Evolution in the concept of people from Subject to Population The first steps towards globalization in Qajar era

In this article we will seek the changing of relations between governors and the governed in Iran. Before the nineteenth century, ethical interaction based on justice was the most predominant feature of the Iranian politics and governance. From this perspective, people merely were governed and their political identification was an affectation of their kings’ practices. King’s political acts were the whole of political act and people as subjects were the matter for their king’s behaviors. So, the king was the greatest shepherd who spread his grace as an ethical-preexistencial duty (or mission) in the country, because his grace was the appendix of God’s grace. In the nineteenth century, this predominant approach was influenced by the new evolutions of the west and revealed a different type of power exercising. These changes shifted the relations between the governor and the governed so that they expanded people (citizens) participation in the social and political sphere.