The Chemical Assessment of Seed Essence of Three Native Medicinal Plants of Yazd Province (Bunium Premium, Cuminum Cyminum, Trachyspermum Copticum) and the Comparison of Their Antioxidant Properties

Trachyspermum copticum، Bunium persicum and Cuminum cyminum involve the most important medicinal plants in Apiaceae family in Iran which can be observed in different natural habitats of Yazd province. Therefore، these three native medicinal plants of Yazd province were assessed in regard with the components and antioxidant properties of their seed essences. In this experimental-lab trial، all experiments were performed in triplicate. The essence of the collected seeds were extracted by hydro-distillation، and fractionated by GC/MS method. Then، the compounds were identified. The DPPH test was used to estimate antioxidant properties. The Follin-Ciocalteu method was applied in order to estimate the quantity of Phenolic compounds. The analysis revealed that the main components of Trachyspermum copticum were γ-Terpinene، β-pinene، cymene and thymol. Regarding Cuminum cyminum، the main components were propanal، 1-phenyl-1-butanol and benzene methanol. For Bunium persicum، the results revealed that the –γTerpinene had the highest percentage of the essence. The IC50 of Bunium persicum، Trachyspermum copticum and Cuminum cyminum were 2. 85، 1. 49 and 0. 711 µg. mg-1 and the phenolic component percentage were 117. 09، 90. 22 and 162. 62mg. g-1، respectively. The study results، with respect to antioxidant properties، demonstrated the highest antioxidant properties for Trachyspermum copticum، whereas the lowest antioxidant properties were regarded for Bunium persicum. The highest phenolic components were observed in Bunium persicum، Trachyspermum copticum، and Cuminum cyminumt، respectively.