A Discourse Analytic Investigation of Poems in Constitutional Era

The constitutional era, which is characterized as the first movement and uprising in the Iranian community in accordance with modern intellectualism, is regarded as one of the most prominent eras in the Iranian satirical poetry throughout the Iranian history. Hence, it is inevitable that the constitutional satirical literature be investigated meticulously. In addition, due to the fact that the Iranian political, cultural and social domains are highly influenced by the intellectual movements, the accurate investigation of the current and coming conditions in Iran can merely be carried out through the constitutional discourse analysis. Therefore, analyzing the constitutional satirical poetry can pave the way for a precise awareness of changes in recent century. In this paper, the exploration of the satirical elements in the constitutional poetry has been made due to its remarkable effect upon the Iranian socio-political history. This research aims at conducting an investigation into the main concepts and subjects of the constitutional satirical poetry, as well as its impacts on the political and social domains. In this study, the hermetic method has been utilized. The results indicate that there exists a fundamental discrepancy between despotism and freedom; equality and class difference; modern and traditional women; patriotism and colonialism; as well as intellectualism and superstition. These differences have contributed to dynamism in the constitutional satirical poetry. It is concluded that the constitutional satirical poets have dealt with such concepts as modernity, intellectualism, patriotism, equality, constitution and legislation.