The Study On Environmental Issues Of Tourism and Strategic Theory in Valleyriver Areas Case study: Zosh-Shandiz basin

Economic and cultural growth and development, more complicated structure of communities and the increasing trend of urbanization, has increased the need of recreation and spending time of leisure for the human beings and has caused to intensify the focus of individuals toward the pleasant climate regions of around the towns. Also the country sides around Mashhad is not exceptional from this general rule and with regard to their natural conditions, watery rivers, thick gardens, various views, cool climate, countryside productivity and pleasant climate in summer, historical archaism, proximity to Mashhad and appropriate transportation, these regions has been always welcomed by residents of Mashhad and tourists that traveled for pilgrimage or excursion purposes.Unfortunately, in spite of limitation of these regions any environmental management or practical attention to control their development has not been considered and it has brought disharmonious development in various districts, losing environmental balance, destruction of resources and spread of pollutions, discordant development of infra structures and polarizing economic development. During the recent years, the increasing dispersed and unorganized construction of residencies, private villas and linear restaurants, in addition to change the economic role of the region and migrating of local residents, has caused to emerge irreparable environmental damages such as: water pollution, decline of plan cover and animal species, deterioration of gardens, changing of natural from of the earth and etc.In order to decrease or remove the problems of tourism in Zoshk-Shandiz basin and achieve the goal of tourism sustainable development in natural and rural areas of this region and on the base of strategic viewpoint and with emphasis on analysis of different environmental structures, this articale try to present some strategies as sample of valleyriver areas and promenade in around of Mashhad. With due to the nature of these strategies, they also will include many policies and projects. It is necessary to mention that according to harmony and similarity of studied region to the other valleyriver areas, the process of gathering present strategies also can apply for them.