Iranian Positive Thinking Scale (IPTS): Development and Standardization

Aim of the current study was development of a reliable and a valid scale to measure positive thinking for Iranian college students. The current study was conducted in two phases – consised of pre-preliminary and preliminary versions. In addition normalization procedure was consisted of two phases: studying psychometric properties، and reporting standardization tables. In the beginning 105 items were developed and revisions were made. Items finally were reduced to 60 items. Although 60 items had norms and validations data، the final version was introduced with 35 items. The final version of the scale with 35 items was administered on 850 students from the universities in Tehran، capital city of Iran. Criterion validity of the positive thinking scale was calculated by its correlation with other personality scales including Adult Attachment Scale-Revised، Iranian Mental Health Scale، and short form of the Big Five Personality Inventory. Moreover، statistical norms of the scale were derived. results of explorative factor analysis revealed a four factor loading، and the results of confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit of the model in four factors. All these evidences indicated the appropriateness of the scale for its purposes. The final model showed that internal consistency of the subscales ranged from 0. 58 to 0. 77. The item correlations for different items were between 0. 25 to 0. 68. In addition، reviewing the criterion validity showed appropriate correlation indexes between criterion variables and the scale. All association between criterion variables and the scale were consistent with literature. Positive thinking scale has appropriate psychometric properties. It can be used by counselors for helping individuals and investigators for research purpose.