Investigation of predisposing and environmental factors in tuberculosis (TB)
Despite advances in public health, tuberculosis remains a major health problem and Several studies is stressed on the impact of demographic and epidemiological factors especially in people susceptible to the infection, therefore, identification of efficient factors in the increase of disease incidence can be useful to limit tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the environmental and underlying factors which are involved in tuberculosis.
This study is a retrospective descriptive one. Information of the medical records of patients admitted to Baqhyatallah hospital in Tehran during one year (1387 - 1388), was evaluated. We selected cases that were referred to the laboratory for diagnosis of tuberculosis. This information includes personal information, demographic findings, symptoms of diseases and the type of tuberculosis.
Of the 255 patients, 149 (4/58%) were males and 106 cases (6/41%) cases were females, respectively, in the aged range of 1 to 97 years. More than half of the patients, 164 patients (3/64%), were above 51 years of age. Of the 255 admitted patients, 30 patients suffered from tuberculosis based on laboratory results. Twenty-one (70%) were and 9 (30%) were females, respectively. All 30 patients suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis. Furthermore, only 1 (3/3%) suffered from pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis (colon), spontaneously. Most TB patients live in the city (3/93%) and were Iranian (3/93%). Among tuberculosis patients, 4 patients suffered from (3/13%) lung cancer, 1 (3/3%) from Sarcoidosis, 11 (7/36%) from pneumonia, 1 (3/3%) from hydatid cyst, 1 (3/3%) from asthma, 8% (7/26%) from COPD, 5 patients (7/16%) from previous exposure to chemical fumes and 4 (3/13%) patients had bronchiectasis.
Regarding to annual increasing of tuberculosis in the middle east especially neighbouring countries such as Afghanistan and Pakistan, death toll to this disease and losses and physical damage resulted from this disease, Understanding the factors that causes tuberculosis can be helpful to better management and limitation of disease.
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