Ethics in plant made vaccines

In recent years, vaccination programs have advanced significantly due to the progress in molecular biology and biotechnology. Research on plant-made vaccines has become a very tempting subject and transgenic plant technology to produce human or animal vaccines has attracted much attention. Numerous advantages have been reported for vaccine production in transgenic plants such as low cost, ease of maintenance, lack of infection, and high compatibility with the immune system. So far, many of these vaccines are being produced in various plants. The present paper attempts to introduce plant made-vaccines and at the same time discuss the ethical aspects related to the production and clinical testing of these vaccines from three aspects: production of edible vaccines in transgenic plants, clinical tests on plant-made vaccines and plant-made vaccines and global health. Although many aspects of the ethical issues related to plant made vaccines are those that have been reported in transgenic plants, new problems have risen for ethicists and policy makers. Furthermore, the hope of the widespread use of these types of vaccines in developing countries without considering the possibility of plant surveys is unrealistic. Therefore, commercial feasibility for the development of plant-made vaccines in developing countries is very important as a solution to global health problems.