mashhad construction projects and then, using the opinion of the panel of experts, 32 risks were identified and prioritized. In supply and goods and equipment, lack of necessary infrastructure for projects, lack of foreign investment in project implementation, constant change of managers, lack of skilled labor, lack of qualified engineer, lack of understanding of projects and related activities, Goods and equipment insurance have the highest risks.

Rework has become one of the most common concerns in residential construction. It is also one of the primary causes of cost and time overruns in residential construction projects, requiring additional resources. Consequently, a substantial quantity of pollution is produced during the construction phase due to the use of significant amounts of resources for reworking. Considering the environmental and economic impacts, the risk of rework in projects should be minimized thorough comprehension of the contributing factors. This study's primary objective is to identify rework factors in residential projects in Mashhad. In order to accomplish the aims, rework-related literature was analyzed, resulting in identifying 76 rework factors. Among these factors, 29 key factors were selected from the researchers' point of view. Following this, the Delphi method was used to reach a reliable consensus among experts regarding the significance of selected factors. In the second round of the Delphi method, 15 experts in the field of construction who participated in this study reached a consensus regarding the importance of each factor. The results are: "Lack of experience and knowledge (client/supervisory team)", "Policy of selecting the lowest financial offer without considering technical competence", and "late changes of plan or scope by the client" in the client group; "Design errors and omissions (late designer input, limited designer skill and experience)" in the design team group; and "Skill and knowledge / insufficient training of the contractor's agents" in the contractor group. It is anticipated that the results of this study will assist project stakeholders and actors in comprehending the underlying factors of rework so that the implementation of their projects requires minimal design changes and rework in the construction phase.

Evaluation of maintenance system in the building is one of the key factors in improving the quality of maintenance and repair processes. It can be stated with certainty that all buildings need maintenance and scientific and technical repair after construction, and therefore how to define this system and determine the appropriate indicators and strategies for it will play an important role in the cost and longevity of the building during operation. The purpose of this paper is to identify and prioritize the indicators affecting the maintenance and repair system (R&M) of Residential buildings and determine the most appropriate policy related to it using a combination of multi-criteria decision-making method. In the presented method, first the weight of the indicators was calculated and then the indicators were prioritized based on multi-criteria fuzzy and non-fuzzy decision-making methods.Finally, considering the ranks obtained from those methods, the final ranking of indicators was calculated using the Average rating and Copeland method. The results showed that the indicators of safety, health, accessibility and proper utilization are in the highest priority respectively and reliability are in the last rank. This issue indicates the importance of safety indicator in evaluating the maintenance and Repairs system of buildings. in order to perform maintenance and repair operations, by identifying and prioritizing effective indicators, they can be used to evaluate the maintenance and repair system of the building based on them.Finally, according to the results and with the help of ARAS method, Breakdown Maintenance Strategy was selected as the most appropriate maintenance policy for buildings.The results of this study show that the application of multi-criteria decision-making methods can help the construction industry professionals to select the key effective indicators in the repair and maintenance system and determine appropriate strategies. Finally, suggestions for future research were provided.

Increasing traffic congestion in urban thoroughfares will have detrimental negative effects such as increasing air pollution, increasing fuel consumption and increasing road user dissatisfaction. General strategies for controlling traffic congestion can be divided into three parts, which are: creating a restricted traffic area, turning traffic plan, and traffic congestion pricing. In the present study, the mentioned strategies were prioritized using the combined Delphi method and Analytic Network Process (ANP). The metropolis of Mashhad was also selected as a case study in this study. Based on the results, the traffic congestion pricing strategy with a score of 0.484 was recognized as the best traffic congestion control strategy in metropolitan areas. The strategies of the turning traffic plan and the creation of a restricted traffic area also gained the second and third priorities, respectively, with a slight difference. The indicators of the travel cost, using of public transportation and single-occupancy car traffic were also recognized as the most important indicators affecting the evaluation and prioritization of traffic congestion control strategies, respectively.

Selecting a construction project manager is one of the most important processes in human resource management in the construction industry. Deciding on the issue of hiring a project manager will be a complex and multivariate issue. The purpose of this study is to provide a hybrid model that optimally solves the issue of ranking and selection of a construction project manager by using decision-making techniques. The proposed model is based on fuzzy linguistic decision criteria, to solve the construction manager selection based on criteria derived from the Delphi method based on previous studies. In this research, two methods of group decision making in ranking and selecting the construction project manager are presented. The Delphi method extracts the criteria, while the fuzzy TOPSIS method selects the optimal candidate. The results show that the use of multi-criteria decision-making methods in the construction project manager selection, increases the efficiency of the process and because it considers various criteria, in the end, efficient managers in accordance with the needs of the project-based organization is a candidate in the recruitment process. One of the features of the proposed approach is to minimize the involvement of subjective judgments in the selection of the construction project manager. This approach can also help decision makers of project-based organizations in identifying and determining the basic criteria before selecting a construction project manager and facilitate the decision to select the best construction project manager based on multiple criteria and options.

Increasing population and high land value have led to an increasing need for taller buildings. In this regard, with the need to excavate deeper to provide more parking spaces, the number of deep excavations is increasing. Observing safety issues in reducing excavation incidents is a matter with a long history. In this article, the factors and risks involved in excavation-related incidents have been identified using the Delphi method. In this method, first in the first round, a group of experienced experts is formed who are fully familiar with the technical issues of excavation and its incidents, and then by identifying the factors and risks in the existing literature, a Delphi method questionnaire is prepared and distributed in the second round. Finally, the main effective risks in excavation incidents, according to the opinions of the team of the experts, have been prioritized in the sustainable development framework and 5 factors have been identified as the key factors.

According to the present condition of Kerman city, current research tries to evaluate the management procedures and planning in traffic control of Kerman city. Type of research in terms of its nature, is analytical-deductive and in terms of its goal is applied one. In order to collect data and related information, it has been used of librarian and field method. In field studies using Delphi method it has been used of expert’s opinions and after final approval of procedures, the required information has been collected by preparing questionnaire. Data analysis has been done using SPSS software along with single sample T-test and regression. Results from T-test which meant to survey the condition of indexes and the improvement and progress of factors of traffic planning, showed that generally the average of understudy indexes of improvement and progress of traffic planning with a median of 3.9 is above middle level. It can be concluded that the role of effective factors on improvement and progress of traffic control planning is desirable in Kerman city. Also the results from regression analysis which meant to survey the impact of independent variables (indexes and effective factors on improvement and progress of traffic planning) on dependent variable, show that the variable of intersections design, park management, vehicles with a Beta of 0.4410 and environmental management with a Beta of 0.408 have the most influence on improvement and progress of urban traffic planning in Kerman city. And the infrastructure variable, designs and development projects with a Beta coefficient of 0.262 have the least influence on improvement and progress of urban traffic planning in Kerman city.

The construction industry is one of the most important industries in Iran that, unfortunately, In spite of its potentials to increase new business information and GDP, couldnt be worked out its domestic and international missions, so that it has only a little international market share. This share is not in proportion to its capabilities and potentials in existence, and the special geographic region. Therefore, it is necessary to identify all dimensions and sectors of the construction industry and analyze its performance in Iran. In this article, first, we identify the construction cluster in Iran by use of cluster approachand Delphi method, and then evaluate its competitiveness. At the end, expert's opinion and other countrie's experiences have been used to give recommendations for improving the level of construction industry in Iran.