Study the antifungal effects of plant medicinal essences on growth of Aspergillus Flavus and Aflatoxin B1 in Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)

Bachground and In order to study the antifungal (inhibitory) effect of herbal essences on prevention from growth of Aspergillus Flavus fungus and Aflatoxins، herbal essences، include thyme، mint، eucalyptus، fennel، galbanum، rosemary، and satureja were studied. factorial test was applied in basic completely randomized design. Solid and liquid environments were used for analyzing mycelium fungus. thyme and fennel essences exhibited maximal inhibitory effect. Results suggested that the effects of essence type and essence concentration caused significant differences on A. Flavus colonization percent and AFB1. Also، interaction effects (cultivar*essence concentration) was significant on colonization percentage of this fungus in 5% level. Concentrations of 800and 1000 of fennel (0. 213، 0. 584 ppb) and thyme (0. 215، 0. 452 ppb) had the most inhibitory effects on AFB1 respectively.