جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « oximetry » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Maintaining an optimal mean arterial pressure (MAP) is vital for cerebral blood flow and the overall health of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. This study investigated the impact of low MAP on cerebral blood flow and in-hospital clinical outcomes in CABG candidates at our hospital.

We compared a convenience sample of 55 patients with a low MAP (55 mmHg) and 54 patients with a high MAP (75 mmHg) who underwent CABG at Tehran Heart Center in 2023. We recorded the patients' demographic and clinical characteristics by measuring cerebral oximeter readings and lactate levels pre- and post-operation. We then compared the baseline and postoperative characteristics between the 2 groups and determined the impact of MAP on their postoperative changes.

The groups were statistically similar at baseline, except for a lower pH in the low MAP group (55 mmHg) (P=0.016). The preoperative and postoperative measurements (including lactate levels and cerebral oximeter readings) did not differ between the groups. However, heart rate was significantly higher in the high MAP group (75 mmHg) (P=0.034). The adjusted effect of baseline MAP on selected postoperative characteristics showed that it could significantly but inversely influence heart rate (β coefficient=-5.952; P=0.017) and had a borderline effect on troponin (β coefficient=1.734; P=0.051) and HCO3 (β coefficient=0.785; P=0.062).

MAP did not significantly influence clinical outcomes in our study. Nonetheless, maintaining an optimal MAP is essential for preventing cerebral injury and ensuring adequate cerebral oxygenation in CABG patients.

Monitoring regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2)andhemodynamic stability (eg,meanarterial blood pressure [MABP]) in high-risk premature infants is crucial to enhance daily clinical practices in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).

This study aimed to investigate potential differences between oxygen saturation measurements obtained via near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and pulse oximetry (PO).

This pilot study enrolled20verylow-birth-weight (VLBW) prematureneonates through a non-random, available sampling approach. We gathered maternal and fetal demographic data along with clinical characteristics of the neonates. The study focused on assessing tissue and cerebral oxygenation using PO and NIRS. We specifically monitored changes in mean rScO2 and MABP at various time points: before, during, and 5 and 10 min after the administration of surfactant injection (SI) via the endotracheal tube.

The mean gestational age, neonatal birth weight, and Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min after birth were 28.44 ± 2.57 weeks, 1063 ± 246 g, 6.05 ± 2.57, and 7.94 ± 1.79, respectively. No significant differences were observed between mean rScO2 values measured by NIRS and PO before (P = 0.631), during (P = 0.722), and 5 min after (P = 0.783) SI. However, a significant difference between PO and NIRS-based rScO2 values was found 10 min after SI (96.95% vs 75.0%; P = 0.04). Additionally, there was no significant correlation between mean rScO2 and MABP recorded before, during, and after SI.

There were no differences in oxygen saturation measurements (recorded by PO) and rScO2 values (recorded by NIRS) before, during, and immediately after SI. Therefore, using PO in NICUs to assess cerebral oxygenation, autoregulation, and hypoxia appears both reasonable and cost-effective. Further multicenter studies are needed to validate the practical advantages and cost-effectiveness of NIRS as an emerging monitoring system.

This paper presents the development of an intelligent system for managing medical oxygen consumption using oximetry and barometry in the hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, utilizing machine learning methods. The system integrates various sensors and machine learning algorithms to enable real-time monitoring and control of the oxygen supply chain. 

The proposed approach utilizes multiple sensors to measure the purity and pressure of medical oxygen, and this data is collected and processed using machine learning algorithms. The system uses a decision tree model to classify the purity and pressure readings and identify deviations from the specified parameters. The system also utilizes an artificial neural network model to predict future oxygen consumption levels, enabling proactive supply chain management. The system consists of two main components: the hardware component and the software component. The software component includes machine learning algorithms for data processing and system management. 

The proposed system has been tested in several hospitals affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, and the results show that it can effectively monitor and manage medical oxygen consumption with high accuracy and reliability. The machine learning algorithms used in the system have the potential to improve patient safety by identifying potential issues in the oxygen supply chain before they become critical.  

In conclusion, this paper presents an innovative and intelligent system that utilizes machine learning methods to enhance the management of medical oxygen consumption in hospitals significantly.

Nosocomial infections may result from intensive care unit pulse oximeters. The descriptive study examined pulse oximeter sensor microbiological contamination and the efficacy of manual disinfection with alcohol and sodium hypochlorite in five hospital intensive care units. Sixty-eight reusable pulse oximeter sensors were swabbed, cultured, and evaluated after decontamination. In private and public hospitals, 12 (35.2%) and 13 (37.2%) pulse oximeters tested positive for bacteria. Alcohol 70% reduced the microbial load and more than 10% sodium hypochlorite. The study found that purposeful cleaning and disinfection reduce microorganisms. Alcohol was more efficacious than sodium hypochlorite. Critical care facilities should regularly clean reusable pulse oximeter sensors.

 As the blood oxygen level in patients with COVID-19, who show no symptoms despite the highly insufficient level of oxygen in the blood, the physician should thus be constantly aware of the blood oxygen saturation level and check it.

 This study was conducted with the aim of assessing the concordance of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and pulse oximetry (SpO2) in patients with and without COVID-19 hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU).

 In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, all patients with and without COVID-19 hospitalized in the ICU in Imam Khomeini and Golestan hospitals in Kermanshah city during 6 months of the year 2020 were studied. Patients' oxygenation index was calculated in all patients (with and without COVID-19) using two variables, i.e., SpO2 gained from pulse oximetry and SaO2 derived from arterial blood gas analysis.

 A total of 60 patients with COVID-19 and 57 patients without COVID-19 hospitalized in the ICU were studied. There was a significant positive correlation between the means of SpO2 and SaO2 in both groups of patients (P < 0.05, r (with COVID-19) = 0.727, r (without COVID-19) = 0.459).

 There is a good agreement between oxygen saturations by two measurement methods, i.e., SpO2 and SaO2 in both groups of patients with and without COVID-19. However, the pulse oximetry is not a proper method to measure oxygen saturation level in the blood of patients with COVID-19 and this method can be an acceptable method in stable conditions of the body.

Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and phenylephrine may have different effects on cerebral O2 saturation when used to treat intraoperative hypotension. The present study aimed to evaluate these effects on cerebral O2 saturation in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during heart surgeries.

The current randomized clinical trial enrolled 114 adult patients, 90 of whom were eligible for randomization into 3 groups (each=30) receiving epinephrine, norepinephrine, and phenylephrine if they experienced hypotension (mean arterial pressure [MAP]<60 mm Hg) during surgery. Cerebral oximetry as the primary outcome, hemodynamic parameters, consisting of heart rate, MAP, and arterial blood gas (ABG), and lactate levels were recorded prior to surgery and 120, 150, and 180 seconds after vasopressor administration during CPB.

The 3 study groups were similar regarding demographic variables. Hemodynamic parameters, including ABG, and lactate levels showed no statistically significant differences between the groups (P>0.05). Additionally, cerebral O2 saturation at baseline and 120, 150, and 180 seconds after vasopressor administration was not statistically different between the 3 groups (P>0.05).

The administration of epinephrine, norepinephrine, or phenylephrine in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB support yielded no statistically significant differences in clinical and hemodynamic parameters.

Oximetry is a method for measuring the arterial hemoglobin saturation (SpO2) using pulse oximeter and is essential in any type of anesthetic procedures. The growing population of geriatrics in the recent decades in combination with an increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases including diabetes and hypertension are some of the leading causes for an increase in the prevalence of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The definite treatment for ESRD is renal transplant but unfortunately, it may take a long time to find a suitable kidney and continuing the patient’s life may depend on dialysis. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) formation is one of the first steps to prepare the patient for hemodialysis. ESRD itself is a reason for physical and psychosocial issues. Preparing a favorable condition for AVF surgery is essential to decrease the burden of the underlying disease. An efficient respiratory supply is necessary in all parts of an anesthetic procedures. Aims and

This study is a double-blind clinical trial to compare two anesthetic agents, dexmedetomidine and remifentanil in patients with ESRD who underwent AVF formation.

SpO2 was measured on different phases including the time of initial incision, and after 10, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min of finishing the surgery. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22, two-way repeated measures (ANOVA), and independent t-test.

This study showed that there was no any significant difference in using any of these two agents with regard to SpO2 in the different times of measurements during the anesthetic procedure and after the surgery in the recovery phase.

This study showed that there is not any superiority in using DEX or REM in the patients undergo AVF formation. More studies on the other groups of the patients with different surgeries.

This study aimed to determine the effects of various positions on the arterial oxygen saturation during enteral feeding of preterm infants admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). It is assumed that different body positions influence arterial oxygen saturation during enteral feeding. This crossover clinical trial included 88 infants. The inclusion criteria were gestation age of fewer than 32 weeks, a weight of 1001-1500 gr, age of fewer than one month, 5-minute Apgar score of at least 5, exclusive breast-feeding, absence of any underlying illness, no oxygen therapy, and a minimum feed volume of 10cc for two h. The subjects were selected from the infants admitted to NICUs at Alzahra, Shahid Beheshti, and Amin hospitals, Isfahan, Iran, using a convenience sampling method. Subsequently, they were randomly assigned to four groups of 22 cases per group. The four groups were A, B, C, and D who were initially positioned on the left side, supine, prone, and right side, respectively. The arterial oxygen saturation was recorded on a minute-by-minute basis 5 min before, during, and 5 min after enteral feeding. Data were analyzed in STATA software (version 14) using a one-way analysis of variance, (ANOVA), linear mixed model, and the Chi-square test. According to the results of the one-way ANOVA and Chi-square test, no significant difference was observed among the four groups regarding the demographic characteristics. Moreover, the linear mixed model revealed no significant difference among the four groups of intervention, the four periods of the study, and carryover effect in terms of the mean oxygen saturation before, during, and after enteral feeding. The results revealed that variations in infant positions during feeding had no effects on the arterial oxygen saturation. Therefore, neonatal nurses are advised to carry out enteral feeding without unnecessary changing of the infant position, which leads to lower manipulation, and improved sleep and awakening cycle of the infants.

Currently, the most available treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is thrombolytic therapy with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-TPA). A challenge in r-TPA therapy is the prediction of recovery in each case.

The aim was to find a possible relationship between the cerebral oximetry indexes and the clinical outcome of r-TPA therapy to assess the cerebral oximetry as a non-invasive monitoring agent for therapy.

The inclusion criteria were all patients with AIS who received r-TPA. The neurologic status was evaluated based on the national institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS) score at arrival, and after a period of 24 hours. In addition, the levels of brain oxygenation in both hemispheres were measured before and continuously over the first 24 hours after r-TPA injection, using an oximetric sensor in the frontal lobes. The clinical success was defined as a 4-point improvement from the baseline NIHSS.

Total 44 patients with the mean age of 58.2 ± 2.18 years were enrolled, of whom 68.18% were male. Twenty-eight patients remained clinically unimproved and 16 patients were improved. A significant difference was found in the mean surface area under the brain oximetric curve in the 24 hour, in the affected hemisphere in the improved group, compared to the unimproved group (P = 0.007). There was a significant difference between the mean increase in brain oxygenation within 24 hours in the improved and unimproved groups (P = 0.002).

It is likely that, The cerebral oximetry could contribute to predict the likelihood of r-TPA prognosis in patients with AIS.

Pulse oximeter is a simple and noninvasive standard device to monitor the saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO2) and heart rate. The nail polish of different colors may result in inaccurate oximetry reading and interpretation of oxygen saturation. This study aimed at determining the effect of different colors of glittered nail polish on SpO2 in healthy students. This is a randomized clinical trial on 30 healthy students with SpO2 ≥95% and without any complications on nail beds and environmental perfusion. SpO2 was measured on 10 fingers of the participants after sitting and resting on a seat for 10 min in a room with normal temperature. Then they were asked to apply 10 colors of glittered nail polish randomly to their fingernails as all colors were used. After drying the two‑layer nail polish, SpO2 was measured again. Of 10 glittered nail‑polishes, dark green and purple did not change SpO2 reading significantly. All other colors lowered SpO2 significantly based on Wilcoxon test (red: p = 0.003; orange: p = 0.002; yellow: p = 0.015; pink: p = 0.017; dark blue: p = 0.001; violet: p = 0.001; brown: p = 0.001; black: p = 0.001). However, those changes were not clinically significant because SpO2 differences before and after nail polish were in acceptable range (less than a 2% change). We conclude that different colors of glittered nail polishes do not result in a clinically significant change in pulse oximetry measurements in healthy subjects; therefore, it is not necessary to remove the glittered nail polish routinely in clinical, surgical, and emergency settings.

The Gow-Gates (GG) block and the inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) can be used interchangeably for anesthetizing mandibular molars. The aim of this study was to compare these two injections in root canal therapy of mandibular molars with regard to heart rate (HR) and blood oxygen saturation (BOS) changes. Thirty patients between the ages of 18-70 years having mandibular molars on both sides of their jaw and in need of root canal therapy were recruited after signing a consent form. The patients' HR and BOS were measured 5 minutes before and immediately, 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes after injection by using a pulse oximeter. Paired t-test and Friedman test were used for statistical analysis of the data. This study was done on 30 patients (60 teeth). The results of HR and BOS showed no significant differences between the two injection techniques (P=0.6 and 0.7, respectively). Also, HR and BOS in each group were not significantly changed during the follow-ups (P=0.7 and 0.6, respectively). According to the results, IANB and GG block by using 2% lidocaine and 1:80000 epinephrine had no significant different effects on HR and BOS.

The Emergency Severity Index (ESI) is a five-level triage system that has shown promising reliability and validity. According to ESI algorithm, in the presence of danger zone respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR) or Oxygen (O2) saturation, patients should be up-triaged from ESI level 3 to 2 Hence, the current study aimed to investigate the value of the measurement of vital signs in predicting the up-triage of patients from ESI level 3 to 2. Patients who visited the emergency department at Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran, and were categorized into ESI level 3 were investigated. RR, HR, and O2 saturation were recorded by the triage nurse, and the rates of abnormalities in these three variables were evaluated. Out of 551 cases who were up-triaged from ESI level 3 to 2,489 (88.7%) had an increased RR, and 539 (97.8%) had an increased RR or HR. Only 12 cases (2.2%) had normal RR and HR, who were up-triaged only due to abnormal O2 saturation. Out of these 12 cases, 10 had O2 saturations

Pulse-oximetry (Spo2) widely uses as a help tools for therapeutic interventions in the pediatric intensive care units (PICU). The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of Spo2 in measuring of oxygenation index (OI) in children.
In a descriptive analytical study, 100 patients who were admitted to PICU Tabriz Children's Hospital were studied. Oxygenation index measured by using two methods, including SpO2 which obtained from Spo2 and partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) which obtained from Arterial Blood Gases analysis.
Based on findings, there was a linear correlation between SpO2 and PaO2, and also about OI which measured with Spo2 and PaO2. Based on Receiver Operating Curve (ROC), sensitivity and specificity of OI with considering PaO2 as denominator and in values less or more than 0.145, were 100%, and 76.9%, respectively; and with considering SpO2 as denominator and in values less or more than 0.145, were 98.6%, and 67.7%, respectively.
This study indicates that SpO2 instead of pao2 for measuring OI can be useful.

Delayed or missed diagnosis of critical and cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) in asymptomatic newborns may result in significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of pulse oximetry screening performed on the first day of life for the early detection of critical and cyanotic CHD in apparently normal newborns.
This cross-sectional study used postductal pulse oximetry to evaluate term neonates born between 2008 and 2011 with normal physical examinations. Functional oxygen saturation During the study period, totally 3,846 newborns were evaluated. Of the whole study population, 304 (7.9%) babies had a postductal functional saturation Pulse oximetry screening along with clinical examination may be able to assist in the early detection of critical and cyanotic CHD in asymptomatic newborns.