Evaluation of the Effect of Problem-based Teaching on Self-directed Learning Readiness of Dentistry Students at Kerman University of Medical Sciences

Rapid changes in medicine and dentistry, along with increased knowledge and technological developments, have led to the early expiration of medical information and data. Therefore, instead of receiving a set of information or data, students must become life-long learners. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of problem-based learning (PBL) on self-directed learning readiness of dentistry students at Kerman University of Medical Sciences. This quasi-experimental study was performed on 44 students of dentistry. The related data were collected, using Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale by Guglielmino. This questionnaire consists of 58 questions with a Cronbach’s alpha of α=0.94 (16). The subjects were allocated to intervention (PBL method) and control (common teaching methods) groups and were evaluated before and after the intervention. Data were presented as tables of frequency, percentage, and central tendency, using SPSS software. In order to meet the objectives of the study and evaluate the assumed hypotheses, non-parametric tests of Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon were performed, as well. The obtained results showed a significant difference in self-directed readiness between the pre- and post-intervention periods in the intervention group; moreover, the two groups were significantly different in terms of self-directed readiness score (P<0.05). However, there was no significant association between the changes in self-directed readiness score and demographic variables in the two groups (P>0.05). Based on the results of this study, PBL can positively affect learners’ self-directed readiness. Preparation for self-directed learning is an important characteristic in students, especially medical and dentistry students. These features should be considered for future planning and application of effective teaching methods with respect to the characteristics of each field and career.