جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "family support" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"
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Background
Students with learning disabilities may face challenges associated with their condition, which could contribute to engaging in risky behaviors.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effects of family functioning and cognitive failure in predicting high-risk behaviors among students with a history of learning disabilities.
MethodsThe statistical population of this descriptive-correlational study included all high school students with a history of learning disabilities in Ahvaz, Iran, in 2023. Convenience sampling with informed consent was employed to select 158 high school students with a history of learning disabilities as the research sample. Data were collected using the High-Risk Behavior Scale, Family Functioning Questionnaire, and Cognitive Failure Questionnaire. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and stepwise regression were used for data analysis.
ResultsThe results indicated a significant negative relationship between family functioning and high-risk behaviors (r = -0.41, P < 0.001). Conversely, there was a significant positive relationship between cognitive failure and high-risk behaviors (r = 0.49, P < 0.001). Family functioning and cognitive failure together predicted 29.4% of the variance in students' high-risk behaviors.
ConclusionsThese findings suggest that family functioning and cognitive abilities are important factors to consider in understanding high-risk behaviors. Further research using longitudinal or experimental designs is needed to explore the causal relationships between these variables.
Keywords: Cognitive Failure, High-Risk Behaviors, Family Support, Learning Disabilities, Students -
BackgroundDiabetes is a disease that the main factors are lifestyle-related, such as diet and activity habits. The risk of the disease will increase in individuals with uncontrolled hypertension, lack of exercise/physical activity, and an unhealthy lifestyle. Most type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients still have difficulty in self-management. Motivational interviewing and family support help improve self-management for sufferers.AimThe present study was performed with aim to determine the effectiveness of motivational interviewing and support for self-management in patients with type 2 DM.MethodThis quasi-experimental study with a pre-post-test design was conducted on 60 participants in Bulango Health Center, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia from April to August 2023. The research tool was the DSMQ (Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire). The subjects were divided into two intervention groups: motivational interviewing (n=30) and family support (n=30). The difference in self-management scores in each group was evaluated using the bivariate analysis.ResultsThere was a significant difference in self-management scores between the motivational interviewing group, an average increase of 9.8 points (p<0.001), and the family support group, an average increase of 6.8 points (p<0.001). Motivational interviewing is significantly more effective than family support in improving self-management in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Implications for Practice: Motivational interviewing and family support can be recommended as an independent action in nursing care services for type 2 DM patients.Keywords: Family Support, Motivational Interviewing, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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Aims
Toddlers are one of the groups vulnerable to malnutrition, often associated with prolonged deficiencies in protein and energy. Stunting is a chronic malnutrition issue that results in a child failing to grow adequately compared to others in the same age range. From 2019 to 2022, there were 80 villages identified as stunting loci in Maros Regency, spread across 23 sub-districts, including the Marusu Health Center work area. Factors contributing to stunting include mothers’ knowledge and behavior, poor feeding attitudes, and economic challenges. The purpose of this research was to analyze the connections between knowledge, attitudes, actions, family support, the role of cadre integrated health posts, food resilience, digital parenting, and the cultural practices of mothers with toddlers in the Marusu Health Center area.
Instrument & MethodsThis quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted on 341 mothers of toddlers selected using the total sampling technique. Data collection involved a combination of interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The analysis process involved three techniques, including univariate analysis, bivariate analysis, and multivariate analysis.
FindingsNone of the investigated factors exhibited a statistically significant correlation with stunting in the Marusu Health Center area. The Chi-Square test showed no significant relationships between knowledge (p=0.805), maternal attitudes (p=0.942), maternal practices (p=0.726), family support (p=0.942), the role of health service post cadres (p=1.000), food security (p=0.632), digital parenting (p=0.378), and cultural factors (p=0.812).
ConclusionThere is no statistically significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes, actions, family support, the role of integrated service post, food security, digital parenting, and cultural influences and the incidence of stunting in the Marusu Health Center region.
Keywords: Attitude, Family Support, Food Security, Culture -
BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, with an ongoing increase in the number of TB cases and deaths each year. This rise is largely attributed to high dropout rates from treatment due to non-adherence. Family support plays a crucial role in enhancing TB treatment adherence.ObjectivesThis study aimed to analyze the relationship between emotional, appreciation, informational, and instrumental support from family members and the level of treatment adherence among TB patients in Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia, in 2022.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 150 TB patients who were randomly selected from Deli Serdang Regency, Indonesia, in 2022. Data were collected using a valid Likert scale questionnaire to evaluate the emotional, appreciation, informational, and instrumental support received from family members, as well as treatment adherence among TB patients. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed using SPSS version 21.ResultsAmong the respondents, 62% were male, 55.3% had a high level of education, and 70% were over 35 years old. The analysis revealed that only instrumental support did not show a significant effect (P=0.072), whereas emotional (P=0.001), appreciation (P=0.001), and informational (P=0.002) support had significant impacts on treatment adherence. The multivariate analysis indicated that only emotional support (P=0.044, OR=3.2, 95% CI: 1.0-9.8) and appreciation support (P=0.021, OR=4.5, 95% CI: 1.3-15.9) significantly influenced TB patients' adherence to their treatment.ConclusionWhile appreciation support has a greater influence than emotional support on treatment adherence in TB patients, it is essential for healthcare providers and families to offer all types of support to enhance treatment adherence among these patients.Keywords: Family Support, Tuberculosis, Treatment Adherence, Indonesia
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Background
Mental disorders, particularly schizophrenia, present significant challenges in modern medical and psychological sciences. Addressing these disorders effectively requires not only technical expertise but also continuous, strong family support. Despite the crucial role of familial support in maintaining treatment continuity for individuals with schizophrenia, this area faces numerous challenges that demand in-depth examination and strategic intervention.
ObjectivesThis study explores the challenges involved in sustaining familial support for individuals with schizophrenia.
MethodsThis qualitative study employed content analysis and gathered data through semi-structured interviews with 20 families of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and healthcare professionals at Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Participants were selected through purposive sampling, and data analysis followed the conventional content analysis principles of Lundman and Graneheim.
ResultsThe analysis identified four main categories: (1) the nature of the disease; (2) care burden; (3) cultural barriers; and (4) challenges within the healthcare system.
ConclusionsProviding effective family support requires technical expertise in schizophrenia care, alongside ongoing policy measures aimed at addressing obstacles and enhancing familial involvement. These findings offer valuable insights for improving family support programs and mental health policies to better serve individuals with schizophrenia, thus contributing to overall community mental health.
Keywords: Family Support, Qualitative Study, Mental Health, Psychiatric Nursing, Schizophrenia Disorder -
International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery, Volume:12 Issue: 3, Jul 2024, PP 162 -174BackgroundUterine and Cervical cancer survivors face challenges like the disruption of emotionaland sexual relationships, struggle to maintain sexual life and intimacy, and the possibility ofdivorce. The study aimed to determine the effect of group counseling based on couples’ constructivecommunication on perceived spousal support in uterine and cervical cancer survivors.MethodsA randomized controlled trial on 40 women who survived uterine and cervical cancer wererecruited using convenience sampling and then randomly allocated to a couple-based constructivecommunication intervention group and a routine cancer center care control group from June 2019 toMarch 2020 in Motahhari and Imam Khomeini hospitals in Urmia. The intervention group was involvedin a group counseling session weekly for 5 weeks, regarding constructive couple communication skills.Perceived spouse support was assessed using the sources of social support scale which has 4 subscalesinformational, instrumental, emotional, and negative support before and one week after the end of theintervention in both groups. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 24 through Independentand paired t-tests, Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon, chi-square, and ANCOVA. P value<0.05 wasconsidered statistically significant.ResultsThe effect of the intervention was statistically significant in reducing negative support inthe intervention group (2.70±0.80) in comparison with the control group (3.40±1.04) (P=0.03). It wasalso statistically significant in increasing informational support (3.45±0.71 vs. 2.15±0.80, P<0.001),instrumental support (3.15±0.58 vs. 2.85±0.74, P<0.001), and emotional support (19.40±1.60 vs.16.10±2.10, P<0.001).ConclusionGroup counseling based on couple constructive communication increased perceivedspousal support in uterine and cervical cancer survivorsTrial Registration Number: IRCT20150125020778N22.Keywords: Cancer, Cervix, Counseling, Family Support, Randomized Controlled Trial
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مقدمه و هدف
عزت نفس به عنوان عامل پیش بینی کننده ی سلامت جسمی و روانی، تحت تاثیر عوامل اجتماعی است. افراد در دوران سالمندی روابط خود را به اعضای خانواده و دوستان محدود می کنند. بااین حال مشخص نیست که عزت نفس افراد در دوران سالمندی متاثر از کدام یک از اعضای شبکه ی اجتماعی است؛ لذا این مطالعه با هدف بررسی ارتباط حمایت اجتماعی درک شده با عزت نفس سالمندان ساکن منزل شهر خرم آباد در سال 1401 انجام شد.
روش کاردر این مطالعه ی توصیفی تحلیلی، تعداد 340 سالمند 60 سال و بالاتر شهر خرم آباد با روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای تصادفی بررسی شدند. داده های پژوهش با استفاده از فرم اطلاعات جمعیت شناختی، پرسش نامه ی وضعیت شناختی (ATM)، پرسش نامه ی حمایت اجتماعی درک شده ی زیمت (Zimet) و پرسش نامه ی عزت نفس روزنبرگ جمع آوری شد. برای تحلیل داده ها از آزمون های t مستقل، ANOVA، ضریب هم بستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون خطی و نرم افزار SPSS22 استفاده شد.
یافته هامیانگین و انحراف معیار سنی سالمندان برابر با 55/7± 51/69 بود. از نظر جنسیت، 175 نفر از آن ها (5/51 درصد) زن بودند. 235 نفر (1/69 درصد) متاهل بودند. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که متغیر حمایت اجتماعی کل، حمایت اجتماعی خانواده و دوستان با عزت نفس رابطه ی مستقیم و معناداری دارد (001/0>P). همچنین، ارتباط معنی داری بین تحصیلات و عزت نفس وجود داشت (001/0>P).
نتیجه گیریحمایت اجتماعی درک شده، به خصوص از سوی خانواده و دوستان، نقش مهمی در احساس عزت نفس سالمندان و به خصوص سالمندان تنها دارد. توصیه می شود سالمندان و خانواده ها از روابط خانوادگی و دوستی های خود محافظت کنند و آن را توسعه دهند.
کلید واژگان: حمایت اجتماعی, حمایت خانواده, حمایت دوستان, عزتنفس, سالمندانIntroduction and purposeSelf-esteem as a predictor of physical and mental health is affected by social factors. People in old age limit their relationships with family members and friends; nonetheless, it is not clear which members of the social network affect the self-esteem of people in old age. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the relationship between perceived social support and self-esteem of the elderly residents of Khorramabad in 2023.
MethodsIn this descriptive-analytical study, 340 older adults aged 60 years and older in Khorramabad were selected via random cluster sampling method. Research data were collected using demographic information form, abbreviated mental test score, Zimet perceived social support questionnaire, and Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) using independent t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and linear regression.
ResultsThe mean age score of participants was 69.51±7.55 years; 175 (51.5%) cases were female; and 235 (69.1%) subjects were married. The results of the study demonstrated that the variable of total social support, social support of family and friends, had a direct and significant relationship with self-esteem (P<0.001). In addition, there was a significant relationship between education and self-esteem (P<0.001).
ConclusionPerceived social support from family and friends plays a key role in older adults' self-esteem, especially the lonely ones. It is recommended that older adults and families protect and develop their family relationships and friendships to have better mental health.
Keywords: Elderly, Family Support, Friend Support, Self-Esteem, Social Support -
پیشگفتار:
در بحث مصرف مواد، انزوای اجتماعی پس از مصرف مواد رخ می دهد و عملا با پسایندهایی چون بازگشت مجدد به اعتیاد و دشواری ترک مواد همراه است. به همین دلیل این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تاثیر حمایت خانوادگی و برچسب اجتماعی بر انزوای اجتماعی زنان مصرف کننده مواد با نقش واسطه گری طرد اجتماعی انجام شد.
روشروش مورد استفاده در این مطالعه پیمایش تبیینی بود. میدان مطالعه مراکز درمانی ترک اعتیاد استان گلستان بودند که تعداد صد و هشتاد و هفت زن تحت درمان به عنوان حجم نمونه مبتنی بر روش نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. تکنیک تحلیل نیز مبتنی بر مدل معادلات ساختاری AMOS26 بود.
یافته هانتایج تحقیق نشان داد که طرد اجتماعی تاثیر مثبت و معناداری بر انزوای اجتماعی دارد. همچنین حمایت خانوادگی و برچسب اجتماعی نیز اثر معناداری بر طرد اجتماعی دارند و در نهایت متغیرهای حمایت خانوادگی و برچسب اجتماعی تنها به طور غیرمستقیم از طریق طرد اجتماعی تاثیر معناداری بر انزوای اجتماعی زنان معتاد دارند.
پی آمد:
نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که متغیرهای طرد اجتماعی، حمایت خانوادگی و برچسب اجتماعی سهم مهمی در تبیین انزوای اجتماعی زنان مصرف کننده مواد دارند. بنابراین دستکاری در این متغییرها می تواند نقش مهمی در کاهش انزوای اجتماعی زنان مصرف کننده مواد و به دنبال آن تسهیل ترک اعتیاد آنان داشته باشد. در طی این فرایند، مددکاری اجتماعی می تواند به عنوان یک تسهیلگر ایفای نقش کند.
کلید واژگان: انزوای اجتماعی, برچسب اجتماعی, حمایت خانوادگی, طرد اجتماعیIntroductionWhen discussing drug use, it's been observed that social isolation often follows substance abuse and is closely linked with issues such as relapsing into addiction and struggling to quit drugs. Therefore, this study aimed to explore how family support and social labels affect the social isolation of female drug users, with the mediating factor of social exclusion.
MethodsThe study used an explanatory survey method. The field of study was addiction treatment centers in Golestan province. A sample of one hundred and eighty-seven women undergoing treatment was selected using available sampling methods. The analysis technique was based on the AMOS26 structural equation model.
ResultsThe research results indicated that social exclusion has a notably positive impact on social isolation. Furthermore, family support and social labels were found to significantly influence social exclusion. Finally, family support and social labels appeared to have a significant impact on the social isolation of addicted women, but only indirectly through social exclusion.
ConclusionsThe findings of this study indicate that social exclusion, family support, and social stigma significantly contribute to the social isolation experienced by women who use drugs. As a result, addressing and influencing these factors can play a crucial role in reducing social isolation among female drug users and facilitating their recovery. In this process, a social worker can serve as a facilitator.
Keywords: Social Isolation, Social Stigma, Family Support, Social Exclusion -
Background
This review aimed to synthesize intervention models involving the role of adolescent and family support as part of comprehensive care to improve self-efficacy and self-management among adolescents with Diabetes Mellitus (DM).
MethodsA review was conducted to conform to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) standards. We searched PubMed, Research Gate, Science Direct, Cochrane Library databases, and grey literature. We included articles exploring family intervention models on improving self-efficacy and self-management among adolescents with DM, published from January 1, 2009, to June 30, 2022, and in English. Articles were declared eligible, reviewed critically, and then synthesized narratively.
ResultsWe identified 487 abstracts and title records from the initial search and excluded 409 irrelevant studies. Sixty-six full-text articles were screened, and nine were included in the synthesis. Five articles presented findings from using models focusing on child and adolescent intervention, while in the remaining four articles, the intervention models involved adolescents and their caregivers or parents. Only two models provide comprehensive care that requires collaboration among healthcare providers, patients, and families. Adolescent self-efficacy and self-management schemes as intermediary variables are closely related to everything that can influence health behavior, metabolic control, and quality of life for adolescents, which requires support from a multidisciplinary collaborative team.
ConclusionExcellent comprehensive care team collaboration involving family support is essential to increase the self-efficacy and self-management of adolescents with DM.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Adolescent, Family support, Self-efficacy, Self-management -
مقدمه
پیشرفت تحصیلی از مهم ترین مشکلات فراروی نظام آموزشی دانشگاه ها است که بررسی عوامل تاثیرگذار بر آن، اهمیت به سزایی دارد. از این رو، پژوهش حاضر، با هدف مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری تاثیر حمایت خانواده بر پیشرفت تحصیلی با نقش واسطه ای خودکارآمدی مسیر شغلی در دانشجویان پیراپزشکی انجام شد.
روش هاروش پژوهش، همبستگی از نوع معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل کلیه دانشجویان دانشکده های پیراپزشکی استان یزد در سال تحصیلی 1401-1400 بود که از این میان، برای نمونه پژوهش، 300 نفر به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. داده های پژوهش با استفاده از پرسشنامه های خودکارآمدی در تصمیم گیری شغلی، حمایت اجتماعی (مقیاس خانواده) و سنجش معدل دانشجو در ترم گذشته جمع آوری و با استفاده از نرم افزارهای آماری SPSS-23 و AMOS-22 جهت مدل یابی ساختاری تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.
نتایجاثر مستقیم حمایت خانواده بر خودکارآمدی مسیر شغلی (05/0>P و 236/0=β) و پیشرفت تحصیلی (05/0>P و 161/0=β) معنادار بوده است. همچنین، اثر مستقیم خودکارآمدی مسیر شغلی بر پیشرفت تحصیلی معنادار بوده است (01/0>P و 445/0=β). علاوه بر این، اثر غیرمستقیم حمایت خانواده بر پیشرفت تحصیلی به واسطه ی متغیر خودکارآمدی مسیر شغلی معنادار بوده است (01/0>P و 105/0=β).
نتیجه گیریبنابراین، بر طبق نتایج بدست آمده از این پژوهش، می توان با ارتقای حمایت خانواده و بهبود خودکارآمدی مسیر شغلی دانشجویان، زمینه پیشرفت تحصیلی آنان را مهیا نمود.
کلید واژگان: پیشرفت تحصیلی, حمایت خانواده, خودکارآمدی مسیر شغلی, دانشجویانIntroductionAcademic achievement is one of the most important problems faced by the educational system of universities, and it is very important to examine the influential factors. As such, this current study endeavored to model the structural equations of the effect of family support on academic achievement with the mediating role of career path self-efficacy in paramedical students.
MethodsThe method was structural equation correlation. The research population included all students of paramedical faculties in Yazd province in the 2021-2022academic years, out of which, 300 individuals were selected as the sample by available sampling method. Research data were collected through self-efficacy questionnaires in career decision-making, social support (family scale), and the student's adjusted assessment in the last semester and analyzed using SPSS-23 and AMOS-22 statistical software for structural modeling.
ResultsThe direct effect of family support on career path self-efficacy (P<0.05 and β=0.236) and academic achievement (P<0.05 and β=0.161) was significant. Besides, the direct effect of career path self-efficacy on academic achievement was significant (P<0.01 and β=0.445). Moreover, the indirect effect of family support on academic achievement through the career path self-efficacy variable was significant (P<0.01 and β=0.105).
ConclusionAccording to the findings, it is possible to prepare the ground for students' academic achievement by promoting family support and improving the self-efficacy of students' career path.
Keywords: Academic Achievement, Family Support, Career Path Self-Efficacy, Students -
Aims
The family is a support system in the service system for schizophrenia patients. Family-based psychological training for people suffering from auditory hallucinations has not yet been implemented, and no attention has been paid to auditory hallucination nursing. This study aimed to determine the effect of psycho-education enrichment on the family's ability to control hallucinations in Schizophrenia patients.
Materials &MethodsThis study is a pre-experimental study with a one-group pre-test and post-test design. From a total of 1343 families of people suffering from auditory hallucinations, 30 people were selected by simple random sampling from Jambi Mental Hospital. The psycho-educational activity was conducted for three sessions of 90-120 minutes. All collected data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test.
FindingsThe mean age of the study participants was 45.2±13.6 years. After the intervention, the mean scores of knowledge (p<0.001), attitude (p<0.010), and skill (p<0.001) of participants significantly increased in the post-test compared to the pre-test.
ConclusionPsycho-education interventions can improve the ability of families to control auditory hallucinations in family members with schizophrenia as part of nursing interventions.
Keywords: Auditory Hallucinations, Family Support, Psychotherapy, Schizophrenia -
Aims
Diabetes foot is a complication of diabetes mellitus that can be avoided by practicing proper foot care. This behavior is influenced by factors such as self-efficacy and family support. The presence of communication and language barriers between healthcare providers and patients with diabetes mellitus leads to difficulties in understanding diabetes education, which ultimately hinders self-care. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a community health worker intervention program on the self-efficacy and family support of patients with diabetes regarding foot care.
Materials &MethodsThis quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with a control group was conducted on 72 diabetes mellitus patients who were in the working area of the Lempake Primary Health Care Center, Samarinda City. The respondents were selected by purposive sampling method and divided into two groups, including the intervention group (n=36) and the control group (n=36). Data were collected using Foot Care Confident Scale and Family Support Questionnaire and were analyzed by Statistical tests.
FindingsThere was a significant difference in the mean score of family support in the intervention group compared to the control group (p=0.01). Meanwhile, for self-efficacy, there was no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.48). However, significant differences were observed in self-efficacy and family support before and after the intervention (p<0.05). Whereas in the control group, there was no significant difference in self-efficacy and family support (p>0.05).
ConclusionCommunity health worker intervention programs can increase family support and self-efficacy of diabetes mellitus patients in foot care.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Family Support, Self-Efficacy, Community health workers, Diabetic Foot, Prevention -
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کاهش رشد جمعیت در دهه های اخیر از دغدغه اصلی سیاست گذاران بوده و در راستای رفع این نگرانی پیشنهادهای متعددی ارایه شده است. قانون حمایت از خانواده و جوانی جمعیت بیانگر آخرین اراده سیاست گذاران به منظور تغییر در روند رشد جمعیت است. تفکر حاکم بر این قانون این بوده که در کنار سازوکارهای تشویقی، اتخاذ تدابیر تنبیهی نیز در رشد جمعیت تاثیرگذار است. از این رو در کنار محدودسازی عقیم سازی و ارایه وسایل پیشگیری از بارداری، ضمانت اجراهای کیفری نیز پیش بینی شده است. علاوه بر این، طبق این قانون ضوابط صدور مجوز سقط درمانی نیز تغییر یافته است. نگاهی به ماده 56 قانون حمایت از خانواده و جوانی جمعیت نشان می دهد قانون گذار تلاش کرده از طریق جایگزینی رویکرد قضایی به جای رویکرد پزشکی، موارد سقط درمانی را کاهش دهد. جلوه های این رویکرد در فرآیند رسیدگی به مجوز سقط درمانی، تغییر در ساختار رسیدگی به درخواست مجوز و نیز تشدید تدابیر کیفری مشاهده می شود. این قانون همچنین تغییراتی نیز در ضوابط صدور مجوز ایجاد کرده است. باوجود هدف مطلوب قانون گذار، نگارندگان بر این باورند که سقط درمانی بیش از آنکه موضوعی قضایی باشد، موضوعی پزشکی است وهرگونه تغییر در این حوزه باید با دقت و مشاوره با متخصصان انجام پذیرد. از این رو پیشنهاد می شود ضوابط جدید این قانون بازنگری شده و نقش پزشکی قانونی در صدور مجوز سقط درمانی پررنگ تر شود.
کلید واژگان: سقط درمانی, پزشکی قانونی, جنین, رشد جمعیت, حمایت از خانوادهForensic Medicine, Volume:27 Issue: 4, 2022, PP 207 -215One of the main concerns for policymakers in recent decades has been the declining population growth. To address this concern, several suggestions have been made. The Family and Youth Protection Act represents the latest volition of policymakers to alter the population growth trend. In addition to incentive mechanisms, the dominant view of this law has been the adoption of punitive measures which are also effective in population growth. Therefore, in addition to limiting sterilization and providing contraceptives, this act has also provided the guarantee of criminal executions. Furthermore, the law has altered the rules for issuing medical abortion licenses. A quick overview of Article 56 of the Family Protection and Youth Law indicates that the legislature has attempted to decrease the number of medical abortions by replacing the judicial approach with a medical approach. Manifestations of this approach can be observed in the process of processing medical abortion licenses, altering the structure of licensing applications, and intensifying criminal measures. This act has also made changes in the case of licensing rules. Despite the desired objective of policymakers, the authors maintain that medical abortion is more of a medical issue than a judicial one, and any alterations in this case should be performed meticulously and in consultation with experts. It is therefore suggested that the new provisions of this act be revised and the role of forensic medicine in issuing medical abortion licenses be highlighted.
Keywords: Medical abortion, Forensic medicine, Fetus, Population growth, Family support -
مقدمه
فهم ویژگی های روانشناختی متقاضیان جراحی زیبایی می تواند در برنامه ریزی های مختلف جهت پیشگیری و درمان مشکلات روان شناختی این بیماران کمک کند. بنابراین، مطالعه ی حاضر با هدف تعیین رابطه ی بی نظمی هیجانی و افکار منفی تکرارشونده با نگرانی از تصویر بدن با توجه به نقش واسطه ای حمایت خانواده در زنان متقاضی جراحی زیبایی انجام شد.
روش کارپژوهش حاضر به روش توصیفی - مقطعی از نوع همبستگی انجام شد. جامعه ی آماری شامل تمامی زنان مراجعه کننده به کلینیک های جراحی زیبایی شهر تهران در سال 1399 بودکه از بین آن ها 133 نفر به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شد. جهت جمع آوری اطلاعات از فرم اطلاعات جمعیت شناسی، مقیاس بد تنظیمی هیجانی، پرسشنامه افکار تکرار شونده، پرسشنامه ترس از تصویر بدن و پرسشنامه حمایت خانواده استفاده شد. از نرم افزارهای آماری SPSS نسخه23 و AMOS نسخه 22، شاخص های توصیفی، ضریب همبستگی پیرسون، رگرسیون چند متغیری و تحلیل مسیر برای تحلیل داده ها استفاده شد.
یافته هانتایج شاخص های برازش مدل تحلیل مسیر حاکی از آن است که مقدار شاخص های برازش تطبیقی مطلوب است، یعنی مدل پژوهش، قادر به تبیین و توضیح رابطه ی بین متغیرهای افکار تکرار شونده و بی نظمی هیجانی در ارتباط با نگرانی از تصویر بدنی است. بنابراین، می توان گفت که متغیر حمایت خانواده توانایی نقش میانجی در ارتباط بین افکار تکرار شونده و بد تنظیمی هیجانی با نگرانی از تصویر بدنی را دارد؛ یعنی افکار تکرار شونده و بد تنظیمی هیجانی به واسطه ی حمایت خانواده، می توانند نگرانی از تصویر بدنی را پیش بینی نمایند (001/0>P).
نتیجه گیریبه نظر می رسد حمایت خانواده می تواند متغیر مهمی در جهت کاهش افکار تکرار شونده و بی نظمی هیجانی در ارتباط با نگرانی از تصویر بدنی باشد؛ بنابراین پیشنهاد می شود درمانگران به این مهم توجه ویژه ای داشته باشند.
کلید واژگان: بی نظمی هیجانی, افکار منفی تکرارشونده, نگرانی از تصویر بدن, حمایت خانوادهIntroductionThe understanding of the psychological characteristics of cosmetic surgery applicants can help in various programs to prevent and treat the psychological problems of these patients.The purpose of this paper was to determine the relationship between emotional disorder and repeated negative thoughts with body image concern due to the mediating role of family support in women applying for cosmetic surgery.
MethodThe present study was conducted by descriptive cross-sectional correlation method. The statistical population included all women referring to cosmetic surgery clinics in Tehran in 2020, from which 133 people were selected by Available sampling. Demographic information form, emotional dysregulation scale, recurring thoughts questionnaire, body image fear questionnaire and family support questionnaire were used to collect information. SPSS statistical software version 23 and AMOS version 22, descriptive indices, Pearson correlation coefficient, multivariate regression and path analysis were used to analyze the data.
ResultsThe results of the fit indices of the path analysis model indicate that the value of the adaptive fit indices is desirable, ie the research model is able to explain and indicate that the variables of repetitive thoughts and emotional disorder are in relationship with body image concerns. Thus, it can be said that the family support variable has the ability to mediate the relationship between repetitive thoughts and emotional dysregulation with body image concerns; That is, repetitive thoughts and emotional dysregulation due to family support can predict body image anxiety (P <0.001).
ConclusionIt seems that family support can be an important variable in reducing repetitive thoughts and emotional disorder related to body image concerns; Therefore, it is suggested that therapists pay special attention to this important issue.
Keywords: Emotion dysregulation, Repetitive Negative Thoughts, Body Image Concern, Family Support -
Background
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection reduces its victims' quality of life (QoL). Generally, hepatitis-C patients seem to face decreased social, family, and friends support and a social phobia that lowers their QoL and emotional state. There is a need to pay special attention to hepatitis-C patients' emotional and social needs.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the impact of social support, family, and education on the quality of life of hepatitis drug users.
MethodsThis quasi-experimental study was conducted on 144 male drug users (72 people in each intervention and control group) with hepatitis C referring to two Drop-in Centers covered by the Welfare Organization in Isfahan, Iran, in 2017 - 2018. Convenience sampling was used in this study, and the sample size was determined to be 72 subjects in both groups, and through tossing a coin, drop-in-center no. 1 was selected as the intervention group and the drop-in-center no. 2 as the control group. Those in the intervention group were divided into six 12-person groups and were invited to participate in a supportive-educational program with a family member. A self-administered questionnaire measuring demographic characteristics, high-risk behaviors, the status of hepatitis C, and SF-36 for determining the QoL was completed by participants in both intervention and control groups before and after the intervention.
ResultsThe mean QoL score and changes in this score during the three times of measurements were significantly different between the two groups. However, after the intervention, the mean total QoL score in the intervention group (71.32 (16.15)) was significantly higher than the control group (48.22 (25.81)) (P < 0.05).
ConclusionsEducational programs with a strong emphasis on family support and companionship can improve some dimensions of the QoL in patients with HCV.
Keywords: Family Support, Social Support, Education, Quality of Life, Hepatitis C -
کاهش رشد جمعیت در دهه های اخیر از دغدغه اصلی سیاست گذاران بوده و در راستای رفع این نگرانی پیشنهادهای متعددی ارایه شده است. قانون حمایت از خانواده و جوانی جمعیت بیانگر آخرین اراده سیاست گذاران به منظور تغییر در روند رشد جمعیت است. تفکر حاکم بر این قانون این بوده که در کنار سازوکارهای تشویقی، اتخاذ تدابیر تنبیهی نیز در رشد جمعیت تاثیرگذار است. از این رو در کنار محدودسازی عقیم سازی و ارایه وسایل پیشگیری از بارداری، ضمانت اجراهای کیفری نیز پیش بینی شده است. علاوه بر این، طبق این قانون ضوابط صدور مجوز سقط درمانی نیز تغییر یافته است. نگاهی به ماده 56 قانون حمایت از خانواده و جوانی جمعیت نشان می دهد قانون گذار تلاش کرده از طریق جایگزینی رویکرد قضایی به جای رویکرد پزشکی، موارد سقط درمانی را کاهش دهد. جلوه های این رویکرد در فرآیند رسیدگی به مجوز سقط درمانی، تغییر در ساختار رسیدگی به درخواست مجوز و نیز تشدید تدابیر کیفری مشاهده می شود. این قانون همچنین تغییراتی نیز در ضوابط صدور مجوز ایجاد کرده است. باوجود هدف مطلوب قانون گذار، نگارندگان بر این باورند که سقط درمانی بیش از آنکه موضوعی قضایی باشد، موضوعی پزشکی است وهرگونه تغییر در این حوزه باید با دقت و مشاوره با متخصصان انجام پذیرد. از این رو پیشنهاد می شود ضوابط جدید این قانون بازنگری شده و نقش پزشکی قانونی در صدور مجوز سقط درمانی پررنگ تر شود.
کلید واژگان: سقط درمانی, پزشکی قانونی, جنین, رشد جمعیت, حمایت از خانوادهForensic Medicine, Volume:27 Issue: 3, 2022, PP 207 -215One of the main concerns for policymakers in recent decades has been the declining population growth. To address this concern, several suggestions have been made. The Family and Youth Protection Act represents the latest volition of policymakers to alter the population growth trend. In addition to incentive mechanisms, the dominant view of this law has been the adoption of punitive measures which are also effective in population growth. Therefore, in addition to limiting sterilization and providing contraceptives, this act has also provided the guarantee of criminal executions. Furthermore, the law has altered the rules for issuing medical abortion licenses. A quick overview of Article 56 of the Family Protection and Youth Law indicates that the legislature has attempted to decrease the number of medical abortions by replacing the judicial approach with a medical approach. Manifestations of this approach can be observed in the process of processing medical abortion licenses, altering the structure of licensing applications, and intensifying criminal measures. This act has also made changes in the case of licensing rules. Despite the desired objective of policymakers, the authors maintain that medical abortion is more of a medical issue than a judicial one, and any alterations in this case should be performed meticulously and in consultation with experts. It is therefore suggested that the new provisions of this act be revised and the role of forensic medicine in issuing medical abortion licenses be highlighted.
Keywords: Medical abortion, Forensic medicine, Fetus, Population growth, Family support -
Background
Hypertension is a major global health problem and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. An unhealthy lifestyle can increase the risk of hypertension and psychological disorders, thereby heightening the risk of cardiovascular disease.
ObjectivesThe study aimed to evaluate the effects of lifestyle education on depression, anxiety, stress, and perceived family support among hypertensive patients undergoing coronary angioplasty.
MethodsThis randomized clinical trial recruited 60 hypertensive patients undergoing angioplasty at the coronary care units of an educational hospital in Isfahan, Iran, in 2015. Then, 30 subjects were randomly allocated to each intervention and control group. The patients in the intervention group and their family members were provided with group lifestyle education in six sessions held in three successive weeks, accompanied by one-month follow-up telephone contacts. Data were collected before, immediately after, and one month after the intervention using a demographic questionnaire, the 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale with Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.80, 0.83, and 0.87, and a researcher-made family support questionnaire. Data analysis was done using the paired-sample t, independent-sample t, chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and repeated-measures analysis of variance tests.
ResultsThe study groups did not significantly differ respecting demographic characteristics, and the pretest mean scores of depression, anxiety, stress, and perceived family support (P > 0.05). However, significant between-group differences were observed at both posttests, respecting the mean scores of depression, anxiety, stress, and perceived family support (P < 0.05). Moreover, while these mean scores did not significantly change in the control group (P > 0.05), the mean scores of depression, anxiety, and stress significantly decreased, and the mean score of perceived family support significantly increased in the intervention group across the three measurements (P < 0.05).
ConclusionsLifestyle education effectively reduced depression, anxiety, and stress and improved perceived family support among patients with hypertension and angioplasty. Nurses can use such interventions to improve patient outcomes.
Keywords: Family support, Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Coronary Angioplasty, Hypertension, Lifestyle -
Aims Covid-19 infected patients are necessarily treated under isolation procedure in health facilities. However, those who have clinically mild symptomps are recommended to self-isolate. This study aims to explore the experiences of Covid-19 survivors who underwent self-isolation from the beginning of infection until declared cured. Participant and Method Phenomenological design study was used in this qualitative research to describe the experiences of Covid-19 survivors who were under self-isolation in Semarang, from the beginning of infection until declared cured. Data was collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews through offline and online methods. Findings Positive thinking and the support of family and companion motivated them to survive in self-isolation condition. Environmental stigma was the most undesirable obstacle felt by the Covid-19 survivors during self-isolation at home. Covid-19 survivors experiencing clinically mild symptoms tended to distrust the media because the media provides frightening information about Covid-19. Conclusion Positive thinking and family support are the successful key of self-isolation. Media can be used responsibly to reduce stigma and to support Covid-19 sufferers who are undergoing self-isolation.
Keywords: Covid-19 Survivor, self-isolation, Stigma, Family Support, Positive thinking -
Background
Population aging refers to the increase in number and percentage of older population aged 60 yr and above, and at the same time, decreasing in number and percentage of the young population aged 15 yr old and below. Starting in developed countries, population aging has now become a distinctive demographic phenomenon in developing countries. Nowadays developing countries have become the home to the largest proportion of older people in the world. This paper aimed to analyze the impact of population aging in Malaysia.
MethodsWe employed a secondary data analysis related to the impact of population aging in Malaysia. In analyzing the data, the paper detailed, segmented, coded and, formulated the text into themes through a thematic approach. The themes that emerged from the data were family changes, migration of youth, support and care, health problems, financial security as well as housing problems. These emerged themes mapped the shared patterns of the impacts of the population aging.
ResultsWith the increasing of the older population in Malaysia, there are various impacts of population aging emerged, particularly in terms of family changes, youth migration to cities, support and care, health, financial security and housing. The discussion in this article is revolved around these impacts.
ConclusionThe growth of older people and the impact emerging from it has certain policy implications for the government of the country. Thus, the government needs to prepare for adequate policies and resources for future older people.
Keywords: Older person, Population aging, Life expectancy, Family support, Quality of life
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