Standards of Non-Renewable Natural Resource's Just Distribution in the Economic System of Islam

One of the most important issues regarding the natural resources’ distribution in order for the nation’s development to be achieved is that of economic justice, as the stable development won’t be achieved, unless intra- and inter-generation justice should be established in the society. Meanwhile, since there is no unified definition for economic justice in the natural resources’ distribution, and most thinkers have examined only one of its aspects, that is, either inter- or intra-generation justice, and since a comprehensive assessment of the both of these two aspects hasn’t been done, in the present paper, in order for a comprehensive theory of economic justice to be explicated, and for a complete mechanism for fairly distributing the natural resources to be presented, using the library and deductive approaches, we first examine the western and Muslim scholars’ theories regarding the standards of inter- and intra-generation justice, and then, analyzing different scholars’ attitudes and comparing them with Islam, summarize all of them in a new framework and explicate the theory of justice in this connection. Our results show that the standards of justice’s being established are determined in the different phases based upon the economic situation, and four principles regarding the economic justice in the distribution of natural resources are assumable in which one can summarize the mechanism for distributing them.